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• VCITC086

  Create bilingual texts that reveal aspects of Australian culture for Italian-speaking audiences and vice versa

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual texts for Italian speakers in Australia, for example, leaflets about recommended goods and services for students, businesspeople, a sports team or senior citizens arriving from Italy
  • creating bilingual signage for an event, bilingual captions for a display, or bilingual text for a discussion board

  VCITC086 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCITC116

  Participate in individual and collective action by deciding, explaining and justifying

  Elaborations

  • participating in planning and decision making with others, for example, arranging an event, class debate, performance, excursion or guest speaker, or organising a petition or a letter to the principal/local council (Devo/Dobbiamo organizzare … Cosa dobbiamo fare? Chi invitiamo? Bisogna [+ infinitive]. Vuoi venire al dibattito con me? Come possiamo convincere il comune a … ? Scriviamo una lettera per convincere il preside a … )
  • expressing, contrasting and comparing views on particular expectations and issues such as the use of social media at school, by writing blogs, emails and letters, for example, sono d’accordo, non sono d’accordo; vorrei dare la mia opinione

  VCITC116 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCITC115

  Initiate and sustain interaction to develop relationships with peers and adults, and to exchange and compare ideas, experiences, opinions and feelings

  Elaborations

  • sharing experiences and describing events, expressing hopes, opinions and ambitions, and giving reasons for plans, for example, Penso di [+ infinitive]; preferisco…e tu?; E tu, cosa pensi? Sono d’accordo con te/lei …; Sei d’accordo? Non m’interessa; Puoi venire a …? No, devo studiare / Non ora. Oggi … A presto. Divertiti!
  • narrating past experiences and events of significance, for example, holidays, special events, travel (prima … poi … dopo … infine …)

  VCITC115 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCITC087

  Reflect on participation in intercultural exchange, taking responsibility for contributing to mutual understanding

  Elaborations

  • exchanging correspondence with peers, reviewing and adapting own contribution when meaning is not clear, for example, providing further explanation or an alternative way of expressing an idea, for example, Intendo dire che … Sottolineo l’importanza di …
  • considering own and others’ responses and reactions in Italian–English intercultural exchange, questioning assumptions and values
  • creating texts to share with Italian peers, considering how own cultural practices and values may be interpreted, for example, ways of showing respect, family taboos, or involvement in religious, sport or community organisations
  • reflecting on and explaining practices that need to be considered when communicating across Italian- and English-speaking languages and cultures
  • considering how their own behaviour may be interpreted by Italians in Italy and in the diaspora
  • analysing correspondence with Italian peers to notice what questions are asked about lifestyle and practices in Australia, and reflecting on own questions and the assumptions these reveal

  VCITC087 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCITC125

  Interact in Italian with the teacher, peers and others, and exchange reactions and responses to ideas, issues and experiences being discussed

  Elaborations

  • noticing differences between Italian and English ways of communicating which involve cultural dimensions, for example, when corresponding with an Italian peer and analysing the other student's references to aspects of culture, particularly the language choices the student makes such as E tu, cosa ne pensi …?
  • decentering from their own primary linguistic and cultural world to reflect on being a communicator and user of Italian in a variety of social situations, considering their own positioning and values in relation to others
  • reinterpreting own experiences of using and learning Italian across diverse experiences: listening to/reading others’ perspectives and language use, comparing and connecting these to own experiences, forming an opinion and articulating own reactions to another person’s responses, and recognising comfort/discomfort in the use of language in interactions with diverse others, for example, Sono d’accordo. Mi sento a disagio
  • developing a metalanguage for discussing ideas, issues and experiences related to intercultural communication

  VCITC125 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCITC118

  Use classroom language to question, elicit and offer opinions, and compare and discuss ideas

  Elaborations

  • using communication strategies such as questioning further or asking for repetition or clarification, for example, Scusi, non ho capito; puoi/potresti ripetere? Puoi aiutarmi a [+ infinitive]?
  • participating in reflective activities and evaluations of classroom experiences, for example, Perché/come mai …? È giusto? Secondo te …? Forse …, Dal mio punto di vista …, A mio avviso …, Penso che sia …, Sono sicuro che …, È chiaro che …

  VCITC118 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCITC085

  Translate a range of texts and discuss how to convey concepts across different linguistic and cultural contexts

  Elaborations

  • analysing texts such as signs and considering the lack of equivalence in translation, for example, le maschere della Commedia dell’Arte, l’abito bianco nel matrimonio, il vestito nero, i riti del funerale, la visita domenicale al cimitero, I “fiori dei morti”
  • reading and listening to multiple interpretations of the same text and to different perspectives within texts in Italian (for example, reading messages on a particular theme on social media sites, emails, blogs and wikis), and sharing understanding of cultural meanings and opinions
  • reflecting on their own experiences of the process of translating
  • using strategies to maintain the integrity of meaning of original texts when translating and interpreting for different audiences, for example, considering the use of register, colloquialisms and idioms, and explaining culture-specific concepts such as ‘the outback’ or ‘slip, slop, slap’

