In Level 3, students increasingly use mathematical terms and symbols to describe computations, measurements and characteristics of objects.
Students recognise, model and order numbers to at least...
In Level 3, students increasingly use mathematical terms and symbols to describe computations, measurements and characteristics of objects.
Students recognise, model and order numbers to at least 10 000 and place four digit numbers on a number line with regard for scale. They partition and re-arrange to facilitate calculations involving addition and subtraction. Students have facility with single digit addition and related subtraction facts, and recall multiplication and related division facts for twos, threes, fives and tens. They formulate and solve simple multiplication and division problems, estimate answers and use technology to check calculations. Students group money to a specified value in several ways, and calculate change required in simple transactions. They model and represent multiples of unit fractions up to a whole, using arrays on a number line. They write simple rules for number patterns and generate those patterns.
Students use metric units of length, mass and capacity to measure, order and compare objects. They associate angle with measure of turn and compare angles in everyday situations. They tell the time in minutes and convert between units of time. They use simple grids in maps and identify symmetry.
Students carry out investigations, collect and organise data into categories and use different methods with and without technology to display the data. They conduct experiments involving chance, describe possible outcomes and recognise variability in results.
Number and Algebra
Students count and order numbers to and from 10 000. They recognise the connection between addition and subtraction, and solve problems using efficient strategies for multiplication with and without the use of digital technology. Students recall addition and multiplication facts for single-digit numbers. They represent money values in various ways and correctly count out change from financial transactions. Students model and represent unit fractions for halves, thirds, quarters, fifths and eighths, and multiples of these up to one. They classify numbers as either odd or even, continue number patterns involving addition or subtraction, and explore simple number sequences based on multiples.
Measurement and Geometry
Students use metric units for length, area, mass and capacity. They tell time to the nearest minute. Students identify symmetry in natural and constructed environments. They use angle size as a measure of turn in real situations and make models of three-dimensional objects. Students match positions on maps with given information and create simple maps.
Statistics and Probability
Students carry out simple data investigations for categorical variables. They interpret and compare data displays. Students conduct chance experiments, list possible outcomes and recognise variations in results.
In Level 4, students extend the number system to simple decimal fractions, and broaden their use of measures and scales.
Students model, represent and order numbers to tens of thousands, and extend...
In Level 4, students extend the number system to simple decimal fractions, and broaden their use of measures and scales.
Students model, represent and order numbers to tens of thousands, and extend place value to tenths and hundredths. They investigate odd and even numbers and explore number patterns based on multiples of 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Students develop facility with multiplication facts up to 10 x 10 and related division facts. They investigate simple equivalent fractions and count by halves, thirds and quarters, and locate corresponding elements on a number line. Students use simple decimals to solve money problems including total cost and change. They solve simple number sentences and word problems involving all four operations.
Students use scaled instruments with metric units to measure and compare length, mass, capacity and temperature. They compare shapes and objects using familiar metric units for area and volume, and compare angles with respect to a right angle. Students use 'am' and 'pm' notations, and solve simple time problems, including conversions between units of time. They construct new shapes by combining or splitting common shapes, and create symmetric patterns, pictures and shapes with and without the use of technology. They interpret and use basic maps with simple scales, directions and legends.
Students select and trial different methods for collecting data, including surveys. They construct suitable data displays with and without the use of technology, where there is a many-to-one relationship between elements of graphs and data, and evaluate the effectiveness of different displays. They identify relative likelihood of everyday events, and identify events that are mutually exclusive and events that are independent.
Number and Algebra
Students recall multiplication facts to 10 x 10 and related division facts. They choose appropriate strategies for calculations involving multiplication and division, with and without the use of digital technology, and estimate answers accurately enough for the context. Students solve simple purchasing problems with and without the use of digital technology. They locate familiar fractions on a number line, recognise common equivalent fractions in familiar contexts and make connections between fractions and decimal notations up to two decimal places. Students identify unknown quantities in number sentences. They use the properties of odd and even numbers and describe number patterns resulting from multiplication. Students continue number sequences involving multiples...
Number and Algebra
Students recall multiplication facts to 10 x 10 and related division facts. They choose appropriate strategies for calculations involving multiplication and division, with and without the use of digital technology, and estimate answers accurately enough for the context. Students solve simple purchasing problems with and without the use of digital technology. They locate familiar fractions on a number line, recognise common equivalent fractions in familiar contexts and make connections between fractions and decimal notations up to two decimal places. Students identify unknown quantities in number sentences. They use the properties of odd and even numbers and describe number patterns resulting from multiplication. Students continue number sequences involving multiples of single-digit numbers and unit fractions, and locate them on a number line.
Measurement and Geometry
Students compare areas of regular and irregular shapes, using informal units. They solve problems involving time duration. Students use scaled instruments to measure length, angle, area, mass, capacity and temperature of shapes and objects. They convert between units of time. Students create symmetrical simple and composite shapes and patterns, with and without the use of digital technology. They classify angles in relation to a right angle. Students interpret information contained in maps.
Statistics and Probability
Students describe different methods for data collection and representation, and evaluate their effectiveness. They construct data displays from given or collected data, with and without the use of digital technology. Students list the probabilities of everyday events. They identify dependent and independent events.
In Level 5, students extend decimal fractions to thousandths, and explore the ideas of factors, multiples and divisibility.
Students use estimation and rounding for all four operations, with and...
In Level 5, students extend decimal fractions to thousandths, and explore the ideas of factors, multiples and divisibility.
Students use estimation and rounding for all four operations, with and without the use of technology for calculation. They solve multiple digit problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication and division by single digit divisors with remainders. Students represent, compare and order unit fractions, and decimal fractions, and represent them on a number line. They construct simple budgets for familiar events and activities. They solve numbers sentences involving division, and create number patterns involving fractions and decimals.
Students choose and use suitable metric and other units for measurement of length, angle, area, volume, capacity and mass. They calculate the perimeter and area of rectangles, and construct specified angles using protractors and other relevant technologies. Students use 12 and 24 hour time systems, with measurements and conversions to seconds. They use grid reference systems to describe location and connect three-dimension objects with two-dimensional representations. They translate, reflect and rotate shapes with and without the use of technology, and identify point and line symmetries. They explore similarity of familiar shapes through enlargement.
Students pose questions to collect categorical and numerical data by observation and survey, and represent the data in a variety of ways with and without the use of technology. They describe and interpret data sets in context. Students recognise that probabilities are measured on a scale of 0 to 1 (inclusive), and represent the probability of events from simple experiments using fractions.
Number and Algebra
Students solve simple problems involving the four operations using a range of strategies including digital technology. They estimate to check the reasonableness of answers and approximate answers by rounding. Students identify and describe factors and multiples. They explain plans for simple budgets. Students order decimals and unit fractions and locate them on a number line. Students add and subtract fractions with the same denominator. They find unknown quantities in number sentences and continue patterns by adding or subtracting fractions and decimals.
Measurement and Geometry
Students use appropriate units of measurement for length, area, volume, capacity and mass, and calculate perimeter and area of rectangles and volume, and capacity of rectangular prisms. They...
Number and Algebra
Students solve simple problems involving the four operations using a range of strategies including digital technology. They estimate to check the reasonableness of answers and approximate answers by rounding. Students identify and describe factors and multiples. They explain plans for simple budgets. Students order decimals and unit fractions and locate them on a number line. Students add and subtract fractions with the same denominator. They find unknown quantities in number sentences and continue patterns by adding or subtracting fractions and decimals.
Measurement and Geometry
Students use appropriate units of measurement for length, area, volume, capacity and mass, and calculate perimeter and area of rectangles and volume, and capacity of rectangular prisms. They convert between 12 and 24-hour time. Students use a grid reference system to locate landmarks. They estimate angles, and use protractors and digital technology to construct and measure angles. Students connect three-dimensional objects with their two-dimensional representations. They describe transformations of two-dimensional shapes and identify line and rotational symmetry.
Statistics and Probability
Students pose questions to gather data and construct various displays appropriate for the data, with and without the use of digital technology. They compare and interpret different data sets. Students list outcomes of chance experiments with equally likely outcomes and assign probabilities as a number from 0 to 1.
In Level 6, students work with prime, composite, square and triangular numbers and carry out mental, written and technology based computation to solve whole number problems involving all four operations...
In Level 6, students work with prime, composite, square and triangular numbers and carry out mental, written and technology based computation to solve whole number problems involving all four operations. They explore everyday situations involving integers, and use a number line to represent them. They scale decimals by powers of ten, and add and subtract decimals with and without technology, and estimate their answers. Students calculate simple percentage discounts, multiply decimals by whole numbers, carry out divisions with terminating decimal remainders, and use simple fraction, decimal and percentage equivalences with and without technology. They create sequences involving whole numbers, fractions and decimals, describe their rules, and use brackets and order of operations to write number sentences involving multiple operations.
Students use decimals for metric measurement, convert between units, recognise the prefixes used in metric measurements, and relate and compare measures and units, including capacity and volume. They develop and use timetables. Students investigate combinations of transformations with and without technology, and use the Cartesian coordinate system to describe location in the plane. They investigate the sum of angles at a point on a line and vertically opposite angles.
