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• VCCCC007

  Describe the different cultural, religious and/or social groups to which they and others in the community may belong

  Elaborations

  • describe cultural, religious and/or social groups to which they and others in the community may belong and explain how belonging can shape personal identity
  • listing and comparing the different purposes, beliefs, traditions and symbols used by groups
  • recognising that the identity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in Australia is shaped by Country/Place, language and knowledge traditions

  VCCCC007 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 3 and 4 | Citizenship, Diversity and Identity

• VCCCC006

  Investigate why and how people participate within communities and cultural and social groups

  Elaborations

  • identifying groups in the local community and exploring their purpose
  • investigating ways they could participate in a school or community project, for example raising money for a local or regional aid project that they have studied, or helping reduce pollution
  • discussing the motivations of people who have contributed to communities, for example local community volunteers, leaders and elders

  VCCCC006 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 3 and 4 | Citizenship, Diversity and Identity

• VCCCG002

  Identify how and why decisions are made democratically in communities

  Elaborations

  • making a decision as a whole class by allowing everyone to have a say and a vote
  • conducting role plays which allow for equal presentation of viewpoints about a citizenship topic

  VCCCG002 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 3 and 4 | Government and Democracy

• VCCCG001

  Identify features of government and law and describe key democratic values

  Elaborations

  • listing the key features of government
  • creating a concept map of democratic values using examples

  VCCCG001 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 3 and 4 | Government and Democracy

• VCCCG003

  Explain the roles of local government and some familiar services provided at the local level

  Elaborations

  • investigating what local government does, including the services it provides such as libraries, health, environment and waste, parks, pools and sport, arts, and pet management
  • describing how local government services may affect the lives of students
  • using online sources to identify local government services

  VCCCG003 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 3 and 4 | Government and Democracy

• VCCCL005

  Distinguish between rules and laws and discuss why rules and laws are important

  Elaborations

  • distinguishing between ‘laws’ (for example speeding in school zones) and ‘rules’ (for example sun safety in the school)
  • explaining the purpose of laws and recognising that laws apply to everyone in society
  • discussing examples of laws and why they are important to students’ lives

  VCCCL005 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 3 and 4 | Laws and Citizens

• VCCCL004

  Explain how and why people make rules

  Elaborations

  • identifying how some rules can protect the rights of others, for example rules in the classroom
  • identifying who has the authority to make rules, for example at school or in a sporting club
  • investigating and explaining cultural norms behind some rule making, such as removing shoes before entering places of cultural significance

  VCCCL004 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 3 and 4 | Laws and Citizens

• VCGGC072

  Identify and describe locations and spatial distributions and patterns

  Elaborations

  • using geographical tools, such as a globe, wall map or electronic atlas, to locate the states and territories, major cities and regional centres in their own state, and then naming them
  • identifying the pattern of population distribution across Australia
  • identifying and locating examples of the main climatic types in Australia and the world, for example, equatorial, tropical, arid, semi-arid, temperate and Mediterranean

  VCGGC072 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGC074

  Collect and record relevant geographical data and information from the field and other sources

  Elaborations

  • using contemporary issues reported in the media to initiate questions about the sustainable use of resources and collect related data and information
  • brainstorming ways that data might be collected and recorded, choosing, with teacher guidance, the most effective method for a given investigation
  • using maps, ground and aerial photographs and satellite images or a digital application, such as NASA Worldwind or Google Earth, to identify, locate and describe different types of settlements or to explore the extent of vegetation in an area
  • interviewing people about their feelings and attachment to places
  • acquiring geographical information from schools in geographically contrasting parts of Australia and/or neighbouring countries

  VCGGC074 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCGGC075

  Represent data and the location of places and their characteristics by constructing tables and simple graphs and maps of appropriate scale that conform to cartographic conventions of border, scale, legend, title and north point

  Elaborations

  • creating tables or picture and column graphs to show patterns in data collected from observations or other sources about the similarities and differences between places
  • using maps of vegetation for Australia, Africa and South America to compare the most common types of vegetation in each continents
  • making a plan of the classroom or home, using pictorial symbols
  • annotating a map to show selected natural and human characteristics of Australia, Africa or South America using the appropriate cartographic conventions including map symbols and north point
  • constructing maps to show the features of places, using basic cartographic conventions including map symbols and north point

  VCGGC075 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCGGC073

  Identify and explain the interconnections within places and between places

  Elaborations

  • identifying the main types of natural vegetation, including forest, savannah, grassland, woodland and desert, and explaining the relationship between climate and natural vegetation
  • describing how natural processes can break down and recycle some wastes safely. For example, through composting or purifying water as it moves through the environment
  • exploring how vegetation produces the oxygen all land animals (including people) breathe, protects land from erosion by water or wind, retains rainfall, provides habitat for animals, shelters crops and livestock, provides shade for people, cools urban places, produces medicines, wood and fibre, and can make places appear more attractive
  • investigating and comparing what it would be like to live in a place with a climate different to their own place
  • recognising that the distribution of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples before colonisation was concentrated in more productive areas such as in the coastal and riverine areas of Australia

  VCGGC073 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGC076

  Interpret maps and other geographical data and information to develop identifications, descriptions, explanations and conclusions, using geographical terminology including simple grid references, compass direction and distance

  Elaborations

  • constructing tables or graphs to show the similarities and differences between places, and discussing possible reasons for them
  • discussing and comparing how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples may represent places and their features visually, for example, in paintings and sand drawings, and identifying the symbols and patterns used.
  • comparing a range of thematic maps, for example, maps of relief, climate, vegetation, animals and bird life to find relationships
  • using geographical terms to explain relationships, for example between the environment and sustaining life
  • describing the relative location of different features in a place by distance and compass direction. For example, from their home to the local waste management site

