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• VCJAU140

  Understand and identify elements of basic grammar and sentence structure and interaction patterns

  Elaborations

  • developing metalanguage for communicating about language, using concepts such as parts of speech, for example, ‘noun’, ‘verb’ and ‘adjective’
  • understanding the rules of Japanese word order (subject + object + verb), the use of associated particles は、を、と、も、に, and the use of が in formulaic expressions, for example, noun　が　すき　です。
  • describing actions using verb ます form, for example, すし　を　たべます。
  • understanding the rules for conjugating verbs, such as ～ます、～>ましょう、～ました、～ません
  • understanding that Japanese uses name + suffix instead of pronouns when referring to other people, for example, Johnくん、はなさん、Grant せんせい
  • indicating time and frequency using expressions such as まいにち、ときどき
  • describing people, animals, places and things using adjective–noun phrases, for example, 大きい　目、おいしい　もも
  • understanding time words associated with days of the week, months of the year and seasons
  • building vocabulary that relates to familiar environments in daily life and personal worlds and that can be used for cross-curricular content learning
  • beginning to use counters in Japanese, for example, ～人、～さい、～月
  • telling time using ～じ/ ～じはん　です。なんじ　です　か。
  • seeking information using question words such as なに、なん、いつ、どこ and だれ and the sentence-ending particle か, for example, なに　が　すき　です　 か。なんさい　です　 か。なんにん　です　 か。いつ　です　か。

  VCJAU140 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCTRC018

  Participate in conversations about themselves and others, everyday routines and events at school and in their local communities

  Elaborations

  • sharing information about themselves, such as details of their daily routines, family, friends and things they like to do, for example, Şarkı söylemeyi severim, Akşam kitap okurum, Sabah erken kalkarım, Bazen kardeşim ile oyun oynarım, Hafta sonunda futbol oynarım. Uyumadan önce dişlerimi fırçalarım. Uyandıktan sonra kahvaltı yaparım
  • asking and responding to questions about themselves and others, such as Kendini tanıtır mısın? Nerelisin? Ailen Avustralya’ya nereden geldi? Ben Türküm ve Avustralyalıyım. Ailem Avustralya’ya İzmir’den geldi
  • identifying wishes associated with key events in their community, such as Bayramınız kutlu olsun! Mutluluklar dilerim. Kınan kutlu olsun! Elinize sağlık! Çok yaşa! and responding appropriately to expressions of wishes such as Bayramınız kutlu olsun! – Sizin de, Mutluluklar dilerim! / Kınan kutlu olsun! – Teşekkür ederim, Elinize sağlık! – Afiyet olsun, Çok yaşa! – Sen de gör!
  • asking and answering questions that involve concepts such as time, place or number, including days of the week, months and seasons, for example, Saat kaç? Saat 5. Hangi mevsimdeyiz? Kış mevsimindeyiz. Bugün ayın kaçı? Bugün ayın 20’si. Adresin nedir? Adresim...
  • exchanging simple written forms of correspondence, such as invitations, messages for birthdays, Mother’s and Father’s Days, religious celebrations and national days, for example, Bayramınız mübarek olsun! 23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramınız kutlu olsun! Anneler günün kutlu olsun!
  • comparing their preferences, for example, Futbol yerine tenis oynamak istiyorum, Benim en sevdiğim meyve muzdur. Ben kirazı muzdan daha çok severim.

  VCTRC018 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCASFC025

  Create or adapt imaginative texts and expressive performances that feature favourite characters, amusing experiences or special effects

  Elaborations

  • performing stories for a live audience with a focus on the visual communication of emotion and humour
  • adapting an element of a familiar cartoon or story to achieve a different effect, for example by varying the use of manner
  • adapting a signed advertisement for a product popular with their age group to create a change in effect, for example by inserting additional elements, mood or characters
  • signing stories or participating in play-based activities that require the use of constructed action to represent other people’s actions, thoughts, feelings or attitudes
  • adapting key elements of a popular picture book to create a short signed performance suitable for younger children being introduced to Auslan
  • experimenting with the genre of storytelling, adapting the use of signing space and signing techniques and changing perspectives according to character
  • performing an adaptation of a humorous story with two or more characters, using elements of constructed action such as shifting eye gaze and head orientation
  • creating the next scene, a new character or an alternative ending for a signed fable, short story or cartoon
  • choreographing and performing music-less dance, focusing on matching timing, beat and rhythm
  • creating original handshape poetry to present at a school assembly or community festival
  • playing with light and shadow, handshapes and movement, for example in shadow puppet performances

  VCASFC025 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating

• VCLVU172

  Identify available resources and protocols to be followed when building language

  Elaborations

  • identifying and locating available language resources suitable for language building, for example, living speakers and rememberers, visual, aural and written documents, archival material
  • identifying the existence and location of keeping places for texts and resources as language is rebuilt, for example, in the community, national archives, purpose-built interpretative centres
  • understanding that there are protocols to be followed when building language, such as consulting and involving language owners who may want to determine how the language expands into new domains of use
  • discussing potential limits and constraints of school language programs in relation to building language
  • learning about language building efforts in their community and the role of particular groups in this process, for example, by visiting the local language centre, history museum or by inviting people involved in the process to talk to the class
  • identifying language revival programs in other regions and reporting on processes used and resources developed
  • finding examples of language revival in the categories of language revitalisation, language renewal and language reclamation, and consider what these examples contribute to the processes of language building
  • understanding how language revival serves to enrich Australia’s linguistic and cultural resources

  VCLVU172 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Role of language building

• VCTRC022

  Convey information about their home, school and community using simple statements and support materials such as photos, maps or charts

  Elaborations

  • presenting information to other children in the school or to their families about shared in-class projects, for example, Okulumuzdaki sebze bahçemiz, sınıf içinde hazırladığımız zorbalığa hayır piyesi
  • creating texts such as flyers, posters or posts on the school website to advertise special events such as bayram kutlamaları, çokkültürlülük kutlamaları, okul kermesi, nineler ve dedeler günü, Avustralya Temizlik Günü, Okula Yürüme Günü
  • presenting information in the form of a class profile, chart or database about each other’s likes, dislikes or interests that they have collected using checklists, surveys or question cues
  • providing simple directions and clues in print, spoken or visual formats for activities such as a treasure hunt or mystery tour, for example, sağa dön, sola dön, ileri git, düz git
  • explaining a favourite computer game, sport or playground game, highlighting key terms and supporting information with pictures, gestures or demonstrations
  • creating a class book or digital display about their local environment, making connections with topics they have been studying in other curriculum areas, for example, Mahallemdeki bitkiler: çiçekler, ağaçlar and/or okul bahçesindeki bitkiler…
  • presenting information via picture stories or multimodal displays on aspects of their lives that would interest Turkish-speaking children of their own age in other contexts

  VCTRC022 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCLVU164

  Expand vocabulary in the language through word-formation processes and recognise and use simple language structures

  Elaborations

  • exploring known word formation processes, for example, changing a word with the addition or change of a suffix or prefix to convey different meanings
  • constructing expressions that refer to people, places, things and events using:
    • nouns and adjectives in phrases, for example, compound nouns, reduplications and nominalisations, adjectives without an associated noun
    • sentences without verbs, for example, ‘This (is) my bag’
    • pronouns, for example, personal, kinship, demonstrative and interrogative in all persons and numbers
    • determiners and quantifiers, for example, ‘some’, ‘every’, ‘other’, ‘few’, ‘much’, ‘all’, and words for groups
    • marking to indicate possession and other types of association, for example, ‘Let’s go for water’
    • transitive and intransitive verbs
    • verbs of stance used in existential expressions, for example, ‘There is a creek lying near the road’
    • verbs to talk about actions, processes, thoughts and feelings
    • moods of verbs, including statements, questions, imperatives, commands, intention, purpose, likelihood, reported speech
    • negation
  • expressing time, manner, attitude and place according to available language resources, such as:
    • tenses, including past, present and future/non-past
    • temporal expressions, for example, day–night cycle, lunar and seasonal cycles, ‘before’, ‘after’, ‘soon’, ‘recent’, ‘long ago’, expressions for cosmological time
    • expressions of frequency, for example, ‘often’, ‘always’, ‘once’, ‘briefly’
    • attitudinal particles, for example, ‘maybe’, ‘it is said’, ‘what do you say?’, ‘would you mind?’, ‘you see’
    • locational cases, for example, ‘in’, ‘an’, ‘at’, ‘near’, ‘besides’, ‘to’, ‘towards’, ‘from’
    • adverbs of manner, location and time, for example, ‘again’, ‘more’, ‘in turn’, ‘too late’, ‘as well’
    • structuring and linking clauses, for example, using coordination, subordination, embedding
  • understanding that rules vary between languages, for example, in relation to word-formation, word order at phrase and sentence level
  • making comparisons and identifying patterns in and between languages, for example, free and fixed word order, tenses in verbs, use of affixes versus prepositions
  • noticing similarities between particular vocabulary sets in languages from the same region, such as words for body parts, kinship terms
  • developing metalanguage for talking about language, for example, noun phrases, suffixes, prefixes, tense, transitivity, using resources from both the language and English

  VCLVU164 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFC024

  Engage with imaginative texts such as stories, games, poems or cartoons, to demonstrate comprehension and express enjoyment

  [ Key concepts: story, emotion, expression, humour; Key processes: identifying, expressing emotion, re-enacting, experimenting, shadowing]

  Elaborations

  • viewing a signed story that involves progressive action, tension and resolution
  • identifying how signers use space to track a character or location throughout a text
  • viewing and responding to a range of Deaf poetry for children, for example by creating an alternative ending or extra verse
  • using NMFs to express changing emotions such as anticipation, fear or relief in response to elements of live or recorded signed stories
  • viewing and responding to short recorded skits, for example by re-enacting favourite elements and modifying manner or aspect to provide additional emphasis or expression
  • freezing cartoons or video clips of people/animals in amusing situations, signing a commentary on what has just happened and predicting what might happen next
  • experimenting with different Auslan parameters to create and perform examples of gestural humour, as modelled in performances by companies such as the Hong Kong Theatre of the Deaf
  • participating in games that focus on modifying manner or aspect for effect
  • viewing a theatre performance designed for a deaf audience and sharing their reactions to the experience of viewing a theatre performance designed for a deaf audience
  • engaging with different examples of Deaf humour or Deaf jokes and comparing them with examples of humour in spoken English or in silent films or mime
  • shadowing signed elements of theatrical or cinematographic texts that use handshapes, such as the scene with hand-faces in the film Labyrinth
  • comparing two signed versions of a story such as ‘The Hare and the Tortoise’ and indicating their preference for one version over the other
  • responding to elements of signed stories such as refrains or exclamations, for example by shadowing repeated signs, movements or facial expressions

  VCASFC024 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating

• VCASFC028

  Consider how individual and community relationships combine to create family and social networks, influence social behaviours and contribute to a sense of belonging and identity

  Elaborations

  • creating individual family trees and identifying deaf and hearing family members
  • interacting with Deaf elders to discuss visual ways of being, interacting and behaving associated with identity
  • designing visual representations such as concept maps, posters or captioned slide presentations to show individual and group connections within the Deaf community such as friendship, family or sporting groups, or state and national Deaf community associations, discussing how these contribute to a sense of identity
  • exploring the concept of ‘family’ as it relates to the Deaf community, considering how it extends beyond the traditional concept to include broader social networks
  • explaining how deaf families play a key role in language maintenance and shared sense of identity across generations
  • exploring how name signs are created and form part of an individual identity, for example by providing contemporary examples such as signs for their peers, teachers and Deaf elders
  • using a vlog journal entry to discuss how having peers who share the same language develops social bonds, personal confidence and a sense of shared identity
  • responding to presentations by Deaf visitors to the classroom who share their experiences of education, family life, social networks, community and sense of identity, for example by discussing similarities and differences to their own lives
  • sharing views on why certain places have special significance to the Deaf community, evoking a sense of belonging and pride and representing particular bonds between people, place and experience, for example, Deaf schools or sites of historic significance such as original Deaf Society/Mission buildings or other former meeting places
  • identifying how deaf people share modifications to space to maximise visual attention, such as adjusting seating or removing visual obstacles

