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• VCEBR011

  Examine the ways consumers and producers respond to and influence each other in the market, particularly through price mechanism

  Elaborations

  • investigating how consumers rely on businesses to meet their needs and wants
  • identifying and creating a list of who is involved in the market system in Australia
  • explaining the influence of buyers and sellers on prices and how markets enable the distribution and allocation of resources, including examining how businesses answer questions of what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce
  • examining how businesses respond to the demands of consumers, such as preferences for healthy options, environmentally friendly packaging or organic food
  • considering how consumers might influence producers in other countries to provide goods and services, such as those in the Asia region
  • describing how goods and services are produced

  VCEBR011 | The Humanities | Economics and Business | Levels 7 and 8 | Resource Allocation and Making Choices

• VCEBW017

  Describe the nature and investigate the influences on the work environment

  Elaborations

  • investigating present influences on the ways people work, such as technological change, outsourced labour in the global economy, rapid communication changes
  • identifying changes to the workforce over time, such as the jobs available, the way individuals or communities value particular work, career length and human resource development
  • predicting changes to work in the future and possible outcomes, for example, ‘What could be the effect of a changing attitude to work–life balance or the decline of some industries?’

  VCEBW017 | The Humanities | Economics and Business | Levels 7 and 8 | Work and Work Futures

• VCEBW016

  Consider the ways in which work can contribute to individual and societal wellbeing

  Elaborations

  • exploring ways that work can affect an individual’s self-esteem, material and non-material living standards and happiness
  • investigating the ways work affects the economy such as avoiding poverty (relative and absolute), productivity, and generating income

  VCEBW016 | The Humanities | Economics and Business | Levels 7 and 8 | Work and Work Futures

• VCECD018

  Discuss the role of context and experience in ethical decision-making and actions

  Elaborations

  • discussing the impact of experience on the decisions of a character in response to ethical problems over the course of a narrative, for example, Lockie Leonard
  • investigating why people may apply different reasoning in different circumstances , for example, in situations involving friends or strangers, work or leisure, or different places or cultures
  • using examples of acts to investigate whether there are exceptions to claims such as ‘failure is never good’, ‘fighting is always wrong’, ‘selfishness is never good’, ‘caring is always good’ and considering the importance of context and experience in justifications for exceptions, for example, failure of a physical challenge versus a medical operation, fighting a war versus fighting in a brawl, aiming to win a game versus maximising profit, and doing something for someone when they are injured versus not injured

  VCECD018 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Decision Making and Actions

• VCECD017

  Explore the extent of ethical obligation and the implications for thinking about consequences and duties in decision-making and action

  Elaborations

  • placing a range of acts on a continuum from strictly obligatory to ‘above and beyond the call of duty’, and comparing the reasons for and implications of the placements, for example, giving up a full-time job to help family/friends/strangers, obeying rules/the law, handing in small/large amounts of found money, fighting in a war to protect your own country/a neighbouring or far or poor country/a country that has helped you in the past, volunteering at school/in the community, giving first aid at an accident, rescuing people who have disobeyed safety signs
  • discussing the views of a range of major religious traditions and non-religious world views on ethical obligation, to inform a response to an ethical issue, for example responding to global people movements or armed conflict
  • discussing a philosophical view on ethical obligation, for example those of Peter Singer in relation to poverty, and the kind of community change that would occur if those views were followed

  VCECD017 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Decision Making and Actions

• VCECU016

  Investigate criteria for determining the relative importance of matters of ethical concern

  Elaborations

  • identifying the ethical issues involved in a land use proposal and investigating reasons people from different groups give for what they believe to be the most important ethical consideration
  • using if…then reasoning to consider and test proposed criteria for determining ethical significance, for example, ‘if this proposed criterion (such as financial cost, extent of harm /benefit to individuals/groups, dispositions/past actions of individuals or groups involved) were to be the most important, then the consequences would be…, and this matters /doesn’t matter because…’

  VCECU016 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding Concepts

• VCECU015

  Investigate why ethical principles may differ between people and groups, considering the influence of cultural norms, religion, world views and philosophical thought

  Elaborations

  • researching contemporary or historically significant people across a range of cultures and identifying and comparing the principles evident in the decision-making and actions of, for example, William Barak, Nelson Mandela, Malala Yousafzai, Aung San Suu Kyi
  • exploring a cultural norm concerning, for example, the importance of winning, maximizing profit or teamwork, and how this may influence a decision about where duties lie or what is the best outcome
  • investigating instances where individual action differed from the wider group, and the reasons for these differences, for example, in response to discrimination, corruption or bullying

  VCECU015 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding Concepts

• VCECU014

  Explore the contested meaning of concepts including freedom, justice, and rights and responsibilities, and the extent they are and should be valued by different individuals and groups

  Elaborations

  • exploring the meaning of justice by proposing and evaluating criteria that might be used for justice, such as what is deserved, adherence to laws or maximising the common good
  • comparing and evaluating two conceptions of freedom: the absence of anything that prevents you achieving what you want, and the ability to control your own interests (self- determination); and whether the harm principle should be used to limit freedom, as part of a study of an issue concerning freedom of speech, or freedom of action (such as restrictions to gambling or alcohol consumption)
  • using a range of examples, such as drink driving, to examine whether there are more important rights and responsibilities than others, whether rights are means or ends and the extent to which reasons involving rights do and should outweigh other reasons for actions

  VCECU014 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding Concepts

• VCELA369

  Understand and explain how the text structures and language features of texts become more complex in informative and persuasive texts and identify underlying structures such as taxonomies, cause and effect, and extended metaphors

  Elaborations

  • learning about the structure of the book or film review and how it moves from context description to text summary and then to a text judgment

  VCELA369 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA383

  Understand how modality is achieved through discriminating choices in modal verbs, adverbs, adjectives and nouns

  Elaborations

  • observing and discussing how a sense of certainty, probability and obligation is created in texts

  VCELA383 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Writing | Language

• VCELA382

  Recognise and understand that subordinate clauses embedded within noun groups/phrases are a common feature of written sentence structures and increase the density of information

  Elaborations

  • identifying and experimenting with a range of clause types and discussing the effect of these in the expression and development of ideas

  VCELA382 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Writing | Language

• VCELA381

  Understand the use of punctuation to support meaning in complex sentences with prepositional phrases and embedded clauses

  Elaborations

  • discussing how qualifying statements add meaning to opinions and views in spoken texts

  VCELA381 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Writing | Language

• VCELA391

  Understand the way language evolves to reflect a changing world, particularly in response to the use of new technology for presenting texts and communicating

  Elaborations

  • exploring languages and dialects through building webcam relationships with schools across Australia and Asia
  • investigating changes in word use and meaning over time and some of the reasons for these changes, for example the influence on spelling and vocabulary of new forms of communication like texting, emoticons and email

  VCELA391 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA384

  Understand how to use spelling rules and word origins to learn new words and how to spell them

  Elaborations

  • using Greek and Latin roots, base words, suffixes, prefixes, spelling patterns and generalisations

  VCELA384 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Writing | Language

• VCELA368

  Understand how language is used to evaluate texts and how evaluations about a text can be substantiated by reference to the text and other sources

  Elaborations

  • defending points of view in reading circle discussions
  • responding to points of view by developing and elaborating on others’ responses
  • building a knowledge base about words of evaluation, including words to express emotional responses to texts, judgment of characters and their actions, and appreciation of the aesthetic qualities of text

  VCELA368 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA371

  Investigate vocabulary typical of extended and more academic texts and the role of abstract nouns, classification, description and generalisation in building specialised knowledge through language

  Elaborations

  • identifying abstract nouns in a response to a literary text, noting those that are similar in meaning and how they demonstrate understanding of features of the text, for example characters

  VCELA371 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA380

  Understand that the coherence of more complex texts relies on devices that signal text structure and guide readers, for example overviews, initial and concluding paragraphs and topic sentences, indexes or site maps or breadcrumb trails for online texts

  Elaborations

  • analysing the structure of media texts such as television news items and broadcasts and various types of newspaper and magazine articles
  • writing structured paragraphs for use in a range of academic settings such as paragraph responses, reports and presentations

  VCELA380 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Writing | Language

• VCELA370

  Analyse how point of view is generated in visual texts by means of choices, including gaze, angle and social distance

  Elaborations

  • comparing choices for point of view in animations, advertisements and other persuasive texts
  • comparing how different advertisements use visual elements to advertise the same product
  • experimenting with digital storytelling conventions to create personal reflections on shared experiences

  VCELA370 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA392

  Understand how accents, styles of speech and idioms express and create personal and social identities

  Elaborations

  • building a database of local idioms and their meanings, accents and styles of speech for different contexts, exploring the possibilities of these choices in drama and role play, and discussing their connection with personal and social identities
  • developing dialogues authentic to characters in comics, cartoons and animations

  VCELA392 | Curriculum content | English | Level 7 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELC158

  Convey and present information and ideas on a range of topics in different types of texts and modes

  Elaborations

  • responding to questions on a variety of topics for a range of purposes, for example, a report on a holiday destination, comparing travel brochures and itineraries, identifying transport and accommodation options, costs, and places of interest, for example, Πόσο μακριά είναι η Ακρόπολη από το Λυκαβηττό; Σε αυτή την εκδρομή μπορούμε να επισκεφθούμε πολλά ιστορικά μέρη
  • presenting findings from interviews with peers in own class or in Greek-speaking classes and settings, using formats such as profile posters, charts and timelines, for example, Πόσα μέλη έχει η οικογένειά σου; Πόσες γλώσσες μιλούν ή μαθαίνουν τα παιδιά στην Αυστραλία;
  • summarising and conveying the main points of texts, deducing the meaning of some unknown words and phrases, and identifying known cultural references, images and other content which contribute to the overall meaning, for example, images of the Acropοlis and the symbol of the owl, or the olive wreath representing peace and the Olympic Games
  • organising and presenting information for a Greek-speaking audience, for example, a web page describing and explaining leisure activities of young people in Australia
  • reporting in either a journal/diary entry or article for a school magazine on own and others’ experiences of events such as a concert, school camp, excursion or new educational computer game

  VCELC158 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing