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• VCKOU036

  Explore and reflect on the nature of language change in response to changing cultural and social conditions

  Elaborations

  • understanding how Hangeul was created in response to the need for a writing system that would reflect the sound system of spoken Korean in 15th-century Korea; reflecting on how its creation has impacted on the Korean language and culture and people’s lives up until now, discussing the role of script in aspects of culture in everyday life
  • discussing possible reasons for changes in Korean language use, such as exposure to other languages, changing contexts of use and the development of digital technology
  • exploring how globalisation has accelerated the use of English words and expressions in Korean language use, discussing advantages and disadvantages in the blending of languages
  • examining how acronyms or short forms of words are used in Korean and in English, discussing how these forms reflect people’s changing lifestyles

  VCKOU036 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCKOU207

  Reflect on the dynamic and ecological nature of language that interacts with constantly changing environments such as contact with different languages and cultures and changing sociocultural circumstances in local and global contexts, identifying and illustrating examples from Korean language...

  Elaborations

  • exploring how Korean language has changed over time, for example, by viewing Korean dramas in historical settings and those in contemporary settings and comparing the language used between people in comparable relationships such as between family members
  • examining possible influences on language change in Korean, such as exposure to other languages, contexts of use and the development of digital technology
  • comparing spoken and written texts (for example, spoken and print advertisements, face-to-face conversations and emails) to understand how mode relates to linguistic structures and features, and how this affects meaning
  • understanding that languages incorporate other languages into their systems and examining how this takes place in Korean, for example, 조깅해요, 온라인으로

  VCKOU207 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCKOC030

  Reflect on own identity and on how it is affected by the experience of Korean language learning

  Elaborations

  • gathering examples of language/s used by various people in different contexts, including the Korean language spoken by Koreans in different social/age groups and in different places, and discussing how the examples reveal aspects of identity
  • discussing challenges and rewards they feel during intercultural interactions and how the experience of learning and using Korean challenges preconceptions or stereotypes and helps them to revise own attitudes
  • recounting personal stories, in oral, written or digital forms, about significant encounters, explaining why they consider them significant
  • monitoring own language use and sense of identity across a range of intercultural interactions, such as by using a blog or journal, and considering personal experience, perspectives and values about being a learner and user of Korean
  • sharing with others the ongoing influence of Korean language learning on the shaping of their identity

  VCKOC030 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCKOC201

  Investigate different aspects of their personal sense of identity, considering how learning and experiencing Korean language and culture have (or have not) changed own sense of identity, views or attitudes

  Elaborations

  • producing an autobiography in various formats such as articles, photo stories with captions, digital stories or short films, including important episodes related to the experience of learning Korean language and culture that have impacted on their identity and attitudes
  • composing a ‘cultural ID profile’ to exchange with Korean-speaking friends, making decisions about what information will be of most interest
  • sharing with others, views and opinions on the ongoing influence of Korean language learning, relating it to own aspirations and ambitions, for example, composing a self-portrait with reference to Korean language and culture after 10 years
  • reflecting on own cultural identity in terms of family background, community relationships and contact with languages (including contact with Korean and other languages and cultures), tracking changes over time or context

  VCKOC201 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCKOC199

  Create bilingual texts that reflect aspects of Australian culture (for example, Christmas celebrations) for Korean-speaking audiences in the school and wider community including virtual communities, reflecting on how meaning can be conveyed effectively

  Elaborations

  • creating captions or commentaries using Korean or English to accompany texts produced in English or Korean such as lyrics, video clips and film extracts, exchanging and comparing own bilingual texts with peers, discussing which version better fits the original version and why
  • producing public texts for different contexts in both Korean and English such as brochures, advertisements or leaflets, for example, for Korean exchange students to Australia or for student visitors to Korea on a study tour, and reflecting on the process of working in both languages
  • creating bilingual texts such as video clips with subtitles explaining Australian cultural practices, for example, bushwalking, New Year’s Eve celebrations, the Melbourne Cup

  VCKOC199 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCKOU038

  Analyse and comment on cultural and linguistic practices indifferent contexts and reflect on own and others’ communicative practices

