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• VCEALL236

  Apply common conventions when copying or writing texts

  Elaborations

  • writing legibly and consistently in different contexts and using different implements
  • writing from left to right and top to bottom
  • using ruled lines to guide writing on the page

  VCEALL236 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL663

  Link ideas using a range of basic cohesive devices

  Elaborations

  • using an expanding range of coordinating conjunctions (such as ‘and’, ‘but’, ‘so’), for example ‘I caught the bus and then walked to the pool so I could go swimming’
  • using a range of common subordinating conjunctions (such as ‘since’, ‘because’, ‘before’), for example ‘Because it was getting dark, we left before the show finished’
  • creating short chains of reference using pronouns, for example ‘The doctor … she ... her patients …’
  • using pronouns in more complex sentences, although sometimes creating ambiguity, for example ‘Dad found my dog and he was so happy’

  VCEALL663 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL622

  Use a small variety of text types for curriculum areas

  Elaborations

  • understanding and using structural features of some texts used in different curriculum areas, such as procedures, reports, formal speeches
  • following a logical structure when producing spoken texts, for example with an introduction, sequenced information, conclusion

  VCEALL622 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL649

  Use syntactic, logical and cultural cues to work out the meaning of unknown words in a text

  Elaborations

  • using other information in the text, such as syntactical patterns (for example the arrangement of words in sentences ‘The boy jumped happily’ and ‘The boy happily jumped’), consistent use of words and cultural cues to deduce meanings
  • drawing on home language knowledge of culture to deduce meanings of words or phrases

  VCEALL649 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL022

  Express simple negation with varying accuracy

  Elaborations

  • expressing negation using ‘no’ or ‘not’ with some errors, for example ‘I no like vegetable’, ‘I not go’
  • using ‘no’ or ‘not’ with adjectives or nouns to express negative forms, such as ‘No hot today’, ‘Not me’

  VCEALL022 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL109

  Repeat or modify a sentence or phrase, modelling rhythm, intonation and pronunciation on the speech of others

  Elaborations

  • imitating and rehearsing pronunciation, stress and intonation patterns used by the teacher and peers for a range of interactions and text types
  • saying familiar sentences fluently, with phrasing modelled on other speakers
  • modifying familiar sentences to incorporate personal details, for example ‘I like to play soccer’, ‘I like to play footy’

  VCEALL109 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL026

  Recognise and use words from lexical sets related to immediate communicative need, interest or experience

  Elaborations

  • use common words related to immediate needs, such as colours, numbers, days, family- and school-specific word sets
  • using a single word for a variety of purposes, for example using ‘book’ to mean ‘This is my book’, ‘Where is her book?’, ‘I’d like to borrow that book’
  • referring to classroom charts and personal vocabulary lists to identify, clarify and rehearse words
  • using a range of strategies to learn new words and phrases, such as private rehearsal, personal vocabulary lists, use in own speech and writing

  VCEALL026 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL019

  Construct simple subject–verb–object sentences that mostly use present tense

  Elaborations

  • constructing basic sentences using subject–verb–object word order, but with non-standard word forms, for example ‘We buy house’
  • constructing short, simple statements showing subject–verb relations with varying accuracy, such as ‘He sick’, ‘Students go’

  VCEALL019 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL149

  Use a variety of simple text structures

  Elaborations

  • relying on templates or model texts for organisational structure, for example using an introduction, body paragraphs and a conclusion
  • copying topic sentences or parts of sentences to support idea generation and to structure writing
  • reflecting the vocabulary and structure of spoken English in print texts
  • using a variety of simple text structures, such as a title, an opening, an ending, a caption
  • using basic conjunctions and connectives to show time and sequence, such as ‘On Saturday I … We went … We saw … I went ... Then I ... And then ...’

  VCEALL149 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCELA086

  Know their written name (as a grapheme) and match the letters in their name

  Elaborations

  • matching letters that are the same
  • recognising that letters and numbers are different
  • learning to speak and communicate using simple sentence starters

  VCELA086 | Curriculum content | English | Level C | Writing | Language

• VCELA098

  Recognise the beginning sounds of familiar words

  Elaborations

  • matching images to objects
  • recognising objects or images that begin with the same or a similar sound
  • copying and imitating words and sounds using voice or alternative and augmentative communication

  VCELA098 | Curriculum content | English | Level C | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA024

  Use sounds and facial expressions to affect familiar others

  Elaborations

  • encountering various languages and forms of communication at home, school and in the community
  • experiencing others engaging, communicating and changing things in the world around them
  • reacting to the sounds and voices of familiar others
  • reacting to a range of gestures, signs, images and facial features of familiar others
  • using sounds, noises, gestures, eye gaze etc. to gain attention or request an object, e.g. reaching towards something they want
  • turning towards a communication partner

  VCELA024 | Curriculum content | English | Level A | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA060

  Recognise ways to gain and maintain attention

  Elaborations

  • gaining the attention of others through gestures, facial expressions, sounds and movements
  • interacting with a familiar adult by attending and making eye contact for extended periods of time
  • refining their behaviour and actions based on the response of others (cause and effect)
  • developing a small repertoire of predictable and consistent responses

  VCELA060 | Curriculum content | English | Level B | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA051

  Recognise that text can be attached to images and recognise that people pause when talking and communicating

  Elaborations

  • attending to written texts attached to images within their environment
  • learning that objects can be represented by an image or text
  • communicating using a word/image to request an object
  • pausing to wait for a response after a communication
  • learning about taking turns in communication

  VCELA051 | Curriculum content | English | Level B | Writing | Language

• VCELA017

  Experience people writing, speaking and communicating using various modes

  Elaborations

  • experiencing speech being broken down into different sounds
  • reacting to interactive and multimodal texts
  • exploring a range of sounds and movements, including facial expression and gesture

  VCELA017 | Curriculum content | English | Level A | Writing | Language

• VCELA025

  Respond to a familiar person and engage with them

  Elaborations

  • being exposed to individuals interpreting their actions and sounds
  • experiencing people reacting and engaging with each other and them
  • learning to control their behaviour, e.g. moving, making sounds,
  • making eye contact, sound or gesture towards a familiar other during a communicative process
  • gaining another’s attention through sounds and or action
  • communicating physical need, for example hungry or tired through sounds and/or action

  VCELA025 | Curriculum content | English | Level A | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA028

  Respond to different sounds and words used in everyday experiences

  Elaborations

  • being exposed to people communicating and playing with words
  • being exposed to a variety of different rhymes, syllables and sounds
  • observing the connection between everyday words and objects
  • reacting to familiar voices and preferred sounds

  VCELA028 | Curriculum content | English | Level A | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA061

  Demonstrate a number of ways to indicate a choice

  Elaborations

  • selecting a preferred object, or requesting a drink through gestures, facial expressions, sounds and movements
  • learning that gestures can indicate needs or choices, for example reaches towards a familiar person/object

  VCELA061 | Curriculum content | English | Level B | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA121

  Copy own name and recognise some of the letters within it, and understand that pausing is presented as a full stop in written text

  Elaborations

  • learning that each letter has two symbols, a capital and lowercase symbol
  • recognising the capital letter of their name in other contexts
  • understanding what a full stop looks like
  • locating full stops in text

  VCELA121 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Writing | Language

• VCELA111

  Know that a letter can be the same but look different, including capital and lower-case letters, and match some letters with their sound and name

  Elaborations

  • recognising the individual letters of their name
  • experiencing the individual letters of the alphabet, their name letter and common sounds
  • identifying their name as starting with a capital letter

  VCELA111 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Reading and Viewing | Language