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• VCSSU089

  Scientific knowledge and understanding of the world changes as new evidence becomes available; science knowledge can develop through collaboration and connecting ideas across the disciplines and practice of science

  Elaborations

  • investigating how advances in telescopes and space probes have provided new evidence about space
  • investigating how the development of microscopes has changed understanding of cell function and malfunction, and how this has led to improved medical treatments for disease
  • investigating how knowledge of the location and extraction of mineral resources relies on expertise from across the disciplines of science
  • considering how advances in technology, combined with scientific understanding of the functioning of body systems, has enabled organ repair and replacement
  • investigating how land management practices of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples can help inform sustainable management of the environment

  VCSSU089 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Understanding | Science as a human endeavour

• VCSIS113

  Communicate ideas, findings and solutions to problems including identifying impacts and limitations of conclusions and using appropriate scientific language and representations

  Elaborations

  • using digital technologies to access information, to communicate and collaborate with others on and off site and to present science ideas
  • selecting and using appropriate language and representations to communicate science ideas within a specified text type and for a specified audience

  VCSIS113 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Inquiry Skills | Communicating

• VCSSU090

  Science and technology contribute to finding solutions to a range of contemporary issues; these solutions may impact on other areas of society and involve ethical considerations

  Elaborations

  • considering decisions made in relation to the recycling of greywater and blackwater
  • investigating strategies implemented to maintain part of the local environment, such as bushland, a beach, a lake, a desert or a shoreline
  • investigating the development of vehicles over time, including the application of science and technology to the designs of solar-powered or electric vehicles
  • relating regulations about wearing seatbelts or safety helmets to knowledge of forces and motion
  • discussing ethical issues that arise from organ transplantation

  VCSSU090 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Understanding | Science as a human endeavour

• VCSIS107

  Identify questions, problems and claims that can be investigated scientifically and make predictions based on scientific knowledge

  Elaborations

  • considering whether an investigation using available resources is possible when identifying questions or problems to investigate
  • using information and knowledge from their own investigations and secondary sources to predict the expected results from an investigation
  • recognising that the solution of some questions and problems may require consideration of social, cultural, economic or moral factors in addition to results from scientific investigation

  VCSIS107 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Inquiry Skills | Questioning and predicting

• VCSIS111

  Use scientific knowledge and findings from investigations to identify relationships, evaluate claims and draw conclusions

  Elaborations

  • identifying data that provides evidence to support or refute the hypothesis being tested
  • drawing conclusions based on a range of evidence including from primary and secondary sources

  VCSIS111 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Inquiry Skills | Analysing and evaluating

• VCSSU092

  Cells are the basic units of living things and have specialised structures and functions

  Elaborations

  • examining a variety of cells using a light microscope, by digital technology or by viewing a simulation
  • distinguishing plant cells from animal and fungal cells
  • identifying structures within cells and describing their function
  • recognising that some organisms consist of a single cell

  VCSSU092 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Understanding | Biological sciences

• VCSSU105

  Light can form images using the reflective feature of curved mirrors and the refractive feature of lenses, and can disperse to produce a spectrum which is part of a larger spectrum of radiation

  Elaborations

  • exploring how images can change when the arrangement of the mirror or lens system is altered
  • exploring the mechanism of the human eye and corrective technologies
  • observing the spread and order of colours in the visible spectrum
  • describing the different types of radiation in the larger spectrum of radiation

  VCSSU105 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Understanding | Physical sciences

• VCSSU091

  There are differences within and between groups of organisms; classification helps organise this diversity

  Elaborations

  • grouping a variety of organisms on the basis of similarities and differences in particular features
  • classifying using hierarchical systems, for example, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
  • using scientific conventions for naming species
  • using provided keys to identify organisms surveyed in a local habitat

  VCSSU091 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Understanding | Biological sciences

• VCSIS108

  Collaboratively and individually plan and conduct a range of investigation types, including fieldwork and experiments, ensuring safety and ethical guidelines are followed

  Elaborations

  • identifying whether the use of their own observations and experiments or the use of other research materials is appropriate for their investigation
  • using simulations and identifying their strengths and limitations
  • developing strategies and techniques for effective research using secondary sources, including use of the internet

  VCSIS108 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Inquiry Skills | Planning and conducting

• VCSIS110

  Construct and use a range of representations including graphs, keys and models to record and summarise data from students’ own investigations and secondary sources, and to represent and analyse patterns and relationships

  Elaborations

  • understanding different types of diagrammatic, graphical and physical representations and considering their strengths and limitations
  • comparing and contrasting data from a number of sources in order to create a summary of collected data
  • using diagrammatic representations to convey abstract ideas and to simplify complex situations

  VCSIS110 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Inquiry Skills | Recording and processing