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• VCASFU249

  Explore the relationship between particular text types, audience, purpose and context and analyse language features used by signers to create cohesion and achieve the purpose of the text

  Elaborations

  • analysing a videoed class debate to see how language is used to justify opinions and to persuade others
  • conducting an in-depth analysis of a selected sign text, taking into account audience, purpose and topic to explain language choices made by the signer
  • expanding understanding of textual conventions, for example by explaining why signers choose alternatives to actor-verb-undergoer in a real text to topicalise the important point
  • noticing how signers can compare or contrast ideas by locating things in the same or opposing sides of signing space
  • noticing how signers construct cohesive and coherent texts through the use of text connectives such as lexical signs THEN or G:WELL or NMFs and pausing
  • identifying all the ways a signer refers to the same referent throughout a text to create cohesion

  VCASFU249 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU212

  Understand and describe complex grammatical structures combining depicting signs, constructed action and various clauses for a range of language functions, such as interaction, narration or description

  Elaborations

  • recognising signs that function as interjections or discourse markers
  • understanding the difference between definite and indefinite reference and how Auslan shows this distinction
  • noticing how to use modal verbs and NMFs to express possibility, obligation and ability (MIGHT, SHOULD)
  • recognising that conditional forms have a main and dependent clause and associated NMFs
  • identifying coordinated clauses showing causation and describing how it is shown, for example:
    PRO3 STUDY-_hard BECAUSE WANT EXAM MARKS GOOD
  • recognising how emphasis in sentences can be changed by reordering clauses or parts of clauses
  • recognising that the presence of CA or DSs affects how a clause is structured

  VCASFU212 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU248

  Understand and control additional elements of Auslan grammar, such as the use of non-manual features for topicalisation, negation or conditional forms, and develop awareness of how signers use constructed action and depicting signs in composite utterances

  Elaborations

  • observing that some noun groups are not signed overtly, particularly if maintaining the same referent rather than introducing a new one
  • distinguishing between the citation form of a sign and the adverbial NMF overlaid and what meaning each part carries, for example: MAN SPRINT (base form), MAN SPRINT-_fast (manner added)
  • recognising that signers can give information about how a verb happens over time by changing the movement, for example, signing WATCH versus WATCH-_{for-a-long-time}, or with lexical signs such as WATCH AGAIN++
  • recognising that some adverbs modify adjectives, not verbs, for example VERY, and that these modifications to adjectives can also be expressed with NMFs, for example changes in mouth patterns and movement of signs can intensify adjectives, for example, RED-_really, PLEASED-_really, TALL-_really
  • recognising that typically signers use DSs to show spatial relationships, not separate signs such as ON or UNDER
  • recognising how conjunctions such as PLUS, IF or BUT are used to join clauses and create cohesion
  • recognising that clauses can also be joined through particular NMFs
  • noticing that clauses can be linked equally or unequally, where one clause depends on another
  • recognising that the element of a clause that a signer wants to focus on most in Auslan is sometimes moved to be signed first and that this process of topicalisation involves particular NMFs
  • noticing that clauses are elaborated and made more vivid by adding adjectives and adverbs and by enacting or using DSs
  • realising that in many clauses signers ‘tell’ with fully-lexical signs at the same time as ‘show’ with DS, periods of CA and other gestural elements
  • noticing when signers are using composite utterances, for example those that include elements of CA, DSs, points and lexical signs, and how that affects the structure of a clause

  VCASFU248 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEC179

  Create bilingual texts which reflect and explain aspects of culture and language for different German-speaking and Australian audiences

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual digital texts to give advice, for example, to German-speaking tourists about safe travel in the Australian outback
  • explaining the origin, significance, traditions and terms associated with national or local celebrations and events such as Australia Day, the Ashes, Anzac Day, Melbourne Cup, State of Origin
  • creating digital bilingual survival guides on language and etiquette for visitors to Australia or a German-speaking country, providing advice for specific scenarios, for example, at the supermarket, at a party, in the classroom

  VCDEC179 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCDEC180

  Make choices while using German, recognising own assumptions and responsibility for modifying language and behaviours in relation to different cultural perspectives

  Elaborations

  • exploring the reciprocal nature of intercultural communication, the two-way process of noticing and responding to differences in perceptions, understandings or behaviours, for example, attitudes to interruptions, personal space and physical contact, and degree of formality or directness
  • reflecting on learning and using German, such as breakdowns or breakthroughs in communication, and discussing repair and recovery strategies and insights gained
  • reflecting on and explaining aspects of language and cultural behaviour that need to be modified when communicating in German, evaluating how own language choices may be perceived by German speakers and making adjustments to enhance meaning, for example, the overuse of ‘polite’ phrases such as Können Sie mir bitte … ? and Aber meiner Meinung nach … rather than expressing wishes or responding to a suggestion in a more direct manner
  • challenging own assumptions and offering different perspectives to new language-learning contexts and situations

  VCDEC180 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDEC175

  Convey ideas, information and views from multiple sources, using different modes of presentation to suit different audiences and to achieve different purposes

  Elaborations

  • using models of texts such as television news reports and social media to create original texts, and explaining how ideas and information are selected, structured and sequenced to achieve different purposes
  • creating a web page to provide information for young German-speaking job seekers in different regional and cultural contexts (Farmarbeit in Queensland, Kindermädchen im Outback, Küchenhilfe an der Ostküste), using formats such as databases, charts, maps and video clips
  • designing texts pitched to specific age or interest groups, making and explaining choices in relation to vocabulary, structure, and visual and cultural elements, for example, relationship advice for teens, tips for healthier living, local information for backpackers
  • summarising and presenting information related to topics or themes studied in other curriculum areas, using different modes of presentation to cater for different learning styles, for example, using charts, diagrams, recorded spoken commentary or demonstration to explain historical events, ecosystems or recycling

  VCDEC175 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEC019

  Interact with others to make decisions and solve problems to complete tasks such as obtaining goods or services, and negotiate with peers to take individual and/or collective action

  Elaborations

  • sharing suggestions with peers to organise class displays and events such as a German Kabarett or Karneval (Wer organisiert die Musik?; Wir können Poster machen), and agreeing or disagreeing with a suggestion, for example, Gute Idee!; Das ist/wäre super/blöd!
  • participating in scenarios related to travelling or living in a German-speaking country, for example, staying with a host family or using transport
  • completing tasks involving authentic or simulated transactions, such as shopping for clothes or comparing similar offers for goods in online catalogues on German-language internet sites, for example, Ich möchte diese Hose anprobieren. Haben Sie Größe 38?; 30 Euro? Das ist sehr preiswert.
  • completing an application form for services such as online memberships or for opportunities such as student exchange programs or scholarships, and explaining reasons for applying
  • discussing and negotiating a resolution to a problem, such as a disagreement with a parent, sibling or classmate about having to share a room or computer (Was soll ich tun? Ich kann es nicht haben, wenn … .), or making a complaint about unsatisfactory goods or services (Ich habe eine vegetarische Pizza bestellt, aber … .; Die Hose ist die falsche Gröβe. Ich möchte mein Geld zurück.

  VCDEC019 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCDEC021

  Access and analyse information, feelings and opinions in a range of digital, print and multimodal texts

  Elaborations

  • listening to and viewing short informative texts such as television news items (Deutsche Welle), promotional videos or documentaries, and using tools such as guided note-taking or a concept map to extract key information to reuse in own texts
  • gathering information from appropriate sources about a topic of interest, for example, use of technology, healthy lifestyles, or aspects of life in German-speaking countries (sporting clubs, travel and holiday destinations)
  • compiling and comparing information and views/opinions from a range of spoken or written reports, for example, from interviews and evaluation forms related to a Schüleraustausch or Arbeitspraktikum
  • listening to, reading or viewing interviews with ordinary people, sports stars, musicians, environmentalists or politicians, and summarising and recording information and opinions, for example, writing a journal entry or blog describing a typical day and working conditions in a particular profession
  • using print and digital resources such as dictionaries, grammar references and encyclopaedias to support comprehension and research

  VCDEC021 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEC174

  Investigate, synthesise and evaluate information from different perspectives on local and global issues, identifying how context and culture affect how information is presented

  Elaborations

  • analysing and explaining how spoken, written and digital texts convey cultural as well as factual information, for example, regional news headlines, local community announcements, advertisements, notices in public spaces
  • researching a topic of global significance, such as Umweltprobleme, Armut or Denglish, and identifying and explaining how texts reflect different perspectives and priorities
  • comparing and analysing advertisements produced in different countries for Stellenangebote or an item such as a mobile phone, soft drink or fast food, considering why particular images have been selected for the advertisements and why, and identifying both culture-specific and universal features
  • analysing reports of an event from multiple sources to identify different perspectives and interpretations, for example, statements from the victim of and witnesses to a crime

  VCDEC174 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEC177

  Create a variety of imaginative texts using different devices such as imagery and sound effects to engage a range of audiences

  Elaborations

  • using a familiar text type such as a social media post or a blog to describe an imagined experience such as their first day as an exchange student in a German-speaking community
  • composing a journal entry from the perspective of a teenager living in a different time and/or place, for example, im Jahr 2050, in der Kriegszeit, Berlin 1989
  • composing and performing poems, songs, monologues or dialogues to evoke amusement, sympathy or surprise, for example, selecting appropriate imagery and experimenting with onomatopoeia
  • creating performances that reflect on significant German or Australian celebrations or historical events, for example, Tag der Deutschen Einheit, Schweizer Bundestag, Maifeiertag, National Sorry Day, Anzac Day
  • creating texts with various settings, characters and events, such as animated stories, games or short films, using a range of devices to entertain

  VCDEC177 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCDEC027

  Interact with a range of German speakers and texts, being aware of audience and context, and recognising that intercultural communication involves shared responsibility for meaning-making

  Elaborations

  • exploring the reciprocal nature of intercultural communication, the two-way process of noticing and responding to differences in perceptions, understandings or behaviours such as the degree of formality or directness
  • reflecting in discussions or journals on critical incidents in the course of learning and using German, for example, breakdowns or breakthroughs in communication, and discussing repair and recovery strategies and insights gained
  • reflecting on how language choices might be interpreted by German speakers and making adjustments to help convey intended meaning, for example, more often using the generalised pronoun man or a passive construction rather than du/wir/sie or (alle) Leute
  • considering how own cultural practices, values and body language may be interpreted by German peers, for example, personal space and physical contact, personal and family habits and behaviours
  • exploring and challenging own assumptions and offering different perspectives to new situations/learning/language, including challenging stereotypes, for example, by making video clips of cultural bloopers an Australian visitor to a German-speaking country might make, and vice versa

  VCDEC027 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDEC018

  Initiate and maintain interactions with peers and adults by seeking and offering ideas, opinions and feelings as well as information related to relationships, school experience, community and future plans

  Elaborations

  • participating in conversations using strategies to sustain interactions, such as asking for repetition, clarification and confirmation, for example, Wiederholen Sie die Frage, bitte! Was bedeutet das? Meinen Sie… ?
  • discussing and giving opinions on aspects of school life, such as timetables, subjects, teachers and uniforms, for example, Wann haben wir montags Deutsch?; Ich finde Mathe interessant, aber meine Mathelehrerin ist sehr streng. Und du, findest du Mathe auch interessant?
  • exchanging personal information and views in digital communications with peers about their school, family and friends, for example, Ich finde meine Schule sehr gut, obwohl… ; Ich komme gut mit meinem Bruder aus, weil … .
  • describing own Wohnort and commenting on advantages and disadvantages of living there, such as whether there are sporting or shopping facilities nearby, for example, Ich wohne gern auf dem Land. Es gibt in der Nähe einen Fluss und einen Fußballplatz. Leider haben wir kein Kino. Gibt es einen Supermarkt, wo du wohnst?
  • recounting events and describing activities and personal experiences from the past, for example, Gestern Abend hat Bayern-Műnchen gegen Mainz gewonnen. Hast du das Spiel gesehen?; Wir sind in den Ferien zum Strand gefahren.
  • comparing own characteristics, weaknesses and strengths with those of others, and describing the ideal friend, for example, Ich bin fleiβig, unabhängig und abenteuerlustig. Leider bin ich aber auch stur und unordentlich.; Ein guter Freund muss treu und ehrlich sein.
  • posing and responding to questions, such as about future plans and aspirations, for example, Was wirst du in den Ferien machen? Wir werden zu Hause bleiben.; Was sind deine Zukunftspläne? Nach der 12. Klasse werde ich vielleicht Betriebswirtschaft studieren. Und du, was hast du vor?

  VCDEC018 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCELC018

  Initiate and sustain interactions by sharing personal opinions and experiences, face-to-face or online, with peers, and comparing aspects of young people’s lives, such as relationships, events and aspirations

  Elaborations

  • initiating conversations, for example, with peers and sister-school friends, using expressions appropriate to context and audience, such as Tί έκανες χτες; Πάμε στο γλέντι;
  • sustaining face-to-face or online conversations on topics of mutual interest, for example, το πάρτυ, η μουσική, η φιλία, η μόδα, parties, music, friendship, fashion, through active listening strategies, turn-taking and verbal and non-verbal responses, for example, shrugging shoulders, head shaking
  • extending and elaborating on modelled language to elicit others’ and express own experiences and opinions, for example,Τι νομίζεις; Πιστεύω ότι, Μ’ αρέσει καλύτερα η θάλασσα, Συμφωνείς;
  • using formulaic language to share and compare aspects of teenage life, for example, Το κινητό μου είναι μαύρο, Το δικό μου είναι μεγαλύτερο, and aspirations, for example, Θέλω να γίνω ...

  VCELC018 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCELC024

  Experiment with different techniques to create and present imaginative texts designed to engage different audiences

  Elaborations

  • accessing texts, such as songs, films and digital/online texts, and creating a new version or modifying key aspects, for example, introducing a new character or changing the ending
  • illustrating and captioning imaginative stories in different formats, such as cartoons, photo stories, using descriptive and expressive language, for example, Η παρέα μου, or using other devices such as alliteration or similes and metaphors
  • composing and presenting texts, using verbal and non-verbal expressions, for example, creating and presenting an imaginary character living during the period of the Greek Revolution
  • creating a range of texts to entertain particular audiences, for example, children’s digital books, songs, cartoons and video clips suitable for younger learners of Greek

  VCELC024 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCELU183

  Understand and apply grammatical structures, such as passive and active voice, negation, word order and time clauses, recognising that they serve particular functions and that grammatical choices shape meaning

  Elaborations

  • choosing appropriate terms to describe events across time (present, past and future) and choosing appropriate tense, for example, Φέτος θα πάω διακοπές στην Κύπρο, Πέρσι γύρισα όλη την Έλλαδα
  • recognising the order of pronouns to emphasise who is carrying out an action or to refer to a person or thing, and applying agreement in gender and number to identify subject and object, for example, Κανείς δεν είναι τέλειος, Μου αρέσουν αυτοί που λένε την αλήθεια
  • using a range of adverbs and adjectives to modify and intensify meaning of verbs and adjectives, for example, ακριβώς, αρκετά, πολύ, λίγο, πολλή
  • using cohesive devices such as conjunctions to link, clarify and sequence ideas and modify meaning in written and spoken texts, for example, Αφού δεν είχα αρκετά λεφτά, γύρισα σπίτι μου, γιατί, επειδή, αλλά, και, τότε
  • responding to and using imperative mood, for example, ελάτε, γράψε
  • using a range of nouns and adjectives and possessive forms, for example, μου/μας/σου/του/της/τους, δικό τους, δικά μας
  • seeking information using a range of questions, for example, Tι; Mήπως ξέρεις; Πώς; Πού; Γιατί; Πότε;
  • continuing to build a metalanguage to describe grammatical concepts and develop learning resources, for example, verb charts, vocabulary lists, groups of pronouns, adverbs or adjectives

  VCELU183 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCELU185

  Analyse culturally specific ways of interacting in Greek and how and why language use varies according to cultural contexts, considering why these differ from interactions in English or in other languages

  Elaborations

  • comparing texts created for different audiences, such as advertisements, brochures and signs, noticing how language use reflects ideas and messages that are relevant to a particular audience
  • investigating the nature and use of Greek language in different contexts of interaction, for example, asking Greek-speaking students in Australia with whom they communicate in Greek and for what purposes, reflecting on similarities and differences to interactions in English or other languages
  • analysing a range of correspondence and dialogue to identify features of language that affect levels of formality, such as the use of the subjunctive, imperative mood and plural polite register, for example, Αγαπημένε μου φίλε Γιάννη, γεια σου, Αξιότιμη κυρία Λασκαρίδη, Πες μου, Πείτε μου, Ας μιλήσουμε, Για να σε ακούσω
  • identifying English words in the Greek language, for example, πάρκινγκ, ζάπινγκ, and discussing their emergence and use

  VCELU185 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCESC185

  Convey information on a range of issues using different modes of presentation to suit different audiences

  Elaborations

  • researching and reporting on contemporary social, environmental or ethical issues as presented in a range of resources using different presentation techniques, for example, Venn diagrams, flow charts, digital displays
  • composing different types of social media texts such as blogs, advertisements, web pages, magazine articles or live or printed interviews to present views on particular issues, using appropriate protocols to acknowledge sources of reference and commentary, for example, by using reported speech (Dijo el doctor Sanabria que hay que usar autos eléctricos)

  VCESC185 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCESC023

  Organise and present critical perspectives on information obtained from different sources to a variety of audiences

  Elaborations

  • researching, presenting and taking a position on questions relating to contemporary topics such as Los efectos de las redes sociales en la vida de los jóvenes
  • producing a brochure to identify aspects of their city/town/region likely to be of interest to Spanish-speaking visitors of the same age
  • presenting a personal or shared perspective on topics such as fashion, music, cinema or social media, using formats such as displays, online posts or oral presentations to provide critical or explanatory commentary
  • researching and presenting information about social and environmental issues affecting Spanish-speaking regions of the world, for example, consecuencias de la deforestación en el Amazonas

  VCESC023 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCESC019

  Socialise, exchange and compare ideas and opinions in relation to issues relevant to their own lives and interests, such as relationships, events and aspirations

  Elaborations

  • expressing, comparing and explaining likes, dislikes and preferences, for example, Me gusta más el baloncesto que el fútbol, Me encanta la historia porque me parece interesante, Nuestro colegio es grandísimo, es el más grande de la ciudad. Lo que más me gusta hacer los fines de semana es chatear con mis amigos
  • corresponding with peers by using telephone/video calls, SMS or social media to build relationships and share views on aspects of young people’s lives such as friends, responsibilities, interests and aspirations
  • expressing hopes, opinions and ambitions, giving reasons for plans, for example, Espero aprobar los exámenes, Creo que ..., Pienso (+ infinitive), prefiero ...¿y tú?, Y vosotros ¿Qué opináis?, Estoy de acuerdo contigo, ¿Estáis de acuerdo?, En el futuro, me gustaría ser ...
  • sharing past experiences and significant events, such as holidays, special events or travel, for example, En mis vacaciones, primero fuimos a..., después ... Durante la segunda semana ... y entonces ... Fue fenomenal ... Al final ... Y ¿Qué tal tus vacaciones?
  • discussing personal views on topics such as acoso escolar, ideal de belleza and música, using expressions such as de ninguna manera...claro que sí... to link and elaborate ideas

  VCESC019 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCESU034

  Examine ongoing changes in Spanish as a language of local and international communication, considering the power of language to both influence and reflect culture

  Elaborations

  • identifying Spanish words borrowed from different languages across time and through political, historical and social changes, for example, words of Arabic origin that start with the prefix al-, such as almanaque, alcachofa, algodón, álgebra and alcohol, and some common interjections also derived from Arabic, such as ¡hola!, ¡ojalá!, ¡olé!
  • identifying the movement of language elements across and between times and contexts, such as words from indigenous languages adopted into Spanish and then exported to other languages, for example, words of Náhuatl origin such as aguacate, chocolate, cacao, chile, chicle and guacamole
  • noticing components of Spanish language that reflect particular cultural histories and influences, such as technological and scientific terms derived from classical Latin and Greek, for example, continente, vegetación, bacteria, biología, protocolo and mecánico
  • reflecting on the power of language in terms of their own experience, for example, by identifying comments from friends, teachers or public figures that have influenced or affected them
  • understanding the power of language to influence people’s actions and beliefs, such as the language of persuasion in political speeches or community appeals, for example, puede hacer su donación a la..., ofrezca tu tiempo voluntariamente despué del terremoto en Chile

  VCESU034 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change