  VCGGC076 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCGGC071

  Identify and describe the characteristics of places in different locations at a range of scales

  Elaborations

  • identifying the major natural features of Australia, such as rivers, deserts, rainforests, the Great Dividing Range and the Great Barrier Reef and describing them with annotations on a map
  • researching the main types of natural vegetation and native animals in a climate zone in Australia and comparing them with those found in a similar climate in Africa or South America
  • identifying and locating examples of the main climatic types in Australia and the world, for example, equatorial, tropical, arid, semi-arid, temperate and Mediterranean
  • discussing the similarities and differences in the types of work and other activities people do in their own place with a different type of place in Australia and a place in another country

  VCGGC071 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGK081

  Main climates of the world and the similarities and differences between the climates of different places

  Elaborations

  • discussing how weather contributes to a climate type and identifying the difference between climate and weather
  • identifying and locating the broad climatic zones of the world: hot, temperate and polar
  • identifying and locating examples of the main climatic types in Australia and the world, for example, equatorial, tropical, arid, semi-arid, temperate and Mediterranean
  • investigating and comparing what it would be like to live in a place with a climate different to their own place

  VCGGK081 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCGGK082

  Types of natural vegetation and the significance of vegetation to the environment, the importance of environments to animals and people, and different views on how they can be protected; the use and management of natural resources and waste, and different views on how to do this sustainably

  Elaborations

  • exploring how vegetation produces the oxygen all land animals (including people) breathe, protects land from erosion by water or wind, retains rainfall, provides habitat for animals, shelters crops and livestock, provides shade for people, cools urban places, produces medicines, wood and fibre, and can make places appear more attractive
  • explaining how people’s connections with their environment can also be aesthetic, emotional and spiritual
  • describing how natural processes can break down and recycle some wastes safely. For example, through composting or purifying water as it moves through the environment
  • investigating where a particular renewable natural resource comes from and how it is used, what sustainable use of this resource might mean and comparing a strategy to reduce the use of the resource (for example, recycling paper) with a strategy to increase the output of this resource (for example, planting more trees)
  • visiting a national park and discussing different views on development in the park

  VCGGK082 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCGGK083

  Similarities and differences in individuals’ and groups’ feelings and perceptions about places, and how they influence views about the protection of these places

  Elaborations

  • reading and viewing poems, songs, paintings and stories concerning people’s feelings about places as part of an exploration of the factors that influence views on the protection of places
  • discussing why it is important to protect places that have special significance for people. For example, a wetland, a site sacred to Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples , a national park or a World Heritage site
  • designing actions that people could take to protect and improve places in the local area that people perceive as important and discussing the likely reactions of different groups of people to these ideas

  VCGGK083 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCGGK084

  Similarities and differences between places in terms of their type of settlement, demographic characteristics and the lives of the people who live there

  Elaborations

  • exploring different types of settlement, and classifying them into hierarchical categories, for example, isolated dwellings, outstations, isolated communities, villages, towns, regional centres and large cities
  • investigating the diversity of people who live in their place, using census data on age, birthplace, ancestry, language, religious affiliation, family composition or household composition, comparing them with the people in another place in Australia, and discussing their results
  • discussing the similarities and differences in the types of work and other activities people do in their own place with a different type of place in Australia and a place in another country
  • examining the similarities and differences between their daily lives and those of young people in a place outside Australia and discussing what it would be like to live in these places
  • proposing possible actions that could promote awareness about the similarities and differences between particular places and discussing reasons for raising this awareness

  VCGGK084 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCGGK080

  The many Countries/Places of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples throughout Australia, and the custodial responsibility they have for Country/Place, and how this influences views about sustainability

  Elaborations

  • investigating how the Australian continent was (and still is) divided into many Aboriginal Countries and Torres Strait Islander Places, drawing on languages maps, geographical features and other sources such as Traditional Owners
  • compare the characteristics of two Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Countries/Places. For example, where students live and one elsewhere in Australia
  • exploring how oral traditions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were used to describe Country/Place
  • recognising that the distribution of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples before colonisation was concentrated in more productive areas such as in the coastal and riverine areas of Australia and investigating how Aboriginal people were able to trade across the continent
  • investigating how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ ways of living were adapted to the resources of their Country/Place. For example, the alpine country of the Ngarigo People, the rainforests, beaches and dunes of the KuKu Yalanji People, the desert country of the Arrernte People, the savannah country of the Jawoyn People, the riverine plains of the Wiradjuri People, and the local Country/Place

  VCGGK080 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCGGK078

  Location of Australia’s neighbouring countries and the diverse characteristics of their places

  Elaborations

  • using a globe to locate New Zealand, the Pacific Island nations, Papua New Guinea, Timor-Leste and Indonesia, labelling them on a map, and identifying the direction of each country from Australia
  • describing the similarities and differences between their local place and places in neighbouring countries in their natural and human characteristics

  VCGGK078 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments

• VCGGK079

  Representation of Australia as states and territories, and Australia’s major natural and human characteristics

  Elaborations

  • using geographical tools, such as a globe, wall map or digital application like Google Earth, to locate the states and territories, major cities and regional centres in their own state, and then naming them
  • identifying the major natural features of Australia, such as rivers, deserts, rainforests, the Great Dividing Range and the Great Barrier Reef and describing them with annotations on a map
  • identifying the pattern of population distribution across Australia

  VCGGK079 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 3 and 4 | Geographical Knowledge | Diversity and significance of places and environments