  Elaborations

  • examining cultural backgrounds underlying culturally appropriate body language, gestures and verbal expressions in Korean and other languages
  • reflecting on diverse interpretations of everyday language use in Korean, including body language and gestures, and identifying Korean cultural elements, making comparisons with own language, for example, possible interpretations of such expressions as 어디 가요? and 밥 먹었어요? as either greetings or genuine questions, depending on the context
  • recognising that cultural values, customs and practices are constantly changing and are evident in language use, for example, the use of kinship terms to refer to people who are not blood relations, such as 오빠/형, 언니/누나, 이모, 삼촌
  • recognising that language use can reflect and express cultural identity; that multiple languages exist in both Korea and Australia, including indigenous languages; and that many people are multilingual and value this capability as an integral part of their identity

  VCKOU038 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCKOU204

  Understand and use vocabulary that conveys abstract ideas and establishes register and style for specific audiences

  Elaborations

  • using a range of common nouns and verbs to describe activities and phenomena taking place in home, school and the wider context, such as transport, networking, festivals, weather, seasons, nature, transactions, for example, 여행, 기차, 비행기, …, 축제, 숙제, 음악, 산, 강, 호수, …, 여름, 겨울, …, 영화, 입장권, 표, …, 차례, 소리, 바쁘다, 아끼다, 춥다, 덥다, …, 많다, 적다, …,연락하다, 편리하다, 친절하다, 다치다, 시작하다, 출발하다, 도착하다, 참가하다, 기다리다
  • using abstract nouns and verbs associated with abstract or complex concepts, processes, attitudes, for example, 방법,문제, 계획(하다), 신선하다, 생각하다, 심각하다, 생기다, 되다, 그렇다, 믿다, 확신하다
  • using a range of descriptive verbs to express qualities of people, animals or nature, such as character, appearance or scenery, including some complex personal attributes, for example, 착하다, 부지런하다, 게으르다, 참을성이 있다, 정직하다, 깨끗하다
  • using specialised vocabulary drawn from other learning areas or broader topics of interest such as social or environmental issues, including some highly abstract words, special terminology, some loan words from English and some figurative use of common words (for example, ‘지구가 죽는다’): 지구, 북극, 남극,빙하, 환경, 자연, 태풍, 사이클론, 캠페인, 에너지, 청소년, 실업, 녹다, 보호(하다), 절약(하다), 낭비(하다), 파괴되다, ‘쓰레기 분리수거’, ‘환경보호’, ‘지구 온난화’, ‘다문화 사회’
  • using/recognising some well-known Korean geographical names (for example, 부산, 제주도)
  • identifying Korean names of some folk genres such as 민요, 설화 or 탈춤, and some titles of Korean folk songs or folk tales such as 아리랑, 강강술래, 심청전 or 흥부전
  • using/recognising some procedural vocabulary relating to some aspects of everyday life such as operating appliances or cooking instant food, for example, 국수, 국물, 정도 (for example, 4분 정도) 냄비, 끓이다, 넣다, 붓다, 젓다
  • using reflective/sympathetic words or phrases to signal empathy, down-toning or indirect disagreement, or just as a pause filler, for example, 그렇지요?; 좋았겠어요;아마; 글쎄요; 그런가요?; 아닌 것 같은데요
  • expanding and using honorific or humble vocabulary, for example, 주무시다, 여쭤 보다
  • expanding the range and use of adverbs, for example,훨씬, 함께, 겨우, 아마, 한번, 모두, 분명히, 하마터면
  • expanding the use of temporal vocabulary, including 작년, 올해, 내년, …전/후
  • using elements of metalanguage appropriately, for example, 단어, 명사, 동사, 줄임말, 높임말/존대말, 문장
  • inferring meanings of unknown words or expressions from information available from the text or context

  VCKOU204 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOU037

  Understand the symbolic nature and power of language in local and global contexts

  Elaborations

  • understanding the nature of language that reflects and may effect changes in peoples’ way of thinking and in aspects of society, finding examples from Korean, English and other known languages (for example, discouraging the use of language that implies social discrimination or replacing it with alternatives or newly created vocabulary
  • identifying the function and power of cultural expressions such as stories, symbols, icons and anthems, for example, 단군신화, 애국가, 아리랑, 태극기, the Dreamtime, Aboriginal and Australian flags
  • exploring and discussing how and why new products and practices from other cultures are adopted, typically with terminology in the language/s associated
  • collecting and discussing examples of language impacting on society and culture, drawing on other learning areas such as history, social studies and the arts

