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• Mathematics: Foundation Level achievement standards

  Number and Algebra

  Students connect number names and numerals with sets of up to 20 elements, estimate the size of these sets, and use counting strategies to solve problems that involve comparing, combining and separating these sets. They match individual objects with counting sequences up to and...

  Level description | Mathematics | Foundation Level

• Mathematics: Foundation Level description

  In Foundation level, students play with objects and draw pictures to develop links between their immediate environment, everyday language and mathematical activity.

  Students classify and sort objects into sets and form simple correspondences between them. They decide when two sets are of equal...

  Level description | Mathematics

• Mathematics Version 2.0: Foundation Level achievement standards

  By the end of Foundation, students make connections between number names, numerals and position in the sequence of numbers from zero to at least 20. They use subitising and counting strategies to quantify collections. Students compare the size of collections to at least 20. They partition...

  Level description | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level

• Mathematics Version 2.0: Foundation Level description

  In Foundation, learning in Mathematics builds on each student’s prior learning and experiences, including the learning opportunities acquired through the implementation of the Victorian Early Years Learning and Development Framework (VEYLDF). Students engage in a range of approaches to the...

  Level description | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0

• VC2MFA01

  follow a short sequence of instructions; recognise, copy, continue and create repeating patterns represented in different ways

  Elaborations

  • carrying out a specified sequence of actions to move an object from one location to another
  • playing a simple rule-based game, moving a specified number of places according to the result on a dice in a chance-based game
  • recognising, copying and describing different repeating patterns using materials, shapes, sounds and movements during activities and play; for example, making a bead necklace and describing the pattern they have created, such as ‘red, blue, green, red, blue, green, red, blue, green’, or copying repeating patterns of drumbeats or dance moves during music activities
  • recognising repeating patterns used at home and in daily activities to help make tasks easier or to solve problems; for example, setting the table to eat
  • recognising and describing repeating patterns that can be observed on Country/Place and in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander artwork, cultural performances and material cultures, for example, shell and seed necklaces, dances and songs

  VC2MFA01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Algebra

• VC2MFM01

  identify and compare attributes of objects and events, including length, capacity, mass and duration, use direct comparisons and communicate reasoning

  Elaborations

  • using language to describe the measurement attributes of length, mass, capacity and duration, and connecting the words with the appropriate attribute; for example, using words like ‘tall’, ‘short’, ‘wide’, ‘long’ and ‘high’ to describe the attribute of length
  • directly comparing pairs of objects to say which is longer/shorter, and explaining or demonstrating how they know; for example, standing back-to-back to determine who is taller or choosing to line up the bases of a spoon and fork to decide which is longer and explaining why
  • starting 2 events at the same time to decide which takes longer; for example, putting on a pair of sandals with buckles or Velcro, describing the duration using familiar terms and reasoning, ‘I took a longer time because I’m still learning to do up my buckles’
  • directly comparing pairs of everyday objects from the kitchen pantry to say which is heavier/lighter; for example, hefting a tin of baked beans and a packet of marshmallows or comparing the same pair of objects to say which is longer/shorter and discussing comparisons

  VC2MFM01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Measurement

• VC2MFM02

  sequence days of the week and times of the day, including morning, lunchtime, afternoon and night-time, and connect them to familiar events and actions

  Elaborations

  • ordering images of daily events on a string line across the room, and justifying the placement by referring to morning, lunchtime, afternoon and night-time
  • distinguishing between the days of the school week and weekends, and recognising that the days of the week form a sequence that repeats, with Monday always following on from Sunday
  • sequencing the events from a story in the order in which they occurred, using language like ‘this happened first’ then ‘this happened next’
  • creating, interpreting and discussing classroom rosters, for example, a roster for watering the classroom garden, and asking, ‘Who watered the garden yesterday?’ or ‘Whose turn is it today?’
  • creating a pictorial diary to show the important events that happen on the various days of the week

  VC2MFM02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Measurement

• VC2MFN06

  represent practical situations that involve equal sharing and grouping with physical and virtual materials and use counting or subitising strategies

  Elaborations

  • using materials to role-play equal sharing; for example, sharing pieces of fruit or a bunch of grapes between 4 people and discussing how you would know they have been shared equally; or, when playing card games where each player is dealt the same number of cards, counting the number of cards after the deal to ensure they have the same amount
  • representing situations that involve counting several items; for example, starting with 9 beads or 6 $1 coins and then sharing them equally between 3 people by subitising or counting each group by ones to decide how many beads or coins each person will receive
  • exploring instructive games of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples that involve sharing; for example, playing Yangamini of the Tiwi Peoples of Bathurst Island to investigate and discuss equal sharing

  VC2MFN06 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Number

• VC2MFN04

  partition and combine collections up to 10 using part-part-whole relationships and subitising to recognise and name the parts

  Elaborations

  • recognising numbers represented in physical or virtual ten-frames, and describing their reasoning: ‘It’s 7 because there is 5 there and 2 more’
  • partitioning collections of up to 10 objects in different ways and saying the part-part-whole relationship; for example, partitioning a collection of 6 counters into 4 counters and 2 counters and saying, ‘6 is 4 and 2 more, it’s 2 and 4’, then partitioning the same collection into 5 and 1 or 3 and 3
  • representing part-part-whole relationships in numbers up to 10 using physical or virtual materials; for example, identifying numbers represented by dots in standard number configurations such as on dominoes and dice by recognising parts that form the whole
  • exploring number groupings in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ counting systems and the different ways of representing these groupings to form and partition numbers, applying this to quantify collections of objects in the environment on Country/Place up to 10

  VC2MFN04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Number

• VC2MFN03

  quantify and compare collections to at least 20 using counting and explain or demonstrate reasoning

  Elaborations

  • establishing the language and process of counting, and understanding that each object must be counted only once, that the arrangement of objects does not affect how many there are and that the last number counted answers the question of ‘How many?’; for example, saying numbers in sequence while playing and performing actions
  • using counting to compare the size of 2 or more collections of like items to justify which collection contains more or fewer items
  • using counting and one-to-one correspondence to quantify the number of items required for a purpose; for example, when asked to collect enough scissors for each member of their group to have a pair, counting each member and using the total count to know how many to collect
  • discussing how different cultures may have alternative ways of representing the count; for example, discussing how some people of the Asia region use an abacus or Chinese hand gestures
  • using body-tallying that involves body parts and one-to-one correspondence from counting systems of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples to count to 20

  VC2MFN03 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Number

• VC2MFN02

  recognise and name the number of objects within a collection up to 5 using subitising

  Elaborations

  • recognising how many objects are in a collection or in images on a card with a quick look and saying the associated number without counting
  • playing instructive card games that rely on the recognition of numbers represented in different ways (for example, playing memory games, or matching pairs of quantities on dot cards or similar where the arrangement on each is different) or using subitising to compare and order collections and to say who has more when sharing items in a game

  VC2MFN02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Number

• VC2MFN05

  represent practical situations, including simple financial situations, involving addition, subtraction and quantification with physical and virtual materials and use counting or subitising strategies

  Elaborations

  • using role-play and materials to represent mathematical relationships in stories; for example, role-playing ‘Eight kangaroos were drinking at the river and 3 hopped away’, drawing a picture and using materials to represent the situation, discussing, and recording the result of the action with a numeral
  • role-playing or actively engaging in situations that involve quantifying or comparing collections of items or simple money transactions; for example, engaging with the question ‘Do we have enough scissors for our group so that each person has their own pair?’, or role-playing using $1 coins to pay for items in a shop where items are priced in whole dollars
  • representing situations expressed in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander stories, such as ‘Tiddalick, the greedy frog’, that describe additive situations and their connections to Country/Place
  • representing addition and subtraction situations found in leaf games involving sets of objects used to tell stories, such as games from the Warlpiri Peoples of Yuendumu in the Northern Territory

  VC2MFN05 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Number

• VC2MFN01

  name, represent and order numbers, including zero to at least 20, using physical and virtual materials and numerals

  Elaborations

  • responding to a request to collect a quantity of objects or reading a numeral and selecting the associated quantity of items from a collection to match the number required; for example, collecting 9 paintbrushes after hearing the word ‘nine’
  • recognising the order in the sequence of numbers to 20 and identifying the number that is ‘one less’ than a given number and the number that is ‘one more’; for example, playing instructive card games that involve reading and ordering number cards, or using counting songs, storybooks and rhymes to establish the forwards and backwards counting sequence of numbers in the context of active counting activities
  • understanding and using terms to indicate ordinal position in a sequence; for example, filling in the missing term in ‘first’, ‘second’, ‘third’, … ‘fifth’ …, or creating a number track using cards with the numerals zero to 20 and describing positions using terms such as ‘first’, ‘last’, ‘before’, ‘after’ and ‘between’
  • recognising, writing and reading numerals written on familiar objects; for example, recognising and reading numerals in images, text or illustrations in storybooks, or writing a numeral on a container as a label to show how many objects it contains
  • connecting quantities to number names and numerals when reading and reciting stories and playing counting games or determining and reasoning about the size of sets of objects within Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ instructive games, for example, Segur etug from Mer Island in the Torres Strait region

  VC2MFN01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Number

• VC2MFSP01

  sort, name and create familiar shapes; recognise and describe familiar shapes within objects in the environment, giving reasons

  Elaborations

  • sorting a collection of shapes into groups based on different features, such as the number of sides, colour or size, and describing how they have been sorted
  • creating a picture using a variety of shapes and a range of materials, including objects to trace around, describing the shapes they have created or used and sharing why they chose each shape in their picture
  • creating familiar shapes using groups of people; for example, holding hands and creating a circle
  • recognising and naming shapes that are (close to) rectangles, squares, triangles and circles in component parts of everyday items, for example, on bicycles, toy vehicles or kitchen pantry items
  • describing and naming shapes within objects that can be observed on Country/Place, recreating and sorting into groups based on their shape

  VC2MFSP01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Space

• VC2MFSP02

  describe the position and location of themselves and objects in relation to other people and objects within a familiar space

  Elaborations

  • describing the position of an item in relation to other items in the space using language like ‘inside’, ‘underneath’ and ‘on top of’; for example, when asked ‘Where are the scissors kept?’, responding with ‘They are in a box, on the bottom shelf at the back of the classroom’
  • describing where they have moved themselves and items in relation to other items within a space, using familiar terms; for example, playing a hiding game and when asked ‘Where did you hide the ball?’, responding, ‘I hid it behind the garbage bin over there near the bench’
  • exploring Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander instructive games, for example, Thapumpan from the Wik-Mungkan Peoples of Cape Bedford in northern Queensland, describing position and movement of self in relation to other participants, objects or locations

  VC2MFSP02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Space

• VC2MFST01

  collect, sort and compare data represented by objects and images in response to given investigative questions that have only 2 outcomes and relate to familiar situations

  Elaborations

  • using data displays to answer simple questions such as ‘How many students answered “yes” to having pets?’
  • collecting and deciding how to organise data to answer yes/no questions; for example, in relation to the question ‘Do more people in our class today have shoes with laces than without?’, explaining that lining up and matching shoes with and without laces one-to-one will answer the question
  • collecting data through everyday activities or events and sorting the collected data; for example, sorting toys into categories such as ‘toys that move’ and ‘toys that don’t move’
  • creating classroom charts and rosters using stickers to represent data; and comparing and interpreting the representations
  • investigating statistical contexts after reading a story; for example, after reading The Waterhole by Graeme Base, asking and responding to questions like ‘What different animals did you see?’, ‘How many different types of animals were there?’ or ‘Were there more tigers or kangaroos?’
  • exploring what and how information from the environment is collected and used by Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples to predict weather events

  VC2MFST01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Statistics

• VCMMG082

  Describe position and movement

  Elaborations

  • interpreting the everyday language of location and direction, such as ‘between’, ‘near’, ‘next to’, ‘forwards’, ‘towards’
  • following and giving simple directions to guide a friend around an obstacle path and vice versa

  VCMMG082 | Mathematics | Foundation Level | Measurement and Geometry | Location and transformation

• VCMMG079

  Compare and order the duration of events using the everyday language of time

  Elaborations

  • knowing and identifying the days of the week and linking specific days to familiar events
  • sequencing familiar events in time order

  VCMMG079 | Mathematics | Foundation Level | Measurement and Geometry | Using units of measurement

• VCMMG081

  Sort, describe and name familiar two-dimensional shapes and three-dimensional objects in the environment

  Elaborations

  • sorting and describing squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, spheres and cubes

  VCMMG081 | Mathematics | Foundation Level | Measurement and Geometry | Shape

• VCMMG080

  Connect days of the week to familiar events and actions

  Elaborations

  • choosing events and actions that make connections with students’ everyday family routines

  VCMMG080 | Mathematics | Foundation Level | Measurement and Geometry | Using units of measurement