Students carry out experiments involving chance with and without technology, compare variation in frequencies across experiments with expected frequencies, and use fractions, decimals and percentages to describe probabilities. They interpret a range of data displays, including those for two categorical variables, and interpret data presented in the media.
Number and Algebra
Students recognise the properties of prime, composite, square and triangular numbers and determine sets of these numbers. They solve problems that involve all four operations with whole numbers and describe the use of integers in everyday contexts. Students locate fractions and integers on a number line and connect fractions, decimals and percentages as different representations of the same number. They solve problems involving the addition and subtraction of related fractions. Students calculate a simple fraction of a quantity and calculate common percentage discounts on sale items, with and without the use of digital technology. They make connections between the powers of 10 and the multiplication and division of decimals. Students add, subtract and multiply decimals...
Number and Algebra
Students recognise the properties of prime, composite, square and triangular numbers and determine sets of these numbers. They solve problems that involve all four operations with whole numbers and describe the use of integers in everyday contexts. Students locate fractions and integers on a number line and connect fractions, decimals and percentages as different representations of the same number. They solve problems involving the addition and subtraction of related fractions. Students calculate a simple fraction of a quantity and calculate common percentage discounts on sale items, with and without the use of digital technology. They make connections between the powers of 10 and the multiplication and division of decimals. Students add, subtract and multiply decimals and divide decimals where the result is rational. Students write number sentences using brackets and order of operations, and specify rules used to generate sequences involving whole numbers, fractions and decimals. They use ordered pairs of integers to represent coordinates of points and locate a point in any one of the four quadrants on the Cartesian plane.
Measurement and Geometry
Students relate decimals to the metric system and choose appropriate units of measurement to perform a calculation. They solve problems involving time, length and area, and make connections between capacity and volume. Students interpret a variety of everyday timetables. They solve problems using the properties of angles and investigate simple combinations of transformations in the plane, with and without the use of digital technology. Students construct simple prisms and pyramids.
Statistics and Probability
Students interpret and compare a variety of data displays, including displays for two categorical variables. They analyse and evaluate data from secondary sources. Students compare observed and expected frequencies of events, including those where outcomes of trials are generated with the use of digital technology. They specify, list and communicate probabilities of events using simple ratios, fractions, decimals and percentages.
In Level 7, students work with powers of whole numbers, use index notation, represent numbers as products of powers of prime numbers, and investigate square roots of perfect squares. They use number...
In Level 7, students work with powers of whole numbers, use index notation, represent numbers as products of powers of prime numbers, and investigate square roots of perfect squares. They use number properties to assist with calculation and order, and to add and subtract integers. Students find equivalent fractions, represent positive and negative fractions and mixed numbers on a number line and add, subtract, multiply and divide fractions and decimals with and without the use of technology. They express one quantity as a fraction of another, round to a specified number of decimal places, and convert between fractions, decimals and percentages. They find percentages of quantities and one quantity as a percentage of another. They solve simple ratio problems and calculate best buys with and without the use of technology.
Students use variables to express relationships in real life data, and interpret and analyse corresponding graphs. They use pro-numerals to construct simple algebraic expressions and substitute numerical values into these. They solve simple linear equations and plot points on the Cartesian plane.
Students use formulas for calculating areas of triangles, rectangles and related shapes, and volumes of cubes and rectangular prisms. They form two-dimensional representations of prisms, buildings and other structures. They use simple combinations of transformations, with and without technology, to create geometric patterns and identify line and point symmetry, apply parallel line and transversal angle properties, angles sums in triangles and quadrilaterals, classify triangles and quadrilaterals, and construct them using compass and straight edge and dynamic geometry technology.
Students construct sample spaces for simple experiments involving chance, and assign probabilities to outcomes. They use data from primary and secondary sources to investigate issues of interest, and employ data displays such as dot plots and stem and leaf plots to compare data sets, and calculate measures of centre and simple measures of spread to analyse and interpret the data.
Number and Algebra
Students solve problems involving the order, addition and subtraction of integers. They make the connections between whole numbers and index notation and the relationship between perfect squares and square roots. They solve problems involving all four operations with fractions, decimals, percentages and their equivalences, and express fractions in their simplest form. Students compare the cost of items to make financial decisions, with and without the use of digital technology. They make simple estimates to judge the reasonableness of results. Students use variables to represent arbitrary numbers and connect the laws and properties of number to algebra and substitute numbers into algebraic expressions. They assign ordered pairs to given points on the Cartesian plane...
