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• VCGGK064

  Definition of places as parts of the Earth’s surface that have been given meaning by people, and how places can be defined at a variety of scales

  Elaborations

  • examining the names of features and places in the local area, and the meaning of these names and why they were chosen
  • investigating the names and meanings given to local features and places by the local Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • describing the hierarchy of places: from the personal scale of their home, the local scale of their suburb or town, the regional scale of their state, to the national scale of their country

  VCGGK064 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Knowledge | Places and our connections to them

• VCHHK065

  The effect of changing technology on people’s lives and their perspectives on the significance of that change

  Elaborations

  • examining changes in technology over several generations by comparing past and present objects and photographs, and discussing how these changes have shaped people’s lives, for example, changes to land, air and sea transport, the move from wood-fired stoves to gas/electrical appliances, the introduction of television, transistors, FM radio and digital technologies
  • identifying where the technology used in their grandparents’ childhoods was made compared with the technology they use today
  • examining the traditional toys used by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children to play and learn, for example, Arrernte children learn to play string games so they can remember stories they have been told
  • creating models of toys used by children who lived when electricity was not available

  VCHHK065 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Knowledge | Community histories

• VCGGK067

  Weather and seasons and the ways in which different cultural groups, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, describe them

  Elaborations

  • describing the daily and seasonal weather of their place by its rainfall, temperature, sunshine and wind, and comparing it with the weather of other places that they know or are aware of
  • comparing the Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People’s seasonal calendar for the local area with one students are familiar with, such as the four-seasons calendar derived from Europe

  VCGGK067 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Knowledge | Places and our connections to them

• VCHHC056

  Identify examples of continuity and change in family life and in the local area by comparing past and present

  Elaborations

  • suggesting ideas about what objects from the past may have been used for
  • distinguishing between what is old and what is new, using such clues as the condition of the object
  • locating historical evidence of the local community including signs of the past in the present, for example, place and street names, monuments, built and non-built historical landmarks
  • identifying features of a site, such as dates, decorations and plaques on buildings, that reveal its past

  VCHHC056 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Continuity and change

• VCGGK068

  Natural, managed and constructed features of places, their location and how they change

  Elaborations

  • identifying the places they live in and belong to and places they are familiar with, for example, a neighbourhood, suburb, town or rural locality and describing their features
  • recounting Aboriginal Dreaming stories and/or Legends of the Torres Strait that identify the natural features of a place
  • using observations to identify and describe natural features (for example, hills, rivers, native vegetation), managed features (for example, farms, parks, gardens, plantation forests) and constructed features (for example, roads, buildings) of the local place, and locating them on a map
  • using observations and/or photographs to identify changes in natural, managed and constructed features in their place. For example, recent erosion, revegetated areas, planted crops or new buildings
  • identifying constructed features such as eel traps and exploring activities in local rivers and lakes

  VCGGK068 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Knowledge | Places and our connections to them

• VCHHC055

  Identify perspectives about changes to daily life from people in the past or present

  Elaborations

  • discussing with parents and grandparents about life in the past
  • exploring stories from and about the past, for example letters, diaries, radio or television programs
  • inviting parents, grandparents and elders into the classroom to communicate about their childhoods and comparing their favourite toys with those of children today

  VCHHC055 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Historical sources as evidence

• VCGGC060

  Collect and record geographical data and information from the field and other sources

  Elaborations

  • asking questions about features they observe in the local area and collecting and recording information using all their senses
  • using geographical tools, such as photographs taken from the air or a digital application such as Google Earth, to identify places ranging from those with largely natural features to those with largely constructed features
  • interviewing their grandparents or significant Elders to find out the places they visited when they were young
  • recording what they have learned about the different weather and seasons of places in a picture diary or a series of paintings, and annotating them with changes that occur throughout a year
  • recording how frequently they visit places and for what purpose

  VCGGC060 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCGGC057

  Identify and describe the features of places at a local scale and how they change, recognising that people describe the features of places differently

  Elaborations

  • recounting Aboriginal Dreaming stories and/or Legends of the Torres Strait that identify the natural features of a place
  • using observations and/or photographs to identify changes in natural, managed and constructed features in their place. For example, recent erosion, revegetated areas, planted crops or new buildings

  VCGGC057 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGK069

  Reasons why some places are special and some places are important to people and how they can be looked after

  Elaborations

  • identifying and describing places they consider to be ‘special’. For example, their room, a play area, holiday location or an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander place of family significance, and explaining why the place is special to them
  • discussing different ways people care for their ‘special places’
  • discussing how places provide people with their basic needs, for example, water, food and shelter
  • proposing possible actions that could be taken by the student to improve an important place such as the school grounds or local park
  • discussing with their teacher, other students and members of their family what they know and have learned about different places, why they need to be looked after, and how this could be achieved

  VCGGK069 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Knowledge | Places and our connections to them

• VCHHK059

  Differences in family structures of families and the role of family groups today, and what they have in common and how these have changed or remained the same over time

  Elaborations

  • considering a range of family structures, for example nuclear families, only child families, large families, single parent families, extended families, blended families, adoptive parent families and grandparent families, as well as kinship groups, tribes and villages
  • using images and stories to identify similarities and differences between students' families and those of other children, in their class and in stories about children in other places, for example, the countries of Asia
  • comparing families in the present with those from the recent past (the families of parents and grandparents) in terms of their size and structure, for example, the different types of family such as nuclear, single parent, blended
  • exploring family structures of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, for example, where children belong to extended families in which there are specific roles and responsibilities to ensure safety and wellbeing
  • discussing kinship as an significant part of relationships and family structures in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander societies, for example, the extent of a kinship system and the way in which it influences people's relationships, obligations and behaviour towards each other
  • examining and commenting on the roles of family members over time, for example, listening to stories about the roles of mothers, fathers, caregivers and children in the past, and comparing these with family roles today, such as work outside the home, washing, cooking, cleaning, gardening, child care

  VCHHK059 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Knowledge | Personal histories

• VCGGK070

  Activities in the local place and reasons for their location, and the influence of purpose, distance and accessibility on the frequency with which people visit places

  Elaborations

  • identifying the activities located in their place, such as retailing, medical, educational, police, religious, recreational, farming, manufacturing or office activities, locating them on a pictorial map, and suggesting why they are located where they are
  • investigating the places they and their families visit for shopping recreation, religious or ceremonial activities, or other reasons
  • suggesting what the pattern of visits to places might have been two generations ago and comparing this to their current pattern
  • investigating how people's patterns of visits to places are affected by transport and information and telecommunications technologies

  VCGGK070 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Knowledge | Places and our connections to them

• VCHHK061

  Differences and similarities between students' daily lives and perspectives of life during their parents’ and grandparents’ childhoods, including family traditions, leisure time and communications

  Elaborations

  • exploring and comparing aspects of family life in the past and present such as family traditions, leisure time, communication technologies and schooling
  • examining and commenting on photographs and oral histories, for example talking to parents, grandparents and other elders, to find out how daily lives have changed

  VCHHK061 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Knowledge | Personal histories

• VCHHC053

  Sequence significant events about personal and family history to create a chronological narrative

  Elaborations

  • ordering significant personal events or milestones using photographs or drawings, for example, walking, talking, the birth of a sibling, moving house, an illness, an achievement, first day at school
  • identifying dates and changes that have personal significance, for example, birthdays, moving house, changing schools, religious and school holidays, marking these on a calendar and counting down time, as well as noting that events of personal significance may differ according to children’s cultural backgrounds
  • creating a timeline, slideshow or story using photos
  • relating a story about life in their parent’s or grandparent’s time (orally or through pictures and photographs)
  • inquiring from members of their families where they were born and raised

  VCHHC053 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Chronology

• VCHHK060

  How the present, past and future are signified by terms indicating and describing time

  Elaborations

  • discussing what happened yesterday, what is likely to happen tomorrow, upcoming birthdays, celebrations and seasons, and ordering these references to time in sequence using terms such as ‘before’, ‘after’, ‘next’ and ‘then’
  • discussing how some cultures, for example the Chinese, describe a child as being one year old on the day they are born
  • identifying dates and changes that have personal significance, for example, birthdays, moving house, changing schools, religious and school holidays, marking these on a calendar and counting down time, as well as noting that events of personal significance may differ according to children’s cultural backgrounds
  • examining Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander seasonal calendars, for example, the Gagadju (Kakadu) and the D'harawal (Sydney) calendars, each with six seasons, the Arrernte (central Australia) with five, the Woiwurrung (Upper Yarra Valley) with seven, and north-east Tasmania with three

  VCHHK060 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Knowledge | Personal histories

• VCGGC062

  Interpret data and information to draw conclusions and describe the direction and location of places, using terms such as north, south, opposite, near, far

  Elaborations

  • using information from a range of sources, such as fieldwork observations and representation of features and places in photographs, satellite images and rock art, to answer ‘what’, ‘how’ and ‘why’ questions
  • sorting transport and telecommunications technologies by time to draw conclusions about why patterns of visits to places have changed
  • investigating and reporting findings to show the influence of distance and accessibility on the use of places now and over at least one generation
  • describing the direction and location (near and far, above and below, beside and opposite) of familiar places
  • writing or talking about their connection to places using appropriate directional and locational terms, including north and south

  VCGGC062 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCHHC054

  Identify the content features of primary sources when describing the significance of people, places or events

  Elaborations

  • how the stories of families and the past can be communicated, for example through photographs, artefacts, books, oral histories, digital media, and museums
  • engaging with the oral traditions, painting and music of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and recognising that the past is communicated through stories passed down from generation to generation
  • sharing the story of an object from home, describing its importance to the family, for example, photographs, old toys, statues, medals, artwork, jewellery and creating a class museum
  • recognising that stories of the past may differ depending on who is telling them, for example, listening to stories about the same event related by two different people such as a mother and a grandmother

  VCHHC054 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Historical sources as evidence