  VCKOU037 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCKOU031

  Understand and use key features of Korean sound and writing systems, including pronunciation, intonation and print conventions, applying this understanding to own speech and writing

  Elaborations

  • recognising and reproducing sounds of Korean in sentences consisting of multiple clauses, attending to pauses and intonation to identify clause sequences and types of sentences
  • pronouncing syllable blocks in a word, making appropriate changes to the sounds on syllable boundaries according to pronunciation rules, for example, pronouncing such words as 한국어, 같이, 감사합니다, 먹고 and어떻게 as 항구거, 가치, 감사함니다, 먹꼬 and 어떠케
  • experimenting with pronunciation rules and intonation collaboratively with peers
  • using basic punctuation in writing, including a question mark (?) for questions and a full stop (.) for other types of sentences
  • using spacing and spelling rules in reading and writing, recognising their differences to English, for example, 소라가 방에 있어요 versus 소라 가방에 있어요

  VCKOU031 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOC196

  Review and respond to different types of creative texts in different modes, identifying aspects of the language and culture that help to create effects such as emotion

  Elaborations

  • listening to, reading and viewing imaginative texts such as short stories, films, poetry, raps and songs, and:
    • identifying emotional aspects of the texts that are specific to Korean language and culture, for example, the use of expressive language and the description of animals
    • critically reflecting on and sharing own responses with others
  • reading texts including those in digital and online modes such as extracts from a biography or diary for enjoyment and to gain insights into other people’s experiences and perspectives
  • modifying existing texts, for example, creating an alternative ending, introducing a new character, changing the setting or adding a major event, or providing a video clip to accompany and reinforce the meaning expressed in lyrics
  • creating texts to parody existing texts and to explore a range of genres, for example, re-creating a music clip or advertisement
  • identifying and responding to key messages and values in traditional texts such as 민요, (for example, 아리랑, 강강술래), 설화 (for example, 심청전, 흥부전) or dialogues in 탈춤, and considering their relevance in modern times
  • discussing how texts such as films, plays and songs portray social issues (such as conflict in relationships or poverty) and values (such as honesty and humility)

  VCKOC196 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCKOU209

  Understand that language and culture are interrelated and reflect on how they shape and are shaped by each other

  Elaborations

  • recognising that language and culture are intertwined in texts and together convey cultural perspectives, concepts and values
  • analysing how the Korean language may reflect cultural perspectives and values such as collectivism, harmony, humility and the importance of ties between family members, for example, arange of kinship terms extending to remote relations, using kinship terms rather than first names to address members ofthe family and norms such as showing deference and saving face, for example, 네, 괜찮아요
  • investigating the origins of particular expressions or words, developing awareness of the origins of meanings and how these may or may not change over time
  • reflecting on own experiences of moving between cultures in the school, local and virtual communities and on their different roles played in different intercultural exchanges as a learner and user of Korean
  • recognising the historical, political and cultural functions and values of language, researching how the Korean language played a role in maintaining the Korean people’s culture and everyday life under the cultural and linguistic oppression during the early 19th century colonial period and how Korean culture and language lived it out, flourish and are recognised in the contemporary world

  VCKOU209 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCKOC029

  Interact with Korean speakers and resources, recognising that intercultural communication involves shared responsibility for meaning-making

  Elaborations

  • interacting with Koreans, noticing social norms and practices such as the use of personal space, gender roles, respect for older people, boyfriend or girlfriend relationships, same-sex hand-holding, and acceptable topics of conversation (for example, 몇 살이에요?), and considering own reactions
  • describing their experience of authentic or virtual interaction involving Korean language and culture, for example, face-to-face interaction with community members through excursions or at Korean festivals, web-chatting, or other forms of social networking
  • monitoring, recording and reflecting on intercultural experiences, examining aspects that were unexpected, comfortable or uncomfortable, successful or unsuccessful, and considering possible reasons for such feelings of comfort/discomfort
  • recognising that social values such as politeness can be expressed differently indifferent cultures, and understanding features of Korean etiquette such as avoiding direct refusal, aiming to please by answering a question even if they don’t know the answer, expressing gratitude through actions and not necessarily language (for example, limited use of 고맙습니다, 감사합니다) and waiting to be invited to eat or drink

  VCKOC029 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting