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• VCHIU089

  Explore how using different languages to make meaning affects how they and their peers think, behave and communicate

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on the relationship between their use of Hindi, English and other languages/dialects and their sense of identity
  • discussing whether ideas and values are expressed differently in different languages, for example, in relation to family relationships or peer group interests
  • reflecting on concepts such as global citizenship, national identity and intercultural communication, discussing the relationship between these concepts and languages and cultures
  • discussing the effects of using either Hindi or English on how they express feelings, debate ideas or construct arguments

  VCHIU089 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCHIC076

  Research, interpret and evaluate information presented from different perspectives in relation to youth-related interests, identifying how culture and context affect how information is presented

  Elaborations

  • identifying different perspectives on selected social issues featured on television, radio or online forums, using the material as stimulus for debates or presentations, for example, जनसँख्या; भेदभाव; बेरोज़गारी, वैश्वीकरण, मानव अधिकार
  • comparing information published in different media on topical issues or well-known personalities in order to demonstrate the relationship between texts and cultural contexts, for example, by analysing language used in commentaries on क्रिकेट or reflections on Bhagat Singh, Subhash Chandra Bose, Rabindranath Tagore
  • conducting face-to-face or online interviews or surveys with peers, family or community members to compare experiences such as migration to Australia, living ‘across’ cultures or relationships with technology
  • critically analysing texts such as blogs, letters or newspaper announcements, distinguishing between facts and opinions, and identifying author intent, for example, by reading and discussing letters by Jawahar Lal Nehru, पिता के पत्र पुत्री के नाम
  • comparing representations in texts such as advertisements for mobile phones, beauty products or fast food in Hindi and English, considering why particular language or images have been selected
  • listening to interviews with celebrities from fields such as entertainment, sport or politics, identifying expressions or cultural references that convey a sense of culture or context

  VCHIC076 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCHIU070

  Reflect on changes in their own use of Hindi over time in social, community and school contexts, explaining reasons for changes or adaptations

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on changes in their ways of communicating in Hindi, identifying terms, expressions or behaviours that have become part of their everyday language through the influence of technology, social media and intercultural experience
  • talking with older members of their families or communities about changes they have experienced in their use of Hindi and about their observations of how the language has changed over time
  • discussing how their use of language reflects different and changing relationships, for example, familiarity with friends, respect for elders and authority figures
  • finding examples of changes in language use within their own families and friendship groups which have come about through globalisation and the influence of other languages, for example, माँ, अम्मा, माताजी being replaced in some families by मम्मी
  • identifying how social media and technology have influenced their own ways of communicating, for example, by compiling a glossary of terms they use in emails or text messages, such as अब (ATM), फिर मिलेंगे CU, जाना होगा (G2G), हे हे (LOL), फिर बात करते हैं (TTL)

  VCHIU070 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCHIC101

  Discuss the nature of identity and of cultural experience, considering the relationship between the two

  Elaborations

  • discussing what identity is and how their own sense of identity is influenced by their experience of living in a multicultural society and of identifying with particular language communities
  • considering how their sense of identity changes over time, taking into account changes in language use at home, in school and in the wider community
  • discussing whether their relationships with people of different generations, gender and language backgrounds influence their ways of communicating
  • reflecting on how their own perspectives and ways of communicating may be perceived by others, for example, in relation to language choice or code-switching and to behaviours that may be perceived as ‘cultural’
  • exploring how using different languages to make meaning and drawing from varied cultural resources affects how they think, behave and communicate
  • discussing whether being bilingual and bicultural affects their sense of identity in ways that involve culture as well as language

  VCHIC101 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCHIU088

  Categorise observed changes to Hindi in domains of use such as education, media, popular culture and intercultural communication

  Elaborations

  • identifying changes in Hindi language forms and communicative styles in domains of use such as IT, diplomacy and commerce
  • classifying words and expressions from other languages that they use in different curriculum areas such as science, visual arts, economics, social studies
  • creating glossaries of terms that originated in other languages that they use in different areas of their own lives, for example, Persian सरकार, Arabic अदालत,Turkish क़ुली and Japanese रिक्शा
  • talking with older members of their families or communities about changes to Hindi across their lifetime, such as the blending of English and Hindi in language used in entertainment, news and sports commentary or advertising
  • analysing the language of the internet in terms of inter-language influences, for example, by identifying examples of Hindi words that have been adapted to accommodate concepts expressed in other languages

  VCHIU088 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCHIU016

  Recognise that all languages change over time and borrow words and expressions from each other

  Elaborations

  • recognising that languages borrow words and expressions from each other and that Hindi includes many words that originated in languages such as Persian, Arabic and English
  • identifying loan words and expressions from English used in Hindi, understanding that they may be pronounced differently in the two languages, for example, phone is pronounced as फ़ोन, dollar is pronounced as डालर
  • finding examples of Hindi words that are used in other languages, for example, ‘yoga’ (योग), ‘sari’ (साड़ी), ‘khaki’ (खाकी), ‘pyjama’ (पायजामा)
  • noticing words that they use in their everyday lives that come from different languages

  VCHIU016 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCHIU090

  Understand that Hindi language and associated cultures are inter-related, that they shape and are shaped by each other and that their relationship changes over time and across contexts

  Elaborations

  • identifying words such as अहिंसा, धर्म-कर्म that carry cultural connotations and may be differently used and understood by people in different cultural contexts
  • tracking changes in Hindi language forms and usage over different times and contexts, for example, मोटरगाड़-कार
  • identifying compound words used in contemporary Hindi that fuse Hindi and English to capture trends, convey concepts and engage with intercultural experience, for example, tension mat lo, accent maarna
  • identifying changes in Hindi that reflect the impact of globalisation and transcultural experience, such as the mixing of languages and the adoption of practices associated with different communities and cultures
  • analysing the relationship between language and culture by examining a concept such as that of शुभमुहुर्त, for example, मोहन और गीता की सगाई के शुभ अवसर पर आपकी परिवार सहित उपस्थिति प्रार्थनीय है

  VCHIU090 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCHIU124

  Understand that languages and associated cultures shape and are shaped by each other and change over time and contexts in ways that are creative, dynamic and responsive to both internal and external influences

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on their own and each other’s use of Hindi, identifying influences from other languages and cultures such as terms used in everyday language as a result of the influence of social media, popular culture and technology
  • talking with older members of their families or communities about changes they have experienced in the use of Hindi across their lifetime, such as the increasing blending of English and Hindi in particular domains of language use such as entertainment, news and sports commentary and advertising
  • recognising that Hindi, like all languages, carries histories of contact with other languages and cultures, for example, by identifying and classifying words that originate in languages such as Persian सरकार; Arabic तलाक़; Turkish क़ुली; and Japanese रिक्शा
  • understanding that languages and cultures change continuously due to contact with each other and in response to new ideas, developments in technology, communication and design, considering why some types of words and expressions are most frequently borrowed, such as vocabulary associated with fashion, sport and technology
  • identifying ways in which social media and technology have brought about changes in communication in their own lives, for example, by compiling a glossary of terms routinely used in emails or text messages, such as अब (ATM), फिर मिलेंगे CU, जाना होगा (G2G), हे हे (LOL), फिर बात करते हैं (TTL)

  VCHIU124 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCHIU126

  Understand that the Hindi language and associated cultures, like all languages and cultures, shape and are shaped by each other in ways that change over time and contexts, and that cultural experience, values and identities are reflected in language

  Elaborations

  • tracking changes in Hindi language forms and usage over different times and contexts such as मोटरगाड़ी, कार
  • explaining the significance of single words in Hindi that represent complex and culturally significant concepts that do not translate directly into English, for example, दक्षिणा, शुभमुहुर्त, पूजा, साधू
  • considering reasons for the trend among young Hindi speakers to create abbreviated adaptations of English words, for example, funda (fundamental), despo (desperate), enthu (enthusiastic), comparing with the use of abbreviations such as ‘arvo’, ‘brekkie’, ‘footie’, ‘barbie’ in Australian English
  • identifying compound words used in colloquial Hindi that fuse Hindi and English to capture trends, convey concepts and engage with intercultural experience, for example, tension mat lo, accent maarna
  • discussing the significance of naming in different languages and cultures, for example, by exploring the origins and meanings of Hindi names such as आद्या, आशा, आर्य, बोधि, धर्म, गीता, सलमान and comparing with popular names in English and other languages
  • identifying changes in some forms of Hindi that reflect the impact of globalisation and intercultural experience, for example, the increasing mixing of languages and adoption of practices associated with other communities and cultures
  • exploring the idea that some elements of a language carry particular cultural significance, having come to assume symbolic as well literal value in ways that make translation difficult, for example, Hindi terms such as बिदाई, सन्यास, शुभमुहुर्त, मुहूर्त, and Australian expressions such as ‘mateship’ or ‘fair dinkum’
  • researching and classifying terms associated with particular cultural traditions and practices that have cultural significance or history and whose meanings are difficult to convey in other languages, for example, words associated with yogic practice such as संसार, मंत्र, कर्म, गुरू, ब्राह्मण, मोक्ष

  VCHIU126 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCHIU066

  Identify correspondence between individual and combined elements of spoken and written Hindi, such as pronunciation of consonant clusters or the pronunciation and spelling of English words used in Hindi

  Elaborations

  • recognising individual elements of spoken and written words, phrases and non-verbal forms of expression and noticing how they combine to make or to change meaning
  • recognising how words can be formed from base words, and understanding how prefixes and suffixes change the meaning of words, for example, जीव, सजीव, जीवंत, understanding the impact this has on pronunciation
  • recognising and identifying how to pronounce and spell loan words commonly used in Hindi from Persian and Arabic, such as क़ानून, फ़ालतू, and from English, such as ट्रेन, स्टेशन, स्कूल
  • recognising and understanding the impact on Hindi pronunciation and spelling in Devanagari of Sanskrit words (tatsam words) and of derived forms (tadbhav words), understanding that both forms can be used in different contexts; for example, क्षेत्र for ‘field’ in an abstract sense and खेत for a field for farming

  VCHIU066 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCHIU069

  Explore how language use varies according to context, purpose, audience and mode of delivery

  Elaborations

  • comparing and explaining the use of different styles of communication in different contexts, such as respectful, devotional or colloquial forms of expression आपकी यात्रा मंगलमय हो,सब ठीक-ठाक है?
  • identifying differences in features and register between spoken and written language, for example, in apologies, invitations or narratives कल मेरे घर आना, कल हमारे घर पधारिए/दर्शन दीजिए
  • comparing language and textual features used when communicating with different age groups, for example, amusing rhymes and terms of affection for small children, devotional texts for religious expression
  • identifying variations in language use between people of different ages, gender or status, for example, ways of showing authority or expressing humility
  • understanding that facial expressions, gestures and body language are key elements of communication and that they can be interpreted differently by different people
  • explaining variations in style, content and register of different expressions of wishes for a particular event or occasion such as Diwali, for example, हर घर में हो उजाला, आए न कभी रात काली हर घर मनाए ख़ुशियाँ, हर घर में हो दिवाली compared to an sms message such as शुभ दिवाली

  VCHIU069 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCHIU120

  Recognise regularities and irregularities of spoken Hindi and conventions of the written script, and apply these to their own language production in increasingly complex ways

  Elaborations

  • recognising and practising the spelling of words that involve combinations of pronouns and postpositions that lose the inherent ‘a’ inside a word in the representation in Devanagari script, such as in उसका, and understanding how the loss of the inherent ‘a’ at the end of a verb stem is not represented in Devanagari, for example, सुनना/सुनता
  • explaining and applying basic rules of Hindi pronunciation, spelling, punctuation and intonation
  • applying phonic and grammatical knowledge to the spelling and writing of unfamiliar words
  • recognising how words can be formed from base words and understanding how prefixes and suffixes change the meaning of words, for example, जीव, सजीव, जीवंत and the impact this has on pronunciation
  • recognising and understanding the impact on Hindi pronunciation and spelling in Devanagari of elements of direct forms of Sanskrit words (तत्सम words) and of derived forms (तद्भव words), understanding that both forms can be used in different contexts, for example, क्षेत्र for field in an abstract sense and खेत for a field for farming
  • increasing control of regular and irregular elements of spoken and written Hindi, such as the influence of accents and expressions on pronunciation and their impact on spelling, for example, the use of वो in spoken Hindi in place of वह in written Hindi
  • recognising the impermanent and fluid nature of spoken language and how it is influenced by local customs, cultures and regional languages, for example, the addition of honorifics such as ताई to women’s names by Marathi speakers and देवी to married women’s names by Biharis
  • recognising and responding to challenges associated with clarity and pace in audio texts, such as station or airport announcements or recorded phone messages

  VCHIU120 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCHIU068

  Apply understanding of text structure and organisation to interpret unfamiliar texts and to create own texts for specific purposes

  Elaborations

  • using their shared knowledge of typical features of familiar types of text to understand unfamiliar content, for example, in public announcements, commercials or quizzes, recognising how language and style vary according to the context, purpose and intended audience of a text, for example, by comparing a formal presentation at Speech Day with an email to a close friend
  • identifying how texts achieve cohesion through the use of paragraphing or conjunctions to sequence and link ideas and to maintain the flow of expression, for example, यदि आप चाहें तो...,
  • creating and comparing their own examples of particular text genres, such as horoscopes, prayers or weather forecasts, explaining their choice of particular language or text organisation
  • composing multimodal texts designed to appeal to a particular age group or demographic, noticing how/why they decide to use particular vocabulary and style

  VCHIU068 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCHIC047

  Compare their experiences of moving between Hindi and English, considering advantages and challenges involved in using more than one language

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on the experience of being bilingual or multilingual, identifying ways in which they draw upon different language and cultural resources to make meaning
  • identifying benefits of knowing more than one language and considering whether moving between languages affects their sense of identity or ‘belonging’
  • comparing their family cultures, considering how their family and community life shape their sense of identity and how culture is reflected in their daily activities and interests
  • evaluating their ability to communicate across and through different languages and to use their language and cultural skills in Hindi and English to best effect
  • comparing observations about how interacting in Hindi feels different to interacting in English, identifying ways of socialising or communicating that they see to be culture-specific

  VCHIC047 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCHIC003

  Recognise and respond to classroom routines and interactions, such as opening and closing of lessons, transition activities, following instructions and taking turns

  Elaborations

  • using and responding to language that structures routines such as opening and closing of lessons, for example, नमस्ते बच्चो, बैठ जाओ; किताब खोलो; जी, ठीक है। अपने अपने आई पैड्स निकालो; पाठ ख़त्म हुआ; अब तुम सब जा सकते हो; कल मिलेंगें
  • participating in daily classroom interactions such as roll call, naming the months and days of the week and describing the weather, for example, परसों २० जून है; कल सोमवार है; आज बहुत सर्दी है।
  • following instructions in learning activities, for example, किताब में लिखो; बारी बारी पढ़ो; चार का समूह बनाओ; गोल घेरा बनाओ और बैठ जाओ; बैग ज़मीन पर रखो; कृपया खड़े हो जाओ
  • using appropriate language to apologise or make excuses, for example, माफ़ कीजिए, मुझे देरी हो गई क्योंकि …, or to ask for help, for example, मुझे समझ नहीं आया, क्या आप मेरी मदद कर सकते हैं?
  • responding with actions, gestures or verbal responses to teacher instructions such as धीरे बोलो; ध्यान से सुनो; मेरी ओर देखो; बात मत करो; चुपचाप बैठो

  VCHIC003 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCHIC046

  Discuss the effects of switching between languages, noticing when they choose to use either Hindi or English and how each language and associated cultures influences their ways of communicating

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on the experience of moving between Hindi- and English-speaking contexts, comparing instances that have resulted in difficulties, surprises or amusement due to differences in cultural expectations
  • comparing gestures and other forms of non-verbal behaviour used when communicating in Hindi, English and other languages
  • reflecting on situations when they use both Hindi and English, discussing why they do this, for example, when talking about sport, food or music or when using social media
  • identifying adjustments they make when moving between languages, for example, to ways of addressing people or expressing affection or respect, discussing why these adjustments are necessary and whether they are easy to make
  • developing metalanguage for explaining the relationship between languages and cultures and for describing intercultural communication in different contexts, for example, discussing the need to apply distinctions such as तू जा, तुम जाओ, आप जाइए, आप जाइएगा or using forms of language to show respect or status

