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• VC2M2M01

  measure and compare objects based on length, capacity and mass using appropriate uniform informal units and smaller units for accuracy when necessary

  Elaborations

  • choosing suitable informal units to measure the length of a range of objects, and justifying their choice of a longer unit to measure things that are long (such as the width of a room) and a shorter unit to measure shorter things or when more accuracy is needed
  • comparing the capacity of several containers using sand and units such as a spoon or cup, to say which container will hold the most and how much more it will hold; recording the results; writing an explanation of their measurement process, including using smaller units to be more accurate; and justifying the result
  • using balance scales to compare the mass of several objects, selecting an appropriate informal unit; counting the number of informal units to determine which object is heavier and how much heavier; and explaining why the informal units chosen need to be the same mass
  • recognising that the same informal unit needs to be used when measuring (for example, demonstrating and discussing why using different shoe lengths to measure the same distance could result in the measures being different) and discussing why a smaller-sized informal unit may result in a larger number of units compared to a larger-sized informal unit
  • investigating Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ use of body parts, such as hands, as uniform informal units of measurement used to measure and compare objects, for example, in the manufacturing of nets for a particular purpose
  • investigating and comparing measurable attributes that are interpreted by Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples to understand animal behaviour, such as the length, width and depth of animal tracks

  VC2M2M01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Measurement

• VC2M2M05

  identify, describe and demonstrate quarter, half, three-quarter and full measures of turn in everyday situations

  Elaborations

  • identifying things that turn in the school environment, for example, the handle on a tap or a door, or the dial or switch on a piece of equipment; and identifying a half turn and a full turn, drawing a diagram and labelling it with arrows to show the direction and amount of turn
  • giving and following instructions to move during an activity; for example, demonstrating and describing half, quarter and full turns in a choreographed dance
  • investigating hands turning on a clock and relating quarter, half and full hours to angles and the language of clockwise or anticlockwise
  • giving or following directions to locate an object in the room or to provide a pathway through a grid, such as programming a robot, referring to quarter, half, three-quarter and full turns

  VC2M2M05 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Measurement

• VC2M2N05

  multiply and divide by one-digit numbers using repeated addition, equal grouping, arrays and partitioning to support a variety of calculation strategies

  Elaborations

  • making and naming arrays and using bar models to solve simple multiplication or sharing problems; for example, making different arrays to represent 12 and naming them as ‘3 fours’, ‘2 sixes’, ‘4 threes’ and ‘6 twos’, using physical or virtual materials to make arrays or using bar models to demonstrate that ‘3 fours’ is equal to ‘4 threes’
  • finding the total number represented in an array by partitioning the array using subitising and number facts; for example, describing how they determined the total number of dots arranged in a ‘3 fives’ array by saying, ‘I saw 2 fives, which is 10, and then 5 more, which makes 15’
  • recognising problems that can be solved using division and identifying the difference between dividing a set of objects into 3 equal groups and dividing the same set of objects into groups of 3
  • using a Think Board to solve partition and quotition division problems; for example, sharing a prize of $36 between 4 people, using materials, a diagram and skip counting to find the answer, and explaining whether the answer ‘9’ refers to people or dollars
  • using materials or diagrams, and skip counting, to solve repeated equal-quantity multiplication problems; for example, writing a repeated addition number sentence and using skip counting to solve the problem ‘Four trays of biscuits with 6 on each tray – how many biscuits are there?’

  VC2M2N05 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Number

• VC2M2N04

  add and subtract one- and two-digit numbers, represent problems using number sentences and solve using part-part-whole reasoning and a variety of calculation strategies

  Elaborations

  • using the associative property of addition to assist with mental calculation by partitioning, rearranging and regrouping numbers using number knowledge, near doubles and bridging-to-10 strategies; for example, calculating 7 + 8 using 7 + (7 + 1) = (7 + 7) + 1, the associative property and near doubles; or calculating 7 + 8 using the associative property and bridging to 10: 7 + (3 + 5) = (7 + 3) + 5
  • using strategies such as doubles, near doubles, part-part-whole knowledge to 10, bridging tens and partitioning to mentally solve problems involving two-digit numbers; for example, calculating 56 + 37 by thinking 5 tens and 3 tens is 8 tens, 6 + 7 = 6 + 4 + 3 is one 10 and 3, and so the result is 9 tens and 3, or 93
  • representing addition and subtraction problems using a bar model and writing a number sentence, explaining how each number in the sentence is connected to the situation
  • using mental strategies and informal written jottings to help keep track of the numbers when solving addition and subtraction problems involving two-digit numbers and recognising that zero added to a number leaves the number unchanged; for example, in calculating 34 + 20 = 54, 3 tens add 2 tens is 5 tens, which is 50, and 4 ones add zero ones is 4 ones, which is 4, so the result is 50 + 4 = 54
  • using a physical or mental number line or hundreds chart to solve addition or subtraction problems by moving along or up and down in tens and ones; for example, solving the problem ‘I was given a $100 gift card for my birthday and spent $38 on a pair of shoes and $15 on a T-shirt. How much money do I have left on the card?’
  • using Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ stories and dances to understand the balance and connection between addition and subtraction, representing relationships as number sentences

