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• VCNRU067

  Recognise that the language being studied has evolved, that changes have occurred through the ages, and consider factors that have influenced this change

  Elaborations

  • understanding that there may be different forms of the written language being studied, used in different contexts dating from the ancient world to today
  • recognising that meanings of particular words and expressions can originate from earlier times

  VCNRU067 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCPSCSE036

  Discuss the range of strategies that could be used to cope with difficult tasks or changing situations

  Elaborations

  • defining resilience and adaptability and give examples of how they are displayed
  • understanding that people experience situations uniquely, that people may react differently to the same situation
  • compiling a list of strategies to guide responses to challenging moments in life

  VCPSCSE036 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Self-Awareness and Management | Development of resilience

• VCPSCSE034

  Describe how and why emotional responses may change in different contexts

  Elaborations

  • identifying the range of possible emotions in different scenarios and explore how these may be managed
  • identifying triggers that evoke different emotions
  • using ‘what if’ questions to explore a scenario to identify changing emotional responses

  VCPSCSE034 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Self-Awareness and Management | Recognition and expression of emotions

• VCNRU101

  Understand that the language being studied continues both to influence and change through interaction with other languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • understanding that the language is a language of a particular country and is also spoken in language-speaking communities
  • exploring and discussing the influence of the language on English using strategies to work out meanings of unknown words, and considering why word borrowing occurs across languages
  • recognising loan words from English that are used in the language and other words used in the language that have been borrowed from other languages and discussing why these words have been borrowed

  VCNRU101 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCCCTR039

  Examine how to select appropriate criteria and how criteria are used in clarifying and challenging arguments and ideas

  Elaborations

  • examining arguments for and against a proposal such as changes to the law related to compulsory wearing of a bike helmet and clarifying whether each argument uses the same or different criteria and how this affects the ability to meaningfully compare the arguments
  • comparing the clarity of ideas formed with and without criteria and discussing their usefulness, for example comparing the quality of feedback that would be received against given criteria with an open response
  • identifying considerations that influence selection of criteria, such as considering the nature of the “horror” genre when identifying criteria to compare works within the “horror” genre

  VCCCTR039 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Reasoning

• VCCCTQ033

  Suspend judgements temporarily and consider how preconceptions may limit ideas and alternatives

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on whether any preconceptions such as safety or ‘price point’ can be used to test the quality of ideas
  • challenging the inclusion of a feature of an object taken for granted, such as a lid on toothpaste tubes, and how this expands ideas for product innovations
  • investigating an issue such as improvements to liveability of another place, and exploring how differences in places mean that preconceptions should be suspended
  • identifying their preconceptions about a particular text and considering the influence of these preconceptions on how they react to an adaptation of the text, for example to a film adaptation of a novel
  • exploring barriers and enablers for the greater inclusion of voices, for example in issues concerning lowering the voting age or setting gender quotas and how greater or less inclusion might affect the range of useful ideas

  VCCCTQ033 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Questions and Possibilities

• VCCCTM042

  Consider how problems can be segmented into discrete stages, new knowledge synthesised during problem-solving and criteria used to assess emerging ideas and proposals

  Elaborations

  • discussing common stages in problem-solving or inquiry and proposing and justifying a particular sequence, for example for a fieldwork investigation
  • adjusting problem-solving in light of new knowledge, for example finding evidence of vested interests in collected sources
  • identifying an appropriate type of investigation, for example experimentation, fieldwork, or research of secondary sources and planning each of its stages, with annotations to justify the proposed plan

  VCCCTM042 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Meta-Cognition

• VCNRU066

  Understand how language use varies according to context, purpose, audience and mode of delivery, and how language choices, such as shifting from a formal style to informal style, may signal changes in social settings

  Elaborations

  • identifying linguistic features used in different types of text, for example, different greetings and levels of formality expressed in conversations, speeches, emails and electronic text messages
  • identifying differences in language, register and style in a range of contexts, for example, in songs, graffiti and event invitations
  • understanding that different situations require different levels of politeness depending on the context and the speaker
  • recognising that there are linguistic choices to ensure appropriate interaction, for example, when giving directions

  VCNRU066 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCICCB013

  Analyse the dynamic nature of own and others cultural practices in a range of contexts

  Elaborations

  • examining how a similar cultural practice can be expressed differently in other contexts, for example, compare the celebration of Christmas in commercial, cultural and religious contexts
  • analysing how a range of different cultural practices developed and how they may have changed, for example, comparing women’s roles over the past hundred years at home and at work, exploring changing influences of technology in popular music, discussing changes to religious observance, such as eating fish on Friday
  • exploring why people want to preserve their cultural practices, including linguistic, artistic and culinary traditions and investigating an example of cultural preservation
  • discussing possible consequences when cultural practices are not maintained, for example, changes to language practices in successive generations of migrant communities
  • exploring cultural issues in historical contexts such as the impact of a dominant culture, language, belief or legal system, for example during the Columbian Exchange

  VCICCB013 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Cultural Practices

• VCICCB014

  Examine how various cultural groups are represented, by whom they are represented, and comment on the purpose and effect of these representations

  Elaborations

  • using journal entries to collate, identify and critically explore generalisations and stereotypes from media sources, including television, radio and social media
  • examining the concepts of generalisations and stereotypes through a range of different representations of cultural groups, for example, positive and negative representations of Australians or by examining Australian tourism campaigns across different decades
  • analysing media coverage of a current issue and exploring the way different groups are represented
  • removing, rewriting, replacing or changing the racial identifiers in a short newspaper article, letter to the editor or political cartoon, and reflecting on ways that representations of stereotypes can be challenged

  VCICCB014 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Cultural Practices

• VCCCTR037

  Investigate when counter examples might be used in expressing a point of view

  Elaborations

  • discussing whether exceptions to a rule affect its strength, for example in testing technological solutions and considering the number of times the solution failed and how it failed
  • identifying reasons for seeking counter examples in evaluating arguments, for example to mitigate confirmation bias, or to identify the limits of a claim

  VCCCTR037 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Reasoning

• VCNRU102

  Identify connections between language, culture and communication, recognising how communication styles and practices vary across cultures and how intercultural exchange involves the exchange of meaning as well as words

  Elaborations

  • investigating own personal and community practices to identify connections with the target language and culture, for example, in cooking, sport, music, dance or technology
  • discussing elements of culture and their significance in reflecting values, attitudes and traditions
  • discussing, questioning and explaining understanding of own and other cultures, and considering how attitudes towards diversity and difference affect communication
  • examining culturally specific terms developing appropriate explanations for them and discussing equivalent terms in other languages

  VCNRU102 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCCCTQ034

  Synthesise information from multiple sources and use lateral thinking techniques to draw parallels between known and new solutions and ideas when creating original proposals and artefacts

  Elaborations

  • identifying how scientists collaborate and may use natural forms as an inspiration to solve a problem, for example using the structure of humpback whale fins to develop and improve wind turbines
  • creating a set of words and images of simple objects that can be shuffled, selected at random and linked to the problem at hand, to stimulate thinking when experiencing a creativity block
  • discussing how acquiring data from a range of sources can improve the range of proposed digital solutions
  • investigating the similarities between algorithms used for different purposes, and synthesising this information into a more general algorithm for broader applications

  VCCCTQ034 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Questions and Possibilities

• VCPSCSO040

  Recognise the impact of personal boundaries, intimacy, distribution of power and social and cultural norms and mores on the ways relationships are expressed

  Elaborations

  • defining what personal space and boundaries might be for individuals and recognising both the positive and negative impacts of crossing these boundaries
  • discussing whether successful relationships have agreed criteria for intimacy and other behaviours and exploring the implications if these are not adhered to
  • looking at what society deems to be socially acceptable/unacceptable in the way relationships are expressed and how this changes over time, across cultures and across different settings

  VCPSCSO040 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Social Awareness and Management | Relationships and diversity

• VCCCTQ032

  Consider how to approach and use questions that have different elements, including factual, temporal and conceptual elements

  Elaborations

  • identifying whether questions about a prequel or main film or written text should be answered first and explaining why
  • discussing the importance of defining key terms in a question, identifying them and explaining which should be defined first, for example when investigating daily lives of people in Ancient Greece
  • using the purpose of an inquiry to consider choices that can be made when constructing questions about it, for example, sustainable food production techniques in Australia

  VCCCTQ032 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Questions and Possibilities

• VCECD017

  Explore the extent of ethical obligation and the implications for thinking about consequences and duties in decision-making and action

  Elaborations

  • placing a range of acts on a continuum from strictly obligatory to ‘above and beyond the call of duty’, and comparing the reasons for and implications of the placements, for example, giving up a full-time job to help family/friends/strangers, obeying rules/the law, handing in small/large amounts of found money, fighting in a war to protect your own country/a neighbouring or far or poor country/a country that has helped you in the past, volunteering at school/in the community, giving first aid at an accident, rescuing people who have disobeyed safety signs
  • discussing the views of a range of major religious traditions and non-religious world views on ethical obligation, to inform a response to an ethical issue, for example responding to global people movements or armed conflict
  • discussing a philosophical view on ethical obligation, for example those of Peter Singer in relation to poverty, and the kind of community change that would occur if those views were followed

  VCECD017 | Capabilities | Ethical Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Decision Making and Actions

• VCICCD016

  Evaluate the ways in which the community demonstrates the value it places on cultural diversity, and why this valuing of cultural diversity is important to the community

  Elaborations

  • exploring how councils or Governments support community commemorations and celebrations, such as Chinese New Year
  • identifying buildings or spaces that are used for cultural gatherings/meeting or religious purposes, such as libraries, theatres, community halls, prayer rooms, churches and mosques
  • discussing the ways in which different community members participate in events held across the year, such as annual fairs and music events, or by looking into the services or programs offered at libraries, in your local paper or within the school
  • using Australian Bureau of Statistics census data to create a presentation that tracks changes to the cultural composition in the local community over time and use an online service such as Trove (National Library of Australia) to uncover images or newspaper articles to include in the presentation
  • asking students to imagine they are coordinating a local event and to outline the steps they would take to show the value placed on including culturally diverse community members

  VCICCD016 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Cultural Diversity