  VCITC085 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCITU095

  Analyse how linguistic choices construct and reflect ideas, practices and values, and consider how these influence the exchange of meaning

  Elaborations

  • identifying specific expressions that reflect cultural concepts in different experiences and texts, for example, sono in pausa pranzo, faccio il pisolino, Andiamo a prendere un aperitivo
  • reflecting on how linguistic choices of different language users might be interpreted by speakers of Italian
  • explaining how certain sentence structures reveal differences in social status, cultural background and generation, for example, use of voi form instead of Lei in Nonno, cosa pensate di questo?
  • keeping a journal to record perceptions of how using and learning Italian has impacted on their own assumptions about Italian language and culture
  • noticing that people’s choice of language in interactions reflects their cultural situatedness/positioning

  VCITU095 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCITU128

  Extend knowledge of and use more complex features and patterns of the Italian grammatical system, including possessive, reflexive, demonstrative and relative pronouns; irregular and reflexive verbs; and comparatives and superlatives

  Elaborations

  • learning how to use:
    
    • articles — rules for inclusion or omission, for example, mio padre and il mio papà; Buongiorno signora… È la signora …
      
    • nouns — irregular plurals (for example, la città/le città, il dito/le dita), and collective nouns, for example, la gente
      
    • pronouns — possessive, reflexive, demonstrative and relative
      
    • comparatives and superlatives (regular and irregular) to make descriptions more precise, for example, Il film è piu bello del romanzo; è bellissimo
      
    • adverbs of time and manner, for example, ieri, di solito
      
    • prepositions (articulated or simple) to indicate destinations and directions, for example, in Italia, a Roma, al parco
      
    • interrogatives, for example, Chi …? Quando …? Come…?
      
    • verbs indicating action in the present (including irregular verbs and reflexives) and action across time: present perfect; imperfect; exposure to the future and conditional tenses and impersonal si; use of modals to indicate ability/willingness/necessity
      
    • compound sentences (for example, Mi piace la pizza ma preferisco le lasagne), and complex sentences, for example, La città che ho visitato era bellissima

  VCITU128 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCITU090

  Extend grammatical knowledge, including present, past and future tenses, and the conditional and subjunctive mood, to interpret and create meaning in texts

  Elaborations

  • introducing additional information when describing actions, people and objects by using a range of prepositions, including articulated prepositions and special uses of a, di and da, for example, Pratico il nuoto da 6 anni. Hai una faccia da schiaffi! Fatto a mano!
  • using pronouns to refer to the person carrying out an action or to refer to somebody or something, including personal pronouns (use, position and elusion), reflexive pronouns, direct and indirect object pronouns, relative pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, possessive pronouns, and the use of the impersonal si, ci/vi, ne
  • using adverbs and adverbial phrases of manner, place and time to modify the meaning of verbs and adjectives, for example, proprio, troppo, abbastanza, specialmente, soprattutto, spesso, quasi mai, nemmeno, neanche
  • describing events across different times, choosing appropriate tenses, including present, present perfect, imperfect and future tenses, conditional and the subjunctive mood
  • connecting or elaborating clauses by using conjunctions, including siccome, invece, sebbene, nonostante, anche, dunque, quindi, cioè
  • using cohesive devices to link, clarify, contrast, relate or sequence ideas and modify meaning in written and spoken texts, for example, Non avevo più soldi, quindi sono tornato a casa
  • developing metalanguage to extend discussions of word order, tenses and verb moods, using terms such as ‘adverbs’, ‘pronouns’, ‘conditional’ and ‘subjunctive’, for example, How do we form the present perfect tense of a reflexive verb? What is meant by the subjunctive and when is it used?

  VCITU090 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCITU127

  Understand and use the features of Italian sound and written systems, including pronunciation, stress and intonation in increasingly complex structures and texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising some common interjections, for example, oh!, e?, cioè, ahimè, ohimè, uffa!
  • recognising the differences in pronunciation of words with similar spelling, for example, sùbito, subito
  • comparing and contrasting the pronunciation of similar-sounding words using text-to-speech software or the audio option of word-processing programs
  • recognising common cognate words in speech, for example, organizzazione, programmare, arrivare
  • identifying and interpreting sounds and textual features and devices such as onomatopoeia, repetition, simile and metaphor, and understanding how they are used to express emotion and convey attitudes
  • analysing personal interactions and audiovisual texts such as films to understand how tone, gesture and body language support meaning
  • recognising the difference between anglicised and Italian pronunciation

  VCITU127 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCITU132

  Compare and contrast aspects of communication and the relationship among languages used in the ecology of languages in Australia, including Aboriginal languages and Torres Strait Islander Languages, Asian languages and world languages

  Elaborations

  • analysing examples of Italian used in the Australian context (for example, by compiling a record of language observed in the community, noting the contexts or domains in which these occur), and comparing own observations with others’
  • discussing the choices made by bilingual users of language about which language to use when, and the influences on such choices
  • researching the changing nature of languages in contemporary Australia, and considering how it relates to issues such as migration

  VCITU132 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCITU129

  Analyse the features of a range of spoken, written and multimodal texts, recognising grammatical structures, cohesion and coherence

