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• VCGGK109

  The spiritual, economic, cultural and aesthetic value of water for people, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and peoples of the Asia region, that influence the significance of places

  Elaborations

  • examining and comparing places in Australia and countries of the Asia region that have economies and communities based on irrigation. For example, rice production in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area in NSW and the Mekong Delta in Vietnam
  • exploring the multilayered meanings (material, cultural and spiritual wellbeing) associated with rivers, waterholes, seas, lakes, soaks and springs for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • examining bays, rivers, waterfalls or lakes in Australia and in countries of the Asia region that have been listed as either World Heritage sites or national parks for their aesthetic and cultural value
  • investigating the spiritual significance of water in an Asian culture

  VCGGK109 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Water in the world

• VCGGK120

  Spiritual, cultural and aesthetic value of landscapes and landforms for people, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, that influence the significance of places, and ways of protecting significant landscapes

  Elaborations

  • discussing the significance of landscapes in literature, song/music, film, art and identity
  • analysing the role of landforms and landscapes in tourism. For example, Uluru in Australia or the Grand Canyon in the USA
  • exploring the multilayered meanings (material, cultural and spiritual wellbeing) associated with landscapes and landforms by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • identifying different views about the recreational, psychological, aesthetic and spiritual value of particular environments and about the nature and extent of their protection, and discussing how this links to ideas about environmental sustainability
  • investigating a significant landscape that is threatened by human activities and developing a proposal for the future of the landscape that takes account of the views of the diverse groups, including Traditional Owners, with an interest in its use or protection

  VCGGK120 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Landforms and landscapes

• VCGGK114

  Influence of social connectedness and community identity on the liveability of places

  Elaborations

  • discussing the different types of places where people and groups can feel included or excluded, safe or threatened, and evaluating how this affects perceptions about liveability of places
  • investigating the extent to which people in their place are socially connected or socially isolated and its effect on liveability

  VCGGK114 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Place and liveability

• VCGGK095

  Impacts of bushfires or floods on environments and communities, and how people can respond

  Elaborations

  • mapping and explaining the location, frequency and severity of bushfires or flooding in Australia
  • explaining the impacts of fire on Australian vegetation and the significance of fire damage to human communities
  • researching how the application of principles of prevention, mitigation and preparedness minimises the harmful effects of bushfires or flooding
  • suggesting collective action in response to impact of floods on a community and describing the likely effects of this action on different groups of people

  VCGGK095 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Knowledge | Factors that shape places and influence interconnections

• VCGGK091

  Location of the major countries of Europe and North America, in relation to Australia and their major characteristics including the influence of people on the environmental characteristics of places in at least two countries from both continents

  Elaborations

  • using geographical tools, such as printed and electronic atlases, to identify the relative location of Europe and North America and their environmental characteristics
  • researching the changes made by people to a particular environment in one region in Europe or North America and comparing findings with other regions researched by students

  VCGGK091 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Knowledge | Factors that shape places and influence interconnections

• VCGGK069

  Reasons why some places are special and some places are important to people and how they can be looked after

  Elaborations

  • identifying and describing places they consider to be ‘special’. For example, their room, a play area, holiday location or an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander place of family significance, and explaining why the place is special to them
  • discussing different ways people care for their ‘special places’
  • discussing how places provide people with their basic needs, for example, water, food and shelter
  • proposing possible actions that could be taken by the student to improve an important place such as the school grounds or local park
  • discussing with their teacher, other students and members of their family what they know and have learned about different places, why they need to be looked after, and how this could be achieved

  VCGGK069 | The Humanities | Geography | Foundation to Level 2 | Geographical Knowledge | Places and our connections to them

• VCGGC099

  Explain processes that influence the characteristics of places

  Elaborations

  • explaining the physical causes and the temporal and spatial patterns of an atmospheric or hydrological hazard through a study of either droughts, storms, tropical cyclones or floods
  • exploring the geomorphology of the land and how this affects the liveability of a place
  • contrasting the effects of geomorphic processes that lower the land surface (weathering and erosion) and those that raise the land surface (transportation and deposition)
  • discussing urbanisation as a shift in where, how and why people live where they do

  VCGGC099 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGK097

  Factors that influence people’s awareness and opinion of places

  Elaborations

  • identifying factors that influence people’s awareness and opinions of places, for example, the media, significant known events, proximity to places and personal relationships with places
  • suggesting a course of action on a global issue that is significant to them and describing how different groups could respond

  VCGGK097 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Knowledge | Factors that shape places and influence interconnections

• VCGGK094

  Influence of people, including the influence of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, on the environmental characteristics of Australian places

  Elaborations

  • identifying how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities altered the environment through their methods of land and resource management
  • exploring the extent of change in the local environment over time, through for example, vegetation clearance, fencing, urban development, drainage, irrigation, farming, forest plantations or mining

  VCGGK094 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Knowledge | Factors that shape places and influence interconnections

• VCGGK050

  How places can be defined at a variety of scales

  Elaborations

  • considering how street addresses define places locally, regionally and nationally
  • using large-scale and small-scale maps while investigating places and how they are defined

  VCGGK050 | The Humanities | Geography | Level D | Geographical Knowledge | Places and our connections to them

• VCGGC087

  Describe and explain interconnections within places and between places, and the effects of these interconnections

  Elaborations

  • researching connections between Australia and countries in the Asia region, for example, in terms of trade, migration, tourism, aid, education, defence or cultural influences; and explaining the effects of at least one of these connections on their own place and another place in Australia
  • explaining the impacts of fire on Australian vegetation and the significance of fire damage to human communities
  • comparing how people have responded to climatic conditions in similar and different places and factors that may have influenced this such as culture and technology
  • exploring the extent of change in the local environment over time, through for example, vegetation clearance, fencing, urban development, drainage, irrigation, farming, forest plantations or mining
  • researching the changes made by people to a particular environment in one region in Europe or North America and comparing findings with other regions researched by students

  VCGGC087 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Place, space and interconnection

• VCGGK134

  Environmental, economic and technological factors that influence crop yields in Australia and across the world

  Elaborations

  • investigating the environmental constraints on agricultural production in Australia, such as soil moisture, water resources and soils, and the extent to which agricultural innovations have overcome them
  • investigating how high crop yields around the world (for example from wheat, rice and maize) are related to factors such as irrigation, accessibility, labour supply, landforms and agricultural technologies, such as high yielding varieties
  • using the concept of soil moisture budget to examine the spatial and seasonal quantity of soil moisture available for agriculture in different places in Australia

  VCGGK134 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Biomes and food security

• VCGGK139

  Perceptions people have of place, and how this influences their connections to different places

  Elaborations

  • comparing people's perception and use of places and spaces in their local area, such as different age groups
  • investigating how people in places in other countries perceive, use and are connected to their place and space

  VCGGK139 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Geographies of interconnection

• VCGGK096

  Environmental and human influences on the location and characteristics of places and the management of spaces within them

  Elaborations

  • comparing how people have responded to climatic conditions in similar and different places and factors that may have influenced this such as culture and technology
  • investigating the influence of landforms on the development of settlements that are involved in food and fibre production. For example, river valleys such as the Murray-Darling, Yellow (Huang He), Yangtze, Amazon, Mekong or Ganges
  • explaining why most Australians live close to the coast rather than in inland Australia
  • examining how the use of the space within their local place is organised through zoning
  • investigating a current local planning issue, such as the redevelopment of a site, preservation of open space or subdivision of farming land, exploring why people have different views on the issue, and developing a class response to it

  VCGGK096 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Knowledge | Factors that shape places and influence interconnections

• VCGGK112

  Influence of accessibility to services and facilities; and environmental quality, on the liveability of places

  Elaborations

  • comparing accessibility to and availability of a range of services and facilities between different types of settlements (urban, rural and remote) in Australia and other countries. For example, shops, access to clean water, sanitation, education and health services
  • examining the role transport plays in people’s ability to access services and participate in activities in the local area
  • explaining the importance of water quality to the liveability of places
  • investigating the concept of environmental quality and surveying the environmental quality of their local area and its effect on liveability
  • exploring the geomorphology of the land and how this affects the liveability of a place

  VCGGK112 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Place and liveability

• VCGGK138

  Challenges in feeding the current and projected populations of Australia and the world, and responses to these challenges

  Elaborations

  • examining the effects of anticipated future population growth on global food production and security, and its implications for agriculture and agricultural innovation
  • researching the potential of agricultural production in northern Australia
  • identifying how poverty, food wastage, government policies and trade barriers could affect future food security
  • applying an understanding of the functioning of natural and agricultural ecosystems to investigate ways of making Australian agriculture more sustainable
  • examining a contemporary geographical issue related to food production and security and debating alternative responses that consider environmental, economic and social factors

  VCGGK138 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Biomes and food security

• VCGGK115

  Strategies used to enhance the liveability of places, especially for young people, including examples from Australia and Europe

  Elaborations

  • researching methods implemented in Australia and Europe to improve the liveability of a place, and evaluating their applicability to their own locality
  • developing a specific proposal to improve an aspect of the liveability of their place, taking into account the needs of diverse groups in the community, including, for example, young people through fieldwork in the local recreation area or Traditional Owners by developing bilingual signage or indigenous garden projects
  • discussing the impact of increasing housing density on the liveability of places, and on their environmental sustainability

  VCGGK115 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Place and liveability

• VCGGK098

  Australia’s connections with other countries and how these change people and places

  Elaborations

  • investigating a significant event, such as a severe earthquake or the Olympic Games, and examining its local, regional and global effects on people and places, and discussing the types of responses
  • researching connections between Australia and countries in the Asia region, for example, through trade, migration, tourism, aid, education, defence or cultural influences; and explaining the effects of at least one of these connections on their own place and another place in Australia
  • exploring the provision of Australian government or non-government aid to a country in the Asia region or elsewhere in the world and analysing its effects on places in that country
  • investigating the influence of longitude, time zones and the International Date Line on connections with other countries

  VCGGK098 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 5 and 6 | Geographical Knowledge | Factors that shape places and influence interconnections

• VCGGK151

  Reasons and consequences for spatial variations in human wellbeing on a regional scale within India or another country of the Asia region; and on a local scale in Australia

  Elaborations

  • examining spatial data on human wellbeing in India to identify the regions with different levels of wellbeing, identifying patterns and debating explanations of the differences
  • examining how a person’s wellbeing is influenced by where they live, with reference to at least two different scales in a country of the Asia region
  • researching spatial differences in the wellbeing of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population across Australia, and the extent to which these differences depend on how wellbeing is measured
  • explaining the spatial pattern of human wellbeing in Australia at a local scale, such as within a city or region, and its causes

  VCGGK151 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Geographies of human wellbeing

• VCGGK145

  Environmental, economic and technological factors that influence environmental change and human responses to its management

  Elaborations

  • identifying human-induced environmental changes, such as water and atmospheric pollution, loss of biodiversity, degradation of land, inland and coastal aquatic environments, and evaluating the challenges they pose for the sustainability of environmental functions
  • evaluating the concept of ecosystem services and the importance of these services for sustainability of biodiversity
  • discussing whether environmental change is necessarily a problem that should be managed
  • proposing geographical management strategies for the environmental change being investigated, for example, establishing reserves and corridors to preserve biodiversity (a spatial strategy), ecosystem-based management (an environmental strategy), urban planning to reduce energy consumption (a spatial strategy), and addressing the underlying as well as immediate causes of environmental change (holistic thinking)
  • applying the concept of place to explain the variety of strategies and solutions to similar environmental changes in different places

  VCGGK145 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Environmental change and management