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• VCRAU067

  Understand that languages continue to change over time due to influences such as globalisation and technology

  Elaborations

  • analysing the influence of other languages on the language, such as in advertising and technology, food, administration, religion and everyday life
  • recording a range of borrowed words and examining their structure and rules of use
  • investigating the origins of borrowed words to discover when, how and by whom new words and expressions were introduced into the language and which languages have borrowed from the language being studied

  VCRAU067 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCRAC087

  Make plans and obtain goods or services in real or simulated situations, through corresponding and transacting with others using modelled texts

  Elaborations

  • participating in scenarios such as being lost and asking for and giving directions or assistance
  • negotiating and making decisions about goods and services such as transport, ordering goods such as food and drink, or purchasing goods
  • giving, accepting or declining invitations including making excuses to avoid causing offence or embarrassment
  • exchanging details such as time, place, activity and participants when organising events, using texts such as phone conversations, emails, text messages, notes and letters

  VCRAC087 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCRAC062

  Consider how the students' own biographies, including family origins, traditions and beliefs, impact on identity and shapes the students' intercultural experiences

  Elaborations

  • recognising that aspects of personal identity such as family, religion and marital status may be important in interacting with speakers of the language and in how one may be perceived
  • identifying formative events and experiences in own and others’ upbringing and how these shape identity, for example, events such as graduation or achieving a goal
  • reflecting on how learning the language may have impacted on own identity and understanding of the world such as increased awareness of representations of the culture/s studied in the Australian media

  VCRAC062 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCRAC092

  Create individual and shared texts with imagined scenarios, characters and events, using modelled language

  Elaborations

  • composing and participating in dialogues between characters in a short drama or skit, rap or poem
  • creating stories using digital forms such as a video clip or photo story based on imaginary characters, places and events
  • creating texts to entertain others, for example, a comic strip or big book for younger students, a role-play or dialogue to present to parents, or a poem for an online newsletter
  • designing texts for special occasions (real and imagined) and imaginative play, such as greeting cards, or board or electronic games

  VCRAC092 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCRAC054

  Interact with others by making requests, seeking clarification, checking understanding and expressing opinions

  Elaborations

  • asking for clarification, such as how to spell a word or asking for meaning
  • apologising and making requests, giving help and responding to instructions and asking and responding to closed and open-ended questions

  VCRAC054 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCRAU068

  Understand that language is not neutral and that its use reflects cultural ideas, assumptions and perspectives

  Elaborations

  • analysing culture-specific values reflected in the language such as respect for diversity, social justice and social responsibility and comparing these values to those evident in own language and culture
  • analysing the meaning and nuances of culture-specific descriptions
  • recognising that there are culture-specific meanings associated with body language, for example, hands on hips can suggest arrogance and aggression
  • recognising that language and cultural practices are interconnected and that some expressions may have religious connotations, for example, OMG
  • investigating and using language associated with significant cultural practices and events such as celebrations, birthdays, New Year

  VCRAU068 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCRAU065

  Expand understanding of textual conventions, particularly related to social and informational media

  Elaborations

  • experimenting with language appropriate to particular text types, such as descriptive language in documentaries, reflective language in diary and journal entries, and persuasive language in advertisements
  • analysing the informal style of language associated with social media texts and texting such as the use of emoticons and abbreviated forms of words
  • analysing the forms, features and purpose of texts, such as how texts are organised in terms of layout, sequencing of ideas, headings and stylistic devices

  VCRAU065 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCRAU097

  Develop understanding of pronunciation related to single and combined sounds and the use of intonation in statements and questions, recognising spelling and using pronunciation conventions

  Elaborations

  • recognising that the language is written using the Roman alphabet but with distinctive sounds and sound combinations
  • recognising intonation for questions, statements, commands and interjections

  VCRAU097 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCRAU101

  Understand that the language has been and continues to be changed through interaction with other languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • identifying loan words in the language and English, and understanding that borrowings are part of the nature of language
  • analysing texts as a class, recording loan words and investigating their origins, and comparing these with borrowings in English and other known languages

  VCRAU101 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCRAU100

  Understand that the language, like all languages, varies according to participants, roles and relationships, situations and cultures

  Elaborations

  • recognising that register shifts according to familiarity and social position, for example, using one register for friends, and another for teachers and adults
  • examining how language varies according to ethnicity and age
  • understanding that language may change according to people’s roles and situation and that people may choose to use different languages to show, for example, familiarity or high status, such as a politician using language to show sophistication, or someone using a regional variety of language to show membership of a particular ethnic group

  VCRAU100 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCRAC061

  Participate in intercultural interactions with peers, comparing aspects of culture, monitoring how own culture impacts on language use and how this may enhance or inhibit understanding

  Elaborations

  • experimenting with gestures and body language, and considering which will or will not be incorporated into the students' own interactions
  • noticing the use of expressions such as fillers and exclamations and deciding whether or not to adopt them in own language use
  • making language choices with awareness of how these might be interpreted by speakers of the language, for example, ways to show respect
  • recognising how others’ perceptions will influence the language used in an interaction, for example, language is often slowed for a ‘foreigner’ and people may invite them to their home or ask to correspond with them
  • reflecting on how own cultural etiquette and behaviour may be interpreted when interacting with speakers of the language, noticing own body language and modifying gestures that may not be understood
  • developing language for monitoring, describing and reflecting on using the language in intercultural experiences

  VCRAC061 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCRAC052

  Engage with others to exchange ideas, experiences and interests

  Elaborations

  • exchanging opinions about family, friends, teachers, subjects, entertainment, sport and leisure
  • comparing aspects of their personal world such as school or home life
  • recounting significant events, special occasions and milestones
  • interacting in class activities and (electronic) games
  • socialising with friends and family at events, including chatting about school or holidays

  VCRAC052 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCRAC089

  Identify meaning and locate factual information (such as details about people and events) from a range of spoken and written texts, and use the information in new ways

  Elaborations

  • identifying key details, expressions and information in conversations, announcements and notes, and using obtained information to create own texts, for example, listening to a weather report and then announcing the cancellation of an event due to bad weather
  • reading and viewing a range of texts (for example, promotional brochures and signs, websites and cards) to obtain and compile information about places, lifestyle and practices
  • locating, classifying and summarising data such as results of class surveys, or factual information from notices, timetables and announcements, and presenting findings to others, for example, in a digital visual presentation, poster or wall chart
  • gathering information about people, time and activities, and using the information, for example, creating a timeline, diary or timetable to show a sequence of activities

  VCRAC089 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCRAU099

  Recognise grammatical structures and features in a range of personal, informative and imaginative texts, and notice how these contribute to meaning

  Elaborations

  • analysing the key features of texts such as advertisements, stories, songs and conversations, and comparing these with texts in own language and culture
  • identifying how texts are constructed, such as textual features (for example, salutations in correspondence), grammatical structures (for example, time markers in narratives) and visual cues (for example, images in brochures)
  • comparing the grammar of the language and English, identifying similarities (for example, some sentence constructions) and differences (for example, word order and use of adjectives and verbs)
  • applying knowledge of grammatical rules and context when using dictionaries to support comprehension and creation of texts

  VCRAU099 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCRAU064

  Develop knowledge of verb rules and how to link and extend ideas by using adverbs, cohesive devices and other elements of grammar

  Elaborations

  • naming a range of animals and describing qualities of people using adjectives of character and appearance
  • identifying people and their occupations
  • describing qualities of things using adjectives
  • indicating quantity
  • identifying things using concrete nouns
  • describing actions using verbs
  • indicating negation
  • referring to the past and future using time indicators
  • seeking information using a range of questions
  • describing frequency using adverbs
  • creating cohesion using conjunctions
  • adding further information using embedded clauses
  • accepting or declining invitations
  • well-wishing
  • comparing and contrasting
  • expressing opinions
  • expressing emotions
  • describing state of actions

  VCRAU064 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCRAC053

  Make plans, solve problems and address needs by, for example, corresponding and transacting in real or simulated situations

  Elaborations

  • organising class events, such as holding a lunch, party or performance
  • corresponding with peers, including via technology, asking and responding to questions to seek information or clarification
  • expressing preferences for plans (for example, comparing and contrasting alternatives) and agreeing or disagreeing
  • responding to invitations to events by accepting, declining, and giving excuses
  • participating in collaborative projects, such as arranging an excursion or creating a short documentary
  • participating in transactions and negotiations, such as purchasing food, clothing, souvenirs or transport, maintaining the interaction and discussing issues such as relative cost and wages

  VCRAC053 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCRAC095

  Interact with peers and texts, noticing what and how language is being used, and considering own reactions and how these relate to own language and culture

  Elaborations

  • participating in intercultural experiences, including viewing (online) videos or television programs, noticing what is confusing, surprising or 'strange', corresponding with peers in a region where the language is spoken, such as through email, shared digital spaces or video, comparing topics of interest, language choices and expressions
  • observing interactions between speakers, noticing similarities and differences in politeness and etiquette
  • recording features of language use, such as by keeping a journal about how language reflects cultural concepts and values
  • developing a language for describing personal reactions to and feelings about intercultural experiences

  VCRAC095 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCRAU098

  Develop knowledge of structures and vocabulary for describing people, places and things, such as pronouns, verbs, adjectives, word order and other elements of grammar

  Elaborations

  • identifying people using, for example, terms of address, pronouns and some nouns
  • identifying things and animals using concrete nouns describing the qualities of people, for example, adjectives of character and appearance
  • describing qualities of objects and animals using adjectives
  • indicating quantity using plurals
  • referring to numbers of things using cardinal numbers and things in a sequence using ordinal numbers
  • greeting and farewelling
  • telling others to do something using imperatives
  • indicating possession
  • describing simple actions
  • negating
  • specifying place and location
  • referring to existence/presence
  • giving directions and information about place using prepositions
  • locating events in time and referring to the past and future seeking information and assistance using interrogatives
  • joining ideas using cohesive devices
  • expressing emotion
  • expressing modality
  • comparing things using comparatives and superlatives

  VCRAU098 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCRAC093

  Translate and interpret texts such as descriptions, emails, signs and notices, using contextual cues and textual features, and noticing non-equivalence of meaning

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers and teacher to translate and interpret personal texts, such as correspondence and conversations, noticing similarities and differences in language use and considering why these might exist
  • translating public signs or notices from the language to English and vice versa, comparing meanings and considering how effective the translations are and why
  • experimenting with translating, both literally and for meaning, by using strategies such as explaining rather than word-for-word translation, for example, describing a cricket match
  • learning to use bilingual dictionaries and electronic translation tools, identifying issues such as multiple meanings of words and the need to consider context and understand that meaning goes beyond the literal

  VCRAC093 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating