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• VCELA333

  Understand that the pronunciation, spelling and meanings of words have histories and change over time

  Elaborations

  • recognising that a knowledge of word origins is not only interesting in its own right, but that it extends students’ knowledge of vocabulary and spelling
  • exploring examples of words in which pronunciation, writing and meaning has changed over time, including words from a range of cultures

  VCELA333 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA312

  Understand how to use banks of known words, syllabification, spelling patterns, word origins, base words, prefixes and suffixes, to spell new words, including some uncommon plurals

  Elaborations

  • learning that many complex words were originally hyphenated but have become ‘prefixed’ as in ‘uncommon’, ‘renew’ ‘email’ and ‘refine’
  • talking about how suffixes change over time and new forms are invented to reflect changing attitudes to gender, for example ‘policewoman’, ‘salesperson’; ‘air hostess’/‘steward’ or ‘flight attendant’

  VCELA312 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELT316

  Understand, interpret and experiment with sound devices and imagery, including simile, metaphor and personification, in narratives, shape poetry, songs, anthems and odes

  Elaborations

  • discussing how figurative language including simile and metaphor can make use of a comparison between different things, for example ‘My love is like a red, red rose’, ‘Tyger!, Tyger! burning bright, In the forests of the night’, and how by appealing to the imagination, it provides new ways of looking at the world
  • investigating the qualities of contemporary protest songs, for example those about Indigenous peoples and those about the environment

  VCELT316 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Literature

• VCELY332

  Use a range of software including word processing programs to construct, edit and publish written text, and select, edit and place visual, print and audio elements

  Elaborations

  • writing letters in print and by email, composing with increasing fluency, accuracy and legibility and demonstrating understanding of what the audience may want to hear

  VCELY332 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Literacy

• VCELA323

  Understand the difference between main and subordinate clauses and that a complex sentence involves at least one subordinate clause

  Elaborations

  • knowing that the function of complex sentences is to make connections between ideas, such as: to provide a reason (for example 'He jumped up because the bell rang.'), to state a purpose (for example 'She raced home in order to confront her brother.'), to express a condition (for example 'It will break if you push it.'), to make a concession (for example 'She went to work even though she was not feeling well.'), to link two ideas in terms of various time relations (for example 'Nero fiddled while Rome burned.')

  VCELA323 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCELY338

  Participate in informal debates and plan, rehearse and deliver presentations for defined audiences and purposes incorporating accurate and sequenced content and multimodal elements

  Elaborations

  • planning a report on a topic, sequencing ideas logically and providing supporting detail, including graphics, sound and visuals to enhance audience engagement and understanding

  VCELY338 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Speaking and Listening | Literacy

• VCELT327

  Create literary texts that experiment with structures, ideas and stylistic features of selected authors

  Elaborations

  • drawing upon fiction elements in a range of model texts - for example main idea, characterisation, setting (time and place), narrative point of view; and devices, for example figurative language (simile, metaphor, personification), as well as non-verbal conventions in digital and screen texts - in order to experiment with new, creative ways of communicating ideas, experiences and stories in literary texts

  VCELT327 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Literature

• VCELA309

  Understand how texts vary in purpose, structure and topic as well as the degree of formality

  Elaborations

  • becoming familiar with the typical stages and language features of such text types as: narrative, procedure, exposition, explanation, discussion and informative text and how they can be composed and presented in written, digital and multimedia forms

  VCELA309 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELY318

  Navigate and read imaginative, informative and persuasive texts by interpreting structural features, including tables of content, glossaries, chapters, headings and subheadings and applying appropriate text processing strategies, including monitoring meaning, skimming and scanning

  Elaborations

  • bringing subject and technical vocabulary and concept knowledge to new reading tasks
  • selecting and using texts for their pertinence to the task and the accuracy of their information
  • using word identification, self-monitoring and self-correcting strategies to access material on less familiar topics, skimming and scanning to check the pertinence of particular information to the topic and task
  • reading a wide range of imaginative, informative and persuasive texts for pleasure and to find and use information

  VCELY318 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Literacy

• VCELA321

  Understand that the starting point of a sentence gives prominence to the message in the text and allows for prediction of how the text will unfold

  Elaborations

  • observing how writers use the beginning of a sentence to signal to the reader how the text is developing (for example 'Snakes are reptiles. They have scales and no legs. Many snakes are poisonous. However, in Australia they are protected')

  VCELA321 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCELA322

  Understand how the grammatical category of possessives is signalled through apostrophes and how to use apostrophes with common and proper nouns

  Elaborations

  • learning that in Standard Australian English regular plural nouns ending in ‘s’ form the possessive by adding just the apostrophe (for example ‘my parents' car’)
  • learning that in Standard Australian English for proper nouns a variant form without the second ‘s’ is sometimes found (for example ‘James’s house’ or ‘James’ house’)

  VCELA322 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCELA325

  Understand the use of vocabulary to express greater precision of meaning, and know that words can have different meanings in different contexts

  Elaborations

  • moving from general, ‘all-purpose’ words, for example ‘cut’ to more specific words, for example ‘slice’, ‘dice’, ‘fillet’, ‘segment’

  VCELA325 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCELA335

  Understand how to move beyond making bare assertions and take account of differing perspectives and points of view

  Elaborations

  • recognising that a bare assertion (for example 'It's the best film this year') often needs to be tempered by: using the 'impersonal it' to distance oneself (for example 'It could be that it is the best film this year'); recruiting anonymous support (for example 'It is generally agreed that it is the best film this year.'); indicating a general source of the opinion (for example 'Most critics agree that it is the best film this year.'); specifying the source of the opinion (for example 'David and Margaret both agree that it is the best film this year') and reflecting on the effect of these different choices

  VCELA335 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA334

  Understand that patterns of language interaction vary across social contexts and types of texts and that they help to signal social roles and relationships

  Elaborations

  • identifying ways in which cultures differ in making and responding to common requests, for example periods of silence, degrees of formality

  VCELA334 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELY317

  Show how ideas and points of view in texts are conveyed through the use of vocabulary, including idiomatic expressions, objective and subjective language, and that these can change according to context

  Elaborations

  • identifying the narrative voice (the person or entity through whom the audience experiences the story) in a literary work, discussing the impact of first person narration on empathy and engagement

  VCELY317 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Literacy

• VCELA324

  Understand how noun groups/phrases and adjective groups/phrases can be expanded in a variety of ways to provide a fuller description of the person, place, thing or idea

  Elaborations

  • learning how to expand a description by combining a related set of nouns and adjectives – ‘Two old brown cattle dogs sat on the ruined front veranda of the deserted house’
  • observing how descriptive details can be built up around a noun or an adjective, forming a group/phrase (for example, ‘this very smelly cleaning cloth in the sink’ is a noun group/phrase and ‘as pretty as the flowers in May’ is an adjective group/phrase)

  VCELA324 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCELY337

  Clarify understanding of content as it unfolds in formal and informal situations, connecting ideas to students’ own experiences, and present and justify a point of view or recount an experience using interaction skills

  Elaborations

  • asking specific questions to clarify a speaker’s meaning, making constructive comments that keep conversation moving, reviewing ideas expressed and conveying tentative conclusions

  VCELY337 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Speaking and Listening | Literacy

• VCELY319

  Use comprehension strategies to analyse information, integrating and linking ideas from a variety of print and digital sources

  Elaborations

  • using research skills including identifying research purpose, locating texts, gathering and organising information, evaluating its relative value, and the accuracy and currency of print and digital sources and summarising information from several sources

  VCELY319 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Literacy

• VCELY329

  Plan, draft and publish imaginative, informative and persuasive print and multimodal texts, choosing text structures, language features, images and sound appropriate to purpose and audience

  Elaborations

  • using research from print and digital resources to gather and organise information for writing
  • selecting an appropriate text structure for the writing purpose and sequencing content according to that text structure, introducing the topic, and grouping related information in well-sequenced paragraphs with a concluding statement
  • using vocabulary, including technical vocabulary, appropriate to purpose and context
  • using paragraphs to present and sequence a text
  • using appropriate grammatical features, including more complex sentences and relevant verb tense, pronoun reference, adverb and noun groups/phrases for effective descriptions

  VCELY329 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Literacy

• VCELT315

  Recognise that ideas in literary texts can be conveyed from different viewpoints, which can lead to different kinds of interpretations and responses

  Elaborations

  • identifying the narrative voice (the person or entity through whom the audience experiences the story) in a literary work, discussing the impact of first person narration on empathy and engagement
  • examining texts written from different narrative points of view and discussing what information the audience can access, how this impacts on the audience’s sympathies, and why an author might choose a particular narrative point of view
  • examining the narrative voice in texts from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander traditions, which include perspectives of animals and spirits, about how we should care for the Earth, for example reflecting on how this affects significance, interpretation and response

  VCELT315 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Literature