  Elaborations

  • comparing procedural, recount and persuasive texts in Italian and English (for example, recipes, advertisements and weather reports) and describing their similarities and differences
  • understanding the elements that create coherence at a whole text level such as the use of cohesive devices, linked paragraphs and sequencing of ideas

  VCITU129 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCITU089

  Use appropriate Italian pronunciation, stress and intonation in increasingly complex sentences and texts

  Elaborations

  • developing control of consonant and vowel combinations, double consonants, intonation, stress and accents when reading aloud
  • recognising that pronunciation, intonation, rhythm and pace assist in making meaning in interactions and applying this knowledge to own communication, for example, in reading stories to young children, asking questions, expressing emotion, exclamations and commands

  VCITU089 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCITU092

  Investigate how language varies according to context and speakers

  Elaborations

  • comparing texts created for different audiences, such as advertisements, brochures and signs for urban and rural communities or different regions, noticing how the language reflects ideas and concerns that are important to different communities
  • analysing differences in lexis and syntax between regional uses of Standard Italian and dialect
  • exploring texts associated with particular subgroups in Italian communities (for example, children, youth, women, the elderly, rappers, police, athletes) to understand how groups develop their own language and how this influences membership
  • analysing degrees of formality in correspondence and dialogue to discover features of language that affect formality, for example, the use of the subjunctive (Qualunque cosa vuoi, non fare complimenti. Qualunque cosa Lei voglia, non faccia complimenti)

  VCITU092 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCITU130

  Analyse lexical and grammatical choices made in a range of texts in different contexts to develop an understanding that language use varies in the contexts of situation and culture

  Elaborations

  • analysing the appropriateness of language choices for a given context and purpose according to age, relationship and gender, for example, the context of use for phrases such as non mi va as compared to non mi piace
  • analysing differences in communicative style between formal and informal interactions, for example, Come va? Come stai?
  • noticing changes in style, lexicon and grammatical structures, observing how the same facts may be communicated differently by different people in different contexts, for example, describing a school assignment (Non sono stato/a promosso/a; Sono stato/a bocciato/a)

  VCITU130 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCITU091

  Analyse and apply linguistic, cultural and textual features of specific text types

  Elaborations

  • using knowledge of text types in Italian to analyse different texts, for example, a narrative, letter, recipe, message or report
  • comparing Italian and English versions of particular text types, noticing any differences
  • using knowledge of text types to create texts that respect the conventions

  VCITU091 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCITU093

  Recognise how Italian language and culture have evolved and how they continue to change over time due to influences such as changing contexts and intercultural contact

  Elaborations

  • develop awareness of the ecology of languages in local settings by collecting examples of Italian used in the local landscape, such as in particular parts of the city or at markets, and discussing how phenomena might be explained, for example, by noticing the demographics of a particular suburb or noticing the use of Australo-Italian
  • investigating trends in the use of dialects and Standard Italian (for example, by interviewing members of Italian communities to discuss contexts in which dialects and/or Standard Italian are used) and reflecting on hybrid language use, particularly in the context of the diaspora
  • exploring the dynamic nature of language, such as the influence of English in Italian, to express concepts and practices in areas such as music, technology and popular culture, for example, cliccare, digitare, formattare, autostop, autogrill, il manager, la leader
  • analysing samples of Italian language captured in different contexts in which Italian is used, and identifying influences of other languages and cultures

  VCITU093 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCITU131

  Analyse and understand the dynamic nature of Italian (and languages in general) recognising the impact of technology, media and intercultural contact

  Elaborations

  • developing awareness of the Latin origins of the Italian language and other Indo-European languages, how Italian has developed as a language, and the use of dialects
  • researching the use of dialects within the context of Italian-speaking communities (for example, by developing a portfolio of examples, gathered through interviews, blogs, community radio and events), considering the use of dialect and/or Standard Italian, and reflecting on the findings
  • observing changes over time in levels of formality, particularly in spoken Italian such as forms of address, for example, tu/Lei compared to voi/Loro
  • exploring, expanding and consolidating word usage using online applications relating to proverbs, sayings and set phrases

  VCITU131 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCITU133

  Reflect on intercultural exchanges and the ways in which language is used to establish relationships, indicate social values and enhance reciprocity

  Elaborations

  • examining the link between language and cultural values and practices evident in Italy, for example, the appreciation of things of beauty and style expressed by the concept of la bella figura; the connotations of the concept of mammone
  • examining how their own language and culture influence their responses to others
  • analysing and discussing language choices by asking, for example, Who uses this expression and where? Why is it meaningful? Why is it used?
  • evaluating own and others’ assumptions and generalisations about values, beliefs, cultural norms and practices of Italian-speaking communities and how these influence intercultural exchange
  • sharing own responses in class to a given topic and comparing with those of others, reflecting on how different people are perceived through their use of language and the way it reflects values and beliefs
  • understanding how language and culture convey values such as, respect, for example, Cosa ne pensi? Sei d’accordo? È giusto? In Australia invece … A differenza di …

  VCITU133 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture