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• VCEALA116

  Understand how different types of images in texts contribute to meaning

  Elaborations

  • reading and viewing a range of factual and imaginative texts incorporating images, for example an illustrated story, report with diagrams, short documentary, infographic poster
  • using images on book covers or within the text to predict content
  • making connections between images and print text, for example matching a character’s name to an image, finding the name of a country on a map

  VCEALA116 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA140

  Write simple sentences with minimal reliance on copying

  Elaborations

  • using common and familiar vocabulary from interactions or familiar classroom contexts and texts
  • using spoken-like language structures based on familiar contexts and interactions, such as simple sentences about personal topics, long compound sentences listing a series of events

  VCEALA140 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA142

  Contribute to shared writing activities

  Elaborations

  • listening to class discussions and adding relevant new ideas
  • suggesting vocabulary to use in shared writing, based on vocabulary lists, learnt vocabulary and own reading
  • making editing suggestions for a jointly constructed text

  VCEALA142 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA096

  Ask for translation of specific words from other home language speakers

  Elaborations

  • formulating questions in English and home language to clarify classroom instructions or new ideas and vocabulary
  • drawing on a range of shared languages to negotiate meaning and clarify information
  • understanding responses from peers that combine function words and topic words in home language and English
  • recording translations of new words in personal vocabulary lists, including words and definitions in English and home language

  VCEALA096 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA120

  Select suitable books to read

  Elaborations

  • selecting books based on topics of interest or recommendations from others
  • skimming part of a book to check for familiar English content, images, size, amount of print and layout, before making a selection
  • comparing books with those previously read, in order to predict the suitability of topic, language, length and structure

  VCEALA120 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA146

  Use a range of resources to find words or phrases for own writing

  Elaborations

  • using a range of resources to find words or phrases or to check spelling, such as simple bilingual dictionaries, home language peers, vocabulary lists, classroom texts, spellchecker on a computer or digital device
  • talking to home language peers to explain the word in home language and ask for a translation into English
  • recording the word in home language and English in personal dictionary or vocabulary chart
  • translating word for word from home language to English
  • adapting the translation using English sentence structure

  VCEALA146 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA147

  Show interest in patterns of spelling

  Elaborations

  • asking how to write new words
  • noticing similar spelling patterns, for example words that contain the same letter combinations, such as ‘find’ and ‘finger’; ‘air’ and ‘chair’
  • comparing words in English with home language forms and meanings

  VCEALA147 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA093

  Use a small range of strategies to negotiate meaning in conversation

  Elaborations

  • seeking help or clarification from other speakers, for example through home language, gesture, rewording
  • interrupting to ask a speaker to repeat or speak slowly, such as by asking ‘Say again, please’
  • using some social formulas when asking for clarification, such as ‘Please’, ‘Excuse me’
  • composing simple requests to ask for clarification, for example ‘Please repeat’, ‘What means …?’
  • referring to the speaker’s key words when asking for clarification, for example Teacher: ‘Get your stationery’, Student: ‘What is stationery?’

  VCEALA093 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA117

  Understand that the purpose of a text is reflected in its form

  Elaborations

  • identifying texts as factual or fictional, and comparing features such as content, layout, images
  • suggesting the purpose and audience of a range of common text types, such as picture book, supermarket catalogue, website, timetable
  • answering simple questions about the text, such as ‘Would this text be more useful for a parent or a child?’

  VCEALA117 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA119

  Participate in simple group activities based on shared texts

  Elaborations

  • reading a text in chorus or reciting familiar poems or rhymes
  • responding to the text, for example illustrating a section, answering questions about a text
  • joining group discussions by listening to peers and giving brief, relevant responses to questions

  VCEALA119 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA143

  Demonstrate understanding that handwritten texts usually need to be planned, edited and presented

  Elaborations

  • using graphic organisers to develop a simple plan for writing
  • editing and re-drafting writing by using simple strategies
  • reading own writing aloud to check meaning
  • following feedback from teacher or peers to delete or add words to clarify meaning
  • correcting spelling with reference to word lists or dictionaries

  VCEALA143 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA094

  Transfer knowledge of spoken discourse patterns from home language to English, with some issues of cultural appropriateness

  Elaborations

  • using home language discourse patterns, for example calling the teacher ‘Teacher’ rather than using their name or title
  • using home language social practices in interactions, such as avoiding eye contact or not voicing opinion

  VCEALA094 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA090

  Adjust speech to suit the audience and purpose

  Elaborations

  • understanding the nature of social interactions with familiar people and in known settings
  • differentiating speech in a small range of situations, such as when giving a talk, speaking to a friend or adult, making an apology
  • speaking appropriately for the situation by modifying voice, body language and expression to match other speakers
  • asking about appropriate non-verbal behaviours in certain situations, for example ‘Should I give eye contact?’, ‘Is it OK to shake hands?’

  VCEALA090 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA118

  Understand that texts can reflect a variety of ideas and perspectives

  Elaborations

  • recognising that texts may reflect a variety of cultural beliefs, practices and views
  • suggesting an audience for a text, for example ‘This book was written for children’
  • choosing narratives centred on a range of characters with different profiles and experiences
  • giving a simple personal response to a text, for example ‘I enjoyed it’, ‘I learnt about …’
  • comparing and contrasting ideas and experiences in texts with own experience

  VCEALA118 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA144

  Use a range of writing implements and writing styles for different purposes

  Elaborations

  • writing legibly and consistently by hand, using a range of implements such as pens, pencils
  • using basic keyboard functions to create, edit and format texts
  • planning the layout and format of texts, for example ruling margins, writing a first draft, measuring out boxes on a poster

  VCEALA144 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA122

  Relate something from a text to own experience

  Elaborations

  • identifying with characters in a story
  • recounting a similar experience to that of the character, for example ‘That happened to me once, when …’
  • describing similarities and differences in the setting of a narrative and own experience

  VCEALA122 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA091

  Initiate and maintain simple conversations with others

  Elaborations

  • understanding and responding to simple English expressions related to personal or familiar topics, for example answering simple questions by giving basic information about self
  • borrowing words from questions asked, for example ‘What is your hobby?’, ‘My hobby is …’
  • negotiating meaning through use of gestures, modified speech, simple questions and clarifications
  • initiating exchanges in social and learning context, for example by asking a question

  VCEALA091 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA121

  Locate words in a bilingual dictionary or in class word lists

  Elaborations

  • referring to a picture or bilingual dictionary to check spelling or meaning of English words
  • locating words on classroom charts and word lists
  • adding to word lists to keep a record of words, spelling, meaning and pronunciation in English and home language

  VCEALA121 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA141

  Identify text type appropriate to the purpose

  Elaborations

  • being familiar with a small range of common text types, such as narrative, recount, report, procedure, description, explanation, response
  • describing the purpose of a text, such as to inform, to describe an event, to tell a story
  • copying parts of a text and filling gaps with personal details or topic information
  • filling in sections of a template following instructions from the teacher or in collaboration with peers
  • using learnt text structures or model texts to begin writing independently
  • rewriting own text into a new format, for example by adding headings and images

  VCEALA141 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA092

  Use a repertoire of common classroom formulas

  Elaborations

  • using common classroom formulas, such as ‘Just a minute’, ‘Give me a hand’, ‘Be quiet, please’, ‘Can I have a paintbrush, please?’
  • using common social formulas, such as ‘Excuse me’, ‘Can you please …?’, ‘Yes, thank you’
  • indicating agreement or non-agreement through formulaic speech such as ‘I agree’, ‘I don’t think so’

  VCEALA092 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness