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• VC2M3SP01

  make, compare and classify objects, identifying key features and explaining why these features make them suited to their uses

  Elaborations

  • classifying a collection of geometric objects, including cylinders, spheres, prisms and pyramids, according to key features such as the shape and number of faces and/or surfaces, edges and vertices
  • making and comparing objects built out of cubic blocks and discussing key features; for example, comparing the amount of space that objects occupy by counting how many blocks it takes to build different rectangular prisms that have the same height but different bases
  • making geometric objects in solid form out of connecting cubes and in skeleton form with straws, and constructing objects using dynamic geometry software, recognising, comparing and discussing the features of the objects using the different representations
  • using familiar shapes and objects to build or construct models and compare the suitability of different shapes and objects for aspects of the model; for example, building rectangular towers out of connecting cubes and recognising that the taller the tower, the less stable it becomes unless the base is increased; or building bridges out of straws bent into different shapes and comparing the strength of different designs
  • identifying, classifying and comparing common objects found on Country/Place as cubes, rectangular prisms, cylinders, cones and spheres
  • investigating and explaining how Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ dwellings are oriented in the environment to accommodate climatic conditions

  VC2M3SP01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Space

• VC2M3M01

  identify which metric units are used to measure everyday items; use measurements of familiar items and known units to make estimates

  Elaborations

  • examining the packaging on supermarket items to determine the metric unit used to describe the mass or volume of the contents
  • identifying items that have a mass of one kilogram or 500 grams, or a capacity of one litre or 500 millilitres, and using these benchmarks to estimate the mass or capacity of other things, explaining their reasoning
  • estimating the height of a tree by comparing it to the height of their friend and quoting the result as ‘The tree is about 3 times as tall’; and estimating the capacity of a fish tank by using a litre milk carton as a benchmark
  • choosing and using metres to estimate the dimensions of the classroom

  VC2M3M01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Measurement

• VC2M3SP02

  interpret and create two-dimensional representations of familiar environments, locating key landmarks and objects relative to each other

  Elaborations

  • designing the layout of a space; for example, designing a proposed games room or a classroom using a blank sheet of paper as the boundary and cut-outs of shapes to represent furniture from a top-view perspective
  • locating themselves within a space, such as a basketball court, oval, stage or assembly hall, guided by a simple hand-held plan indicating the different positions of the participants in the activity
  • sketching a map indicating where they have hidden an object within the classroom, swapping maps with partners and then providing feedback about what was helpful and what was confusing on the map
  • identifying differences in the representation of a place on a map, in an aerial photograph, in a street view and in a satellite image, and discussing the different information the representations can give
  • exploring land maps or cultural maps used by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples to locate, identify and position important landmarks such as waterholes

  VC2M3SP02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Space

• VC2M3A03

  recall and demonstrate proficiency with multiplication facts for 3, 4, 5 and 10; extend and apply facts to develop the related division facts

  Elaborations

  • using concrete or virtual materials, groups and repeated addition to recognise patterns and establish the 3, 4, 5 and 10 multiplication facts; for example, using the language of ‘3 groups of 2 equals 6’ to develop into ‘3 twos are 6’ and extend to establish the 3 × 10 multiplication facts and related division facts
  • recognising that when they multiply a number by 5, the resulting number will either end in a 5 or a zero; and using a calculator or spreadsheet to generate a list of the multiples of 5 to develop the multiplication and related division facts for fives
  • practising calculating and deriving multiplication facts for 3, 4, 5 and 10, explaining and recalling the patterns in them and using them to derive related division facts
  • systematically exploring algorithms used for repeated addition, comparing and describing what is happening, and using them to establish the multiplication facts for 3, 4, 5 and 10; for example, following the sequence of steps, the decisions being made and the resulting solution, recognising and generalising any emerging patterns

  VC2M3A03 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Algebra

• VC2M3M02

  measure and compare objects using familiar metric units of length, mass and capacity, and instruments with labelled markings

  Elaborations

  • making a measuring tape using metric units of length and using it to measure and compare things, for example, the girth of a tree; and explaining that the lines on a ruler show the beginning and end of each unit
  • using a strip of one-centimetre grid paper to measure and compare the length of objects, connecting this with centimetre units on a ruler and using fractions of a graduation to give a more accurate measure
  • discussing how the capacity of a container or object usually refers to the amount of liquid it can hold, measured in millilitres and litres, and comparing the capacity of different sizes of familiar drinks (for example, 600-millilitre, one-litre, 2-litre and 3-litre milk containers)
  • measuring and comparing the mass of objects and capacity of containers, using measuring jugs and kitchen or other scales and standard metric units of millilitres, litres, grams and kilograms; and interpreting and explaining what the lines on the measuring jug or scales mean
  • comparing the capacity of different beakers used in science lessons and using the numbered graduations to measure out different capacities of liquid

  VC2M3M02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Measurement

• VC2M3ST01

  acquire data for categorical and discrete numerical variables to address a question of interest or purpose by observing, collecting and accessing data sets; record the data using appropriate methods, including frequency tables and spreadsheets

  Elaborations

  • using efficient ways to collect and record data (for example, written surveys, online surveys, polling the class using interactive digital mediums) and representing and reporting the results of investigations
  • developing questions of interest and using surveys, observations or experiments to collect categorical, discrete numerical or qualitative data sets and discussing what kind of data can be used to help inform or answer the question in a statistical investigation
  • using lists, tallies, symbols and digital data tables to record and display data collected during a chance experiment, for interpretation
  • using different online sources to access data; for example, using online query interfaces to select and retrieve data from an online database such as weather records, data frequency mapping software such as Google Trends, or the World Health Organization
  • using software to sort and calculate data when solving problems; for example, sorting discrete numerical and categorical data in ascending or descending order and automating simple arithmetic calculations using nearby cells and the summation (‘sum’) function in spreadsheets to calculate total frequencies of collected data

  VC2M3ST01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Statistics

• VC2M3M05

  identify angles as measures of turn and use right angles as a reference to compare angles in everyday situations

  Elaborations

  • using quarter, half and three-quarter turns and comparing them to a right angle, for example, a quarter turn is the same as a right angle; a half a turn is greater than a right angle and is the same as 2 right angles; a three-quarter turn is greater than a right angle and is the same as 3 right angles
  • recognising that right angles occur at the corners of many everyday objects, for example, books, windows, tabletops and whiteboards
  • identifying angles that are bigger than, smaller than and the same as a right angle in the environment; for example, opening doors partially and fully and comparing the angles created to a right angle
  • exploring Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children’s instructive games to investigate angles as measures of turn, for example, in the game Waayin from the Datiwuy People in the northern part of the Northern Territory

  VC2M3M05 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Measurement

• VC2M3N08

  use mathematical modelling to solve practical problems involving additive and multiplicative situations, including financial contexts; formulate problems using number sentences and choose calculation strategies, using digital tools where appropriate; interpret and communicate solutions in terms...

  Elaborations

  • modelling practical additive situations, choosing whether to use an addition, subtraction or both when representing the problem as a number sentence, and explaining how each number in their number sentence is connected to the situation
  • modelling additive problems using a bar model to represent the problem; for example, modelling the problem ‘I had 75 tomatoes and then picked some more. Now I have 138. How many did I pick?’
  • modelling practical multiplicative situations using materials or a diagram to represent the problem; for example, if 4 tomato plants each have 6 tomatoes, deciding whether to use an addition or multiplication number sentence, explaining how each number in their number sentence is connected to the situation
  • modelling and solving practical division problems involving unknown numbers of groups or finding how much is in each group by representing the problem with both division and multiplication number sentences, and explaining how the 2 number sentences are connected to the problem
  • modelling the problem of deciding how to share an amount equally (for example, 48 horses into 2, 4, 6 or 8 paddocks), representing the shares with a division and a multiplication number sentence, and counting the number in each share to check the solutions

  VC2M3N08 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Number

• VC2M3A02

  extend and apply knowledge of addition and subtraction facts to 20 to develop efficient mental strategies for computation with larger numbers without a calculator

  Elaborations

  • partitioning using materials and part-part-whole diagrams to develop subtraction facts related to addition facts, such as 8 + 7 = 15 therefore 15 − 7 = 8 and 15 − 8 = 7
  • using partitioning to develop and record facts systematically (for example, ‘How many ways can 12 monkeys be spread among 2 trees?’, 12 = 12 + 0, 12 = 11 + 1, 12 = 10 + 2, 12 = 9 + 3, …), explaining how they know they have found all possible partitions
  • understanding basic addition and related subtraction facts and using extensions to these facts; for example, 6 + 6 = 12, 16 + 6 = 22, 6 + 7 = 13, 16 + 7 = 23, and 60 + 60 = 120, 600 + 600 = 1200

  VC2M3A02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Algebra

• VC2M3A01

  recognise and explain the connection between addition and subtraction as inverse operations, apply to partition numbers and find unknown values in number sentences

  Elaborations

  • partitioning numbers using materials, part-part-whole diagrams or bar models, and recording addition and subtraction facts for each representation, explaining how each fact is connected to the materials, diagrams or models (for example, 16 + 8 = 24, 24 − 8 = 16, 8 = 24 − 16)
  • using the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction to find unknown values with a calculator or by counting on; for example, representing the problem ‘Peter had some money and then spent $375. Now he has $158 left. How much did Peter have to start with?’ as □ − $375 = $158 and solving the problem using $375 + $158 = $533; or solving 27 + □ = 63 using subtraction, □ = 63 – 27, or by counting on 27, 37, 47, 57, 60, 63, so add 3 tens and 6 ones, so □ = 36
  • exploring Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ stories and dances that show the connection between addition and subtraction, representing this as a number sentence and discussing how this conveys important information about balance in processes on Country/Place

  VC2M3A01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 3 | Algebra