  VCASFC028 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Identity

• VCLVC157

  Listen to, read and view different real and imaginative texts, identifying and making simple statements about key elements, characters and events, and interpreting cultural expressions and behaviours

  Elaborations

  • recalling, illustrating and describing main characters and events in stories, songs and performances, for example, by selecting descriptive modelled statements as captions to their pictures or responding to questions, such as, Who? Where? How long? What?
  • participating in shared and guided reading/listening/viewing of real and imaginative texts, for example by making predictions about the development or flow of ideas, using contextual and visual cues, responding to questions and comparing responses to different characters, ideas and events
  • conveying understanding of plot and sequence in texts, for example, by re-creating a sequence using a storyboard, labelling key events or creating a timeline
  • mapping sites, landforms and other features of Country/Place through which a travelling story/storyline passes
  • listening to respected community members tell stories on Country/Place, interpreting hand signs and gestures, retelling parts of the story, for example, in sand, through painting or by performing, using a combination of words/phrases, illustrations, movements and visual props
  • listening to respected community members telling stories from their local area, and responding by retelling parts of the story
  • interacting/engaging with artistic expression/techniques appropriate to Country/Place, such as paintings, drawings, etchings, sculptures and dance, interpreting messages conveyed through these different forms
  • discussing key messages expressed in stories, songs and dance, such as social values and rules for living, comparing them to messages conveyed by stories in other cultures and languages
  • responding to a specific creative text by adapting the original to create a new version, for example, by re-sequencing events, adding new elements, changing time, location or character, or creating an alternative ending
  • understanding and discussing the importance of story/ storytelling in transmitting and maintaining language and culture

  VCLVC157 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCDEU132

  Notice and apply elements of German grammar such as gender and singular/plural forms, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns and word order in simple spoken and written texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising the link between a noun’s gender and its definite/indefinite article and nominative pronoun in relation to people, for example, der Bruder, ein Bruder, er
  • using the nominative and accusative indefinite articles to denote an unspecified person or object, for example, Rotkäppchen hatte einen Korb.
  • comparing pluralisation of nouns in German and English, and using die for plural nouns in German, for example, der Apfel/die Äpfel
  • describing a relationship using a possessive adjective, for example, mein/e, dein/e, sein/e, ihr/e
  • understanding and using pronouns to refer to people, for example, ich, du, er, sie (singular); wir, ihr, sie (plural); Sie heißt Anna. Sie heißen Ben und Sarah.
  • using the correct verb form associated with a noun or pronoun or combination thereof, for example, Die Lehrerin singt ein Lied; Herr Schwarz trinkt Kaffee; Sie spielt Tennis; Mein Freund und ich sprechen Englisch.
  • using present tense forms of irregular verbs such as haben and sein and recognising similarities to the English verbs ‘to have’ and ‘to be’
  • describing capabilities and preferences using limited forms of the modal verbs können and mögen, for example, Ich kann gut schwimmen. Er mag Cricket. Wir möchten eine Party machen.
  • understanding and describing current and recurring actions using verbs such as essen, fliegen, fressen, laufen, leben, schwimmen, sprechen and trinken
  • understanding and describing past events using the simple past tense of familiar verbs such as war, hatte, ging, sah, spielte and machte
  • joining words, phrases and sentences using und, oder and aber
  • understanding the meaning of and using common time phrases and cohesive devices, for example, gestern, heute, dann and zuerst
  • understanding and formulating questions using subject–verb inversion, for example, Magst du Sport?
  • understanding and using a range of question words and the intended/related answer, for example, woher, welcher and wie viel
  • locating events in time with regard to days, months, seasons and ‘half past’ time, for example, Ich spiele im Winter Fußball. Die Schule beginnt um halb neun.
  • describing location formulaically using prepositional phrases such as im Wasser, in der Luft, auf dem Land, neben dem Tisch or auf der linken Seite
  • using ordinal numbers to give the date, for example, Heute ist der dritte Juli. Er hat am siebten August Geburtstag.
  • referring to quantities of people and things (including money) using cardinal numbers up to 100

  VCDEU132 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language