  VCHIC046 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCHIC082

  Reflect on the nature of bilingual/multilingual communication and experience

  Elaborations

  • exploring the concept of translanguage in relation to mediating thought, action and communication in situations that involve two or more languages
  • reflecting on how speakers of more than one language draw strategically on a wide range of linguistic and cultural resources to make meaning of experience and to communicate with others
  • considering whether thinking or communicating in one language rather than another affects the ways ideas or attitudes are understood or expressed
  • identifying benefits associated with bilingualism/multilingualism, drawing examples from their personal experience
  • comparing assumptions sometimes made when communicating with speakers of different languages, identifying instances when they consciously adjust how they communicate due to personal assumptions or attitudes
  • identifying cultural cues in intercultural interactions that signal variations in expectations, values or traditions that may complicate communication
  • monitoring their use of Hindi and English in different domains, for example, by keeping a record of when they use each language, for which language functions and in which contexts
  • considering how their language and interactional behaviour might be interpreted or responded to by people from different language backgrounds

  VCHIC082 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCHIC028

  Recognise that ways of communicating in different languages reflect ways of behaving and thinking

  Elaborations

  • recognising differences in attitudes or ways of expressing feelings when using Hindi or English, for example, when being polite and respectful, when thanking or sympathising with people or when exchanging wishes on special occasions
  • identifying non-verbal aspects of communication in Hindi that may be unfamiliar to non-Hindi speakers, such as the way that older relatives greet children by holding their hand over the child’s head and saying जीते रहो, or shaking the head from side to side or back and forth to show varying levels of agreement
  • recognising how the Hindi language reflects traditions and social distinctions to do with how people are regarded in society, how old they are or what religion they practise, for example, the use of the honorific particle जी after a surname to show respect or after an individual name to show affection
  • discussing how Australian behaviours and expressions might be understood or misunderstood by newcomers to the language and culture, for example, the use of terms such as ‘bushwalking’ or ‘arvo’, or expressions such as ‘she’ll be right’ and children’s use of first names with some adults
  • comparing how they communicate in Hindi, English or other languages when they are interacting with different people, such as elders, friends, strangers, parents, small children

  VCHIC028 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCHIU033

  Understand that the way the Hindi language is used varies according to the age, gender and background of speakers and that it involves different dialects and accents

  Elaborations

  • understanding that there is a standard form of Hindi called मानक हिंदी which is used in writing and spoken by many people, and also many spoken dialects that differ from region to region, for example, ब्रज भाषा, अवधी
  • reflecting on how they communicate with family and friends and people less close to them or in authority, noticing differences in word choice, gestures and communicative behaviour
  • comparing language used among different family members, such as grandparents, parents and siblings, noticing words that reflect status or position in the family, for example, addressing older siblings as आप rather than तुम
  • comparing language use at home and school, for example, by identifying differences in ways of thanking someone or asking for help; the use of nicknames or terms of affection such as राजा बेटा, रानी बिटिया
  • making personal connections with different language dialects spoken in regions of India, in Fiji, Mauritius and other parts of the world
  • understanding the importance of using appropriate language when interacting with different people, for example, the use of ultra-formal language such as बैठिएगा when speaking with elders or strangers

  VCHIU033 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCHIU052

  Recognise that Hindi has evolved and developed through different periods of influence by other languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • understanding key influences and stages of development of Hindi over time and through different cultural influences
  • exploring the relationship between Hindi and English across different historical and cultural contexts up to today
  • identifying changes to contemporary forms of Hindi due to the influence of globalisation, technology and intercultural relationships
  • identifying Hindi words derived from other languages, such as चश्मा, borrowed from Persian, क्षेत्र directly from Sanskrit versus खेत from Hindi via Pali/Prakrit
  • recognising the influence of Sanskrit on Hindi and other languages, for example, by identifying Sanskrit words adopted and adapted in different ways in different languages
  • identifying influences from other languages in their own/their family’s use of Hindi, for example, the use of terms associated with social media, popular culture and technology स्क्रीन, माउस
  • understanding that all languages change in response to changing circumstances, for example, the addition of new terms for new inventions or experiences, word-borrowing from other languages or, as in the case of Aboriginal languages and Torres Strait Islander languages, the reversal of language loss through revival and retrieval programs

  VCHIU052 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change