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• VCELA024

  Use sounds and facial expressions to affect familiar others

  Elaborations

  • encountering various languages and forms of communication at home, school and in the community
  • experiencing others engaging, communicating and changing things in the world around them
  • reacting to the sounds and voices of familiar others
  • reacting to a range of gestures, signs, images and facial features of familiar others
  • using sounds, noises, gestures, eye gaze etc. to gain attention or request an object, e.g. reaching towards something they want
  • turning towards a communication partner

  VCELA024 | Curriculum content | English | Level A | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA026

  Explore how sound, facial expression and actions can cause a change

  Elaborations

  • being exposed to others interpreting their actions and labelling them as needs and feeling
  • exploring how they can change their behaviour
  • reacting to others through gestures, facial expressions, sounds and movements
  • changing their focus of engagement on seeing or feeling an object or person

  VCELA026 | Curriculum content | English | Level A | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA292

  Understand that the meaning of sentences can be enriched through the use of noun groups/phrases and verb groups/phrases and prepositional phrases

  Elaborations

  • creating richer, more specific descriptions through the use of noun groups/phrases (for example, in narrative texts, ‘their very old Siamese cat’; in reports, 'its extremely high mountain ranges')

  VCELA292 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCELY317

  Show how ideas and points of view in texts are conveyed through the use of vocabulary, including idiomatic expressions, objective and subjective language, and that these can change according to context

  Elaborations

  • identifying the narrative voice (the person or entity through whom the audience experiences the story) in a literary work, discussing the impact of first person narration on empathy and engagement

  VCELY317 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Literacy

• VCELT315

  Recognise that ideas in literary texts can be conveyed from different viewpoints, which can lead to different kinds of interpretations and responses

  Elaborations

  • identifying the narrative voice (the person or entity through whom the audience experiences the story) in a literary work, discussing the impact of first person narration on empathy and engagement
  • examining texts written from different narrative points of view and discussing what information the audience can access, how this impacts on the audience’s sympathies, and why an author might choose a particular narrative point of view
  • examining the narrative voice in texts from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander traditions, which include perspectives of animals and spirits, about how we should care for the Earth, for example reflecting on how this affects significance, interpretation and response

  VCELT315 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Reading and Viewing | Literature

• VCELA350

  Investigate how complex sentences can be used in a variety of ways to elaborate, extend and explain ideas

  Elaborations

  • knowing that a complex sentence typically consists of a main clause and a subordinate clause
  • knowing that the function of complex sentences is to make connections between ideas, such as: to provide a reason (for example 'He jumped up because the bell rang'); to state a purpose (for example 'She raced home in order to confront her brother'); to express a condition (for example 'It will break if you push it'); to make a concession (for example 'She went to work even though she was not feeling well'); to link two ideas in terms of various time relations (for example 'Nero fiddled while Rome burned')

  VCELA350 | Curriculum content | English | Level 6 | Writing | Language

• VCELT409

  Interpret and analyse language choices, including sentence patterns, dialogue, imagery and other language features, in short stories, literary essays and plays

  Elaborations

  • select an aspect of a text such as a sentence pattern or an image or word and adapt it for a new context explaining how the change will affect meaning

  VCELT409 | Curriculum content | English | Level 8 | Reading and Viewing | Literature

• VCELA217

  Learn some generalisations for adding suffixes to words

  Elaborations

  • joining discussion about how a suffix affects meaning, for example uncomfortable, older, and division, and investigating the ways words change when suffixes are added, for example, dropping the final 'e' when '-ing' is added

  VCELA217 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA120

  Understand that language can be represented as written text

  Elaborations

  • identifying object or action by matching object to word
  • contributing text during shared writing experiences

  VCELA120 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Writing | Language

• VCELA085

  Know that symbols, words and images can communicate needs

  Elaborations

  • making choices through alternative and augmentative communication, sign, symbol and image selection
  • using language to make requests, greet people, convey basic information about themselves and others
  • using image and sentence strip to communicate a need for example I want… to assist in requesting an object
  • using symbols to label an image

  VCELA085 | Curriculum content | English | Level C | Writing | Language

• VCELA073

  Recognise that a group of words can communicate a message

  Elaborations

  • learning to build on spoken sentence starters to communicate a need or want, for example ‘I want … a drink’
  • learning to combine words to convey a message, for example ‘Dad’s car’, ‘throw ball’

  VCELA073 | Curriculum content | English | Level C | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA483

  Understand how language use can have inclusive and exclusive social effects, and can empower or disempower people

  Elaborations

  • identifying language that seeks to align the listener or reader (for example 'of course', 'obviously', 'as you can imagine')
  • identifying the use of first person (I, we) and second person pronouns (you) to distance or involve the audience, for example in a speech made to a local cultural community
  • identifying references to shared assumptions
  • identifying appeals to shared cultural knowledge, values and beliefs
  • reflecting on experiences of when language includes, distances or marginalises others
  • creating texts that represent personal belief systems (such as credos, statements of ethical judgements, guidelines, letters to the editor and blog entries)

  VCELA483 | Curriculum content | English | Level 10 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA036

  Recognise that texts can have many forms, can use images, objects and symbols

  Elaborations

  • beginning to understand that multimodal texts may include symbols, images and objects
  • recognising some photographs, images and objects in a text

  VCELA036 | Curriculum content | English | Level B | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA333

  Understand that the pronunciation, spelling and meanings of words have histories and change over time

  Elaborations

  • recognising that a knowledge of word origins is not only interesting in its own right, but that it extends students’ knowledge of vocabulary and spelling
  • exploring examples of words in which pronunciation, writing and meaning has changed over time, including words from a range of cultures

  VCELA333 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELY126

  Review own text and make changes during shared editing

  Elaborations

  • using delete and Caps Lock functions during shared editing of their own typing
  • making alternative selections of images and audio used, including music, during shared editing
  • checking their name, some patterns and symbols for size

  VCELY126 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Writing | Literacy

• VCELY426

  Interpret the stated and implied meanings in spoken texts, and use interaction skills including voice and language conventions to discuss evidence that supports or challenges different perspectives

  Elaborations

  • listen to a conversation or speech and identify the point being made and explain the tone and manner of presentation. Change the focus of the conversation or speech and identify how meaning has changed
  • change the tone in which the speech or conversation is presented and discuss how interpretations can also change.

  VCELY426 | Curriculum content | English | Level 8 | Speaking and Listening | Literacy

• VCELA473

  Analyse how higher order concepts are developed in complex texts through language features including nominalisation, clause combinations, technicality and abstraction

  Elaborations

  • considering how nominalisation affects the way in which events are constructed and explained, making some information more explicit and other information less so
  • analysing how logical relations between ideas are built up by combining main with subordinate clauses indicating cause, result, manner, concession, condition, and so on (for example, ‘Although his poems were not generally well received by critics during his life (concession), Keats’ reputation grew substantially after his death’)
  • noting how technicality allows for efficient reference to shared knowledge, indicating growing expertise in the field (for example, ‘The Romantic poetry of Keats is characterised by sensual imagery, most notably in the series of odes.’)
  • observing how abstraction allows for greater generalisation at a higher level (for example, ‘the political, religious, social and economic features of the society’ – which is an abstract noun group/phrase)

  VCELA473 | Curriculum content | English | Level 10 | Writing | Language

• VCELA166

  Understand that language can be used to explore ways of expressing needs, likes and dislikes

  Elaborations

  • recognising some of the ways we can use speech, gesture, writing and media to communicate feelings
  • recognising some of the ways emotions and feelings can be conveyed and influenced by visual representations, for example in advertising and animations

  VCELA166 | Curriculum content | English | Foundation Level | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA236

  Identify language that can be used for appreciating texts and the qualities of people and things

  Elaborations

  • exploring how language is used to express feelings including learning vocabulary to express a gradation of feeling, for example ‘happy’, ‘joyful’, ‘pleased’, ‘contented’
  • exploring in stories, everyday and media texts moral and social dilemmas; such as right and wrong, fairness/unfairness, inclusion and exclusion; learning to use language to describe actions and consider consequences
  • exploring how language is used to construct characters and settings in narratives, including choice of nouns such as ‘girl’, ‘princess’ or ‘orphan’, and choice of adjectives such as ‘gentle’, ‘timid’ or ‘frightened’

  VCELA236 | Curriculum content | English | Level 2 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA348

  Understand that cohesive links can be made in texts by omitting or replacing words

  Elaborations

  • noting how writers often substitute a general word for a more specific word already mentioned, thus creating a cohesive link between the words (for example, ‘Look at those apples. Can I take these big ones?’, where ‘ones’ substitutes for ‘apples’)
  • noting how writers often substitute a general word for a more specific word already mentioned, thus creating a cohesive link between the words (for example 'Look at those apples. Can I have one?')
  • recognising how cohesion can be developed through repeating key words or by using synonyms or antonyms
  • observing how relationships between concepts can be represented visually through similarity, contrast, juxtaposition, repetition, class-subclass diagrams, part-whole diagrams, cause-and-effect figures, visual continuities and discontinuities

  VCELA348 | Curriculum content | English | Level 6 | Writing | Language