  VC2M2N04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Number

• VC2M2N01

  recognise, represent and order numbers to at least 1000 using physical and virtual materials, numerals and number lines

  Elaborations

  • recognising missing numbers on different number lines, for example, a number line with 1800 on one end and 2200 on the other, with every decade numbered
  • recognising and locating the position of pieces within hundreds chart puzzles using knowledge of the order of natural numbers
  • reading and writing numerals, and saying and ordering two-, three- and four-digit numbers using patterns in the number system, including numbers with zeros in different places and numbers that look and sound similar (such as 808, 880, 818 and 881)
  • collecting large quantities of materials for recycling (for example, ring pulls, bottle tops and bread tags) and grouping them into ones, tens and hundreds, and using the materials to show different representations of two- and three-digit numbers

  VC2M2N01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Number

• VC2M2ST01

  acquire data for categorical variables through surveys, observation, experiment and using digital tools; sort data into relevant categories and display data using lists and tables

  Elaborations

  • posing a question of interest about favourite things (for example, asking classmates ‘What are your favourite types of fruit/football teams/days of the week?’), recording responses using a table, and using counting strategies to determine the number of different responses and the most popular and least popular responses
  • investigating questions such as ‘How much rubbish is really rubbish?’ by gathering data about objects in categories (for example, ‘throw away’, ‘recycle’ and ‘re-use’), deciding whether the data answers the question
  • using familiar software to construct a survey to collect class data; sorting and interpreting responses; and considering the questions asked and whether they need to be modified to re-use the survey
  • observing events and using the observations to design a table or list to record data; for example, observing students arriving at school prior to deciding the appropriate data categories for investigating the different ways students get to school
  • exploring the ways Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples observe, collect, sort and record data

  VC2M2ST01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Statistics

• VCNRU017

  Recognise that the languages people use reflect their culture, such as who they are, where and how they live, and find examples of similarities and differences between the language being studied and their own ways of communicating

  Elaborations

  • exploring the meaning of ‘culture’, considering different lifestyles and symbols such as flags, including the Aboriginal flag and the Torres Strait Islander flag
  • exploring the significance of different cultural practices, activities and games
  • recognising words that reflect aspects of the culture of the language
  • understanding that particular Australian English terms and expressions have no equivalent in the language, for example, billabong, corroboree, the bush
  • recognising features of the target language interactions which may be similar or different to own ways of communicating

  VCNRU017 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCNRU015

  Recognise that the greetings and forms of address in the language being studied may vary according to such things as the time of day, age, gender and relationship of participants

  Elaborations

  • using appropriate form of address or greeting with peers when speaking to adults and appropriate greeting depending on the time of day
  • recognising that there can be different forms of address for the same person, for example, mum, mother

  VCNRU015 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCPSCSE010

  Explain how being prepared to try new things can help identify strategies when faced with unfamiliar or challenging situations

  Elaborations

  • introducing the topics, such as fear, unfamiliar situations, change and challenge, and discussing how these situations make them feel and respond
  • interviewing family members, peers and others about ‘their first day of school,’ or other unfamiliar situations and acknowledging that everyone has fears
  • understanding that giving it a go and trying new things is important and can result in positive experiences and growth, and establishing when this has happened in the past

  VCPSCSE010 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 1 and 2 | Self-Awareness and Management | Development of resilience

• VCPSCSO012

  Listen to others’ ideas, and recognise that others may see things differently

  Elaborations

  • sharing with a partner things that they like to do and partner then retells the whole class comparing what is similar and what is different
  • providing students with a series of statements, such as cats are better than dogs or chocolate ice-cream is better than vanilla, ask students to share their opinion and provide a reason
  • discussing how opinions and thoughts may change after hearing others’ ideas, and that different views are not better or worse, just different

  VCPSCSO012 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 1 and 2 | Social Awareness and Management | Relationships and diversity

• VCPSCSO011

  Identify how families can have a range of relationships

  Elaborations

  • exploring the features of their family including who lives at home and name their relationships to each of these people
  • brainstorming what is a family’s role, such as providing love, support and food, and identify the family members who undertake these tasks
  • graphing class results showing the number of students who have brothers, sisters and pets

  VCPSCSO011 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 1 and 2 | Social Awareness and Management | Relationships and diversity

• VCRAU013

  Recognise questions, commands and simple sentences, and develop vocabulary for people, places and things in their personal world

  Elaborations

  • identifying people using pronouns
  • describing possession in familiar phrases
  • greeting and farewelling others
  • specifying location
  • describing actions using simple verbs
  • understanding different question words and the anticipated answer
  • using imperatives to tell others to do something
  • referring to numbers of things using cardinal numbers
  • describing the colour, size, shape and character of a person, place or thing
  • joining words or phrases using conjunctions
  • using negation

  VCRAU013 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCRAU017

  Notice that the languages people use and the way they use them relate to who they are and where and how they live

  Elaborations

  • recognise the countries and regions where the language is spoken
  • noticing similarities and differences between lifestyles and language use
  • exploring different cultural practices and related language use through games
  • recognising words that reflect aspects of culture
  • noticing that particular Australian-English terms and expressions may have no equivalent in the language, for example, 'footy' or 'lamington'

  VCRAU017 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCSIS053

  Use a range of methods, including drawings and provided tables, to sort information

  Elaborations

  • using matching activities, including identifying similar things, odd-one-out and opposites
  • sorting information in provided tables or graphic organisers
  • constructing column and picture graphs with teacher guidance to record gathered information

  VCSIS053 | Science | Foundation to Level 2 | Science Inquiry Skills | Recording and processing

• VCSSU042

  Living things have a variety of external features and live in different places where their basic needs, including food, water and shelter, are met

  Elaborations

  • recognising common features of animals, for example, head, legs and wings
  • describing the use of animal body parts for particular purposes, for example, moving and feeding
  • identifying common features of plants, for example, leaves and roots
  • recognising that different living things live in different places, for example, land and water
  • exploring what happens when habitats change and some living things can no longer have their needs met

  VCSSU042 | Science | Foundation to Level 2 | Science Understanding | Biological sciences

• VCSSU046

  Observable changes occur in the sky and landscape; daily and seasonal changes affect everyday life

  Elaborations

  • recording short and longer term patterns of events that occur on Earth and in the sky, for example, the appearance of the moon and stars at night, the weather and the seasons
  • linking changes in the daily weather to the way we modify our behaviour and dress for different conditions, including examples from different cultures
  • investigating how changes in the weather might affect animals such as pets, animals that hibernate, or migratory animals

  VCSSU046 | Science | Foundation to Level 2 | Science Understanding | Earth and space sciences

• VCSSU043

  Living things grow, change and have offspring similar to themselves

  Elaborations

  • representing personal growth and changes from birth
  • exploring the different characteristics of the life stages in animals, for example, butterflies or frogs

  VCSSU043 | Science | Foundation to Level 2 | Science Understanding | Biological sciences

• VCSSU045

  Everyday materials can be physically changed or combined with other materials in a variety of ways for particular purposes

  Elaborations

  • predicting and comparing how the shapes of objects made from different materials can be physically changed through different actions, for example, bending, stretching and twisting
  • investigating how food can be mixed to form different products, for example, jelly, ice cream or cake
  • suggesting why different parts of everyday objects such as toys and clothes are made from different materials
  • identifying materials that can be changed and remade or recycled into new products, for example, paper and plastic

  VCSSU045 | Science | Foundation to Level 2 | Science Understanding | Chemical sciences

• VCSSU048

  The way objects move depends on a variety of factors including their size and shape: a push or a pull affects how an object moves or changes shape

  Elaborations

  • observing the way different shaped objects move, such as balls, blocks and tubes
  • comparing the way different sized, but similar shaped, objects roll and bounce, such as tennis balls, golf balls, marbles and basketballs
  • observing how the movement of different living things depends on their size and shape
  • exploring how different strengths of pushes and pulls affect the movement of objects
  • identifying toys from different cultures that use the forces of push or pull

  VCSSU048 | Science | Foundation to Level 2 | Science Understanding | Physical sciences

• VCSSU041

  People use science in their daily lives

  Elaborations

  • monitoring information about the environment and Earth's resources, for example, rainfall, water levels and temperature
  • identifying the ways humans manage and protect resources, for example, reducing waste and conserving water

  VCSSU041 | Science | Foundation to Level 2 | Science Understanding | Science as a human endeavour