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• VCMNA129

  Investigate the conditions required for a number to be odd or even and identify odd and even numbers

  Elaborations

  • identifying even numbers using skip counting by twos or by grouping even collections of objects in twos
  • explaining why all numbers that end in the digits 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 are even and that numbers ending in 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 are odd

  VCMNA129 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VC2M3P01

  identify practical activities and everyday events that involve chance, and describe possible outcomes and events as ‘likely’ or ‘unlikely’ and identify some events as ‘certain’ or ‘impossible’, explaining reasoning

  Elaborations

  • predicting what could happen next in practical activities that involve an element of chance, considering possible outcomes and using terms such as ‘likely’ or ‘unlikely’ to explain their predictions
  • classifying a list of everyday events or sorting a set of event cards according to how likely they are to happen, using the language of chance and giving reasons for classifications; and discussing how impossible outcomes cannot ever happen, and uncertain outcomes are affected by chance as they may or may not happen, whereas certain events must always happen so they are not affected by chance
  • making predictions and testing what would happen, for example, if 10 names were put in a box and names were then drawn out one at a time and replaced after each selection, discussing how likely it would be after 10 selections that all 10 names were drawn from the box or that one name was drawn multiple times

  VC2M3P01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Probability

• VC2M3M01

  identify which metric units are used to measure everyday items; use measurements of familiar items and known units to make estimates

  Elaborations

  • examining the packaging on supermarket items to determine the metric unit used to describe the mass or volume of the contents
  • identifying items that have a mass of one kilogram or 500 grams, or a capacity of one litre or 500 millilitres, and using these benchmarks to estimate the mass or capacity of other things, explaining their reasoning
  • estimating the height of a tree by comparing it to the height of their friend and quoting the result as ‘The tree is about 3 times as tall’; and estimating the capacity of a fish tank by using a litre milk carton as a benchmark
  • choosing and using metres to estimate the dimensions of the classroom

  VC2M3M01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Measurement

• VC2M3SP01

  make, compare and classify objects, identifying key features and explaining why these features make them suited to their uses

  Elaborations

  • classifying a collection of geometric objects, including cylinders, spheres, prisms and pyramids, according to key features such as the shape and number of faces and/or surfaces, edges and vertices
  • making and comparing objects built out of cubic blocks and discussing key features; for example, comparing the amount of space that objects occupy by counting how many blocks it takes to build different rectangular prisms that have the same height but different bases
  • making geometric objects in solid form out of connecting cubes and in skeleton form with straws, and constructing objects using dynamic geometry software, recognising, comparing and discussing the features of the objects using the different representations
  • using familiar shapes and objects to build or construct models and compare the suitability of different shapes and objects for aspects of the model; for example, building rectangular towers out of connecting cubes and recognising that the taller the tower, the less stable it becomes unless the base is increased; or building bridges out of straws bent into different shapes and comparing the strength of different designs
  • identifying, classifying and comparing common objects found on Country/Place as cubes, rectangular prisms, cylinders, cones and spheres
  • investigating and explaining how Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ dwellings are oriented in the environment to accommodate climatic conditions

  VC2M3SP01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Space

• VC2M3N07

  recognise the relationships between dollars and cents and represent money values in different ways

  Elaborations

  • investigating the relationship between dollars and cents, using physical or virtual materials to make different combinations of the same amount of money
  • representing money amounts in different ways using knowledge of part-part-whole relationships; for example, knowing that $1 is equal to 100 cents, representing $1.85 as $1 + 50c + 20c + 10c + 5c or 50c + 50c + 50c + 10c + 10c + 10c + 5c; or when calculating change from buying an item for $1.30 from $2, starting from $1.30 and adding 20c and 50c, which gives $2

  VC2M3N07 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Number

• VC2M3M02

  measure and compare objects using familiar metric units of length, mass and capacity, and instruments with labelled markings

  Elaborations

  • making a measuring tape using metric units of length and using it to measure and compare things, for example, the girth of a tree; and explaining that the lines on a ruler show the beginning and end of each unit
  • using a strip of one-centimetre grid paper to measure and compare the length of objects, connecting this with centimetre units on a ruler and using fractions of a graduation to give a more accurate measure
  • discussing how the capacity of a container or object usually refers to the amount of liquid it can hold, measured in millilitres and litres, and comparing the capacity of different sizes of familiar drinks (for example, 600-millilitre, one-litre, 2-litre and 3-litre milk containers)
  • measuring and comparing the mass of objects and capacity of containers, using measuring jugs and kitchen or other scales and standard metric units of millilitres, litres, grams and kilograms; and interpreting and explaining what the lines on the measuring jug or scales mean
  • comparing the capacity of different beakers used in science lessons and using the numbered graduations to measure out different capacities of liquid

  VC2M3M02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Measurement

• VC2M3N04

  add and subtract two- and three-digit numbers using place value to partition, rearrange and regroup numbers to assist in calculations without a calculator

  Elaborations

  • using partitioning and part-part-whole models and the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction to solve addition or subtraction problems, making informal written ‘jottings’ to keep track of the numbers if necessary
  • using physical or virtual grouped materials or diagrams to make proportional models of numbers to assist in calculations, for example, to calculate 214 + 325, representing 214 as 2 groups of 100, one group of 10 and 4 ones and 325 as 3 groups of 100, 2 groups of 10 and 5 ones, resulting in 5 groups of 100, 3 groups of 10 and 9 ones, which is 539
  • choosing between standard and non-standard place value partitions to assist with calculations, for example, to solve 485 + 365, thinking of 365 as 350 + 15, then adding the parts, 485 + 15 = 500, 500 + 350 = 850
  • solving subtraction problems efficiently by adding or subtracting a constant amount to both numbers to create an easier calculation; for example, 534 − 395, adding 5 to both numbers to make 539 − 400 = 139
  • justifying choices about partitioning and regrouping numbers in terms of their usefulness for particular calculations when solving problems
  • applying knowledge of place value to assist in calculations when solving problems involving larger numbers; for example, calculating the total crowd numbers for an agricultural show that lasts a week

  VC2M3N04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Number