Number and Algebra
Students solve problems involving the order, addition and subtraction of integers. They make the connections between whole numbers and index notation and the relationship between perfect squares and square roots. They solve problems involving all four operations with fractions, decimals, percentages and their equivalences, and express fractions in their simplest form. Students compare the cost of items to make financial decisions, with and without the use of digital technology. They make simple estimates to judge the reasonableness of results. Students use variables to represent arbitrary numbers and connect the laws and properties of number to algebra and substitute numbers into algebraic expressions. They assign ordered pairs to given points on the Cartesian plane and interpret and analyse graphs of relations from real data. Students develop simple linear models for situations, make predictions based on these models, solve related equations and check their solutions.
Measurement and Geometry
Students use formulas for the area and perimeter of rectangles. They classify triangles and quadrilaterals and represent transformations of these shapes on the Cartesian plane, with and without the use of digital technology. Students name the types of angles formed by transversals crossing parallel lines and solve simple numerical problems involving these lines and angles. They describe different views of three-dimensional objects, and use models, sketches and digital technology to represent these views. Students calculate volumes of rectangular prisms.
Statistics and Probability
Students identify issues involving the collection of discrete and continuous data from primary and secondary sources. They construct stem-and-leaf plots and dot-plots. Students identify or calculate mean, mode, median and range for data sets, using digital technology for larger data sets. They describe the relationship between the median and mean in data displays. Students determine the sample space for simple experiments with equally likely outcomes, and assign probabilities outcomes.
In Level 8, students consolidate their proficiency with the four arithmetic operations, and combinations of these, for general computation involving natural numbers, integers and rational numbers...
In Level 8, students consolidate their proficiency with the four arithmetic operations, and combinations of these, for general computation involving natural numbers, integers and rational numbers, with and without the use of technology. They represent these numbers on the real number line. They extend the use of indices and develop the index laws using number examples. Students investigate the relationship between decimal and fraction representations of rational numbers (terminating and recurring decimals) and work with some irrational real numbers such as square roots and multiples and fractions of π (pi). They solve a range of problems involving ratios, proportions, percentages and rates, with and without the use of digital technologies.
Students generalise from number to algebra, and expand, factorise, simplify and substitute into simple algebraic expressions. They plot linear relations on the Cartesian plane, with and without the use of digital technology, solve linear equations and apply linear models.
Students convert between units for area and for volume, and solve problems involving duration using 12-hour and 24-hour time, within a given time zone. They develop and use formulas for calculating perimeters and areas of quadrilaterals and circles, and volumes of prisms, and solve related measurement problems.
Students use congruence and transformations to establish properties of plane shapes related to sides, angles and symmetry, and solve related problems.
Students use the logical connectives ‘not’, ‘and’, ‘or’ and ‘either … or’ to relate events to probabilities, and use Venn diagrams and two-way tables to calculate probabilities. They develop an understanding that probabilities range from 0 to 1 and that the sum of probabilities for events in a sample space is 1.
Students investigate and use various techniques for collecting data, including random sampling. They use digital technology to explore the variability of proportions and means in random samples drawn from a given population, and investigate the effect of individual data values, including outliers, on the measure of centre (average).
Number and Algebra
Students use efficient mental and written strategies to make estimates and carry out the four operations with integers, and apply the index laws to whole numbers. They identify and describe rational and irrational numbers in context. Students estimate answers and solve everyday problems involving profit and loss rates, ratios and percentages, with and without the use of digital technology. They simplify a variety of algebraic expressions and connect expansion and factorisation of linear expressions. Students solve linear equations and graph linear relationships on the Cartesian plane.
Measurement and Geometry
Students convert between units of measurement for area and for volume. They find the perimeter and area of parallelograms, rhombuses and kites. Students name the...
Number and Algebra
Students use efficient mental and written strategies to make estimates and carry out the four operations with integers, and apply the index laws to whole numbers. They identify and describe rational and irrational numbers in context. Students estimate answers and solve everyday problems involving profit and loss rates, ratios and percentages, with and without the use of digital technology. They simplify a variety of algebraic expressions and connect expansion and factorisation of linear expressions. Students solve linear equations and graph linear relationships on the Cartesian plane.
Measurement and Geometry
Students convert between units of measurement for area and for volume. They find the perimeter and area of parallelograms, rhombuses and kites. Students name the features of circles, calculate circumference and area, and solve problems relating to the volume of prisms. They make sense of time duration in real applications, including the use of 24-hour time. Students identify conditions for the congruence of triangles and deduce the properties of quadrilaterals. They use tools, including digital technology, to construct congruent shapes.
Statistics and Probability
Students explain issues related to the collection of sample data and discuss the effect of outliers on means and medians of the data. They use various approaches, including the use of digital technology, to generate simple random samples from a population. Students model situations with Venn diagrams and two-way tables and explain the use of 'not', 'and' and 'or'. Students choose appropriate language to describe events and experiments. They determine complementary events and calculate the sum of probabilities.
