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• VCADAP037

  Rehearse and perform focusing on technical and expressive skills appropriate to style and/or choreographic intent

  Elaborations

  • identifying and demonstrating distinct stylistic characteristics of dance, for example, body posture and attitude within various styles such as contemporary music theatre or hip hop, from different locations such as Asia or USA
  • using evaluation and rehearsal strategies to enhance confidence, clarity of movement, project, focus and musicality in performance
  • linking the application of the elements of dance to the communication of the choreographer’s intent when performing learnt dance works
  • experimenting with alternative expressive skills to enhance performance presence and mood
  • using questions to evaluate dance, for example, how successful was the choreographer in expressing his/her stated intention to the audience, or how well did the dancers use expressive skills in the performance?

  VCADAP037 | The Arts | Dance | Levels 7 and 8 | Present and Perform

• VCASFC208

  Recognise the complex and multifaceted nature of identity and how exploration of cultural identity in relation to a different language can provide insights and different perspectives to a first culture and language

  Elaborations

  • using photographs or digital images to create stories using elements of identity such as gender, ethnicity, social justice, disability or difference
  • reflecting on a range of filmed texts to identify examples of inclusive or exclusionary language that might impact on a person’s sense of identity, for example, the representation of deaf teenagers in the TV program Switched at Birth or the documentaries Welcome 2 My Deaf World or Deaf Teens: Hearing World, comparing these representations to their own experiences as teenagers
  • viewing and evaluating documentaries such as Audism Unveiled or commentaries by well-known members of the Deaf community on their sense of identity development in relation to growing up deaf, considering the impact of additional factors in individual stories, such as gender or race
  • creating vlogs or filmed texts to explore aspects of Deaf/hearing identity and to encourage consideration of common views among hearing communities on Auslan and the Deaf community and to reflect on what it means to be deaf, hard of hearing or hearing
  • viewing signed news and other media texts, such as episodes of See Hear or SignPost, to identify examples of discrimination, oppression or rejection experienced by deaf people, and considering how these may shape identity or affect societal perceptions of the Deaf community
  • surveying deaf people about their perspectives on the significance of Deaf places that contribute to a shared sense of identity, for example, the Deaf Club, Deaf schools or sites of historic significance such as original Deaf Society/Mission buildings or other former meeting places
  • making comparisons between different international Deaf communities in relation to perceptions/representations of Deaf identity and changing values of place and space, for example, the loss of Deaf clubs or closure of deaf schools, considering the implications of such changes on the development of Deaf identity
  • analysing notions of ‘Deaf gain’, Deafhood and audism, and sharing their response to these concepts as second language learners of Auslan

  VCASFC208 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Identity

• VCTRC076

  Compare translations of familiar Turkish texts, such as community notices or literary texts, considering factors that may have influenced the translation from one language to the other

  Elaborations

  • discussing the nature of translation with reference to strategies such as decoding literal meaning (word-for-word), reading for meaning (sense-for-sense) and cultural reading (reading between the lines)
  • comparing Turkish versions of English language community notices relating to health or education, such as notices in doctors’ waiting rooms or school notices, comparing with equivalent texts produced in Turkish-speaking communities, identifying similarities and differences that reflect cultural context and communicative styles
  • evaluating the effectiveness and accuracy of subtitles used in English or Turkish films, video clips or documentaries, finding examples of meaning ‘lost in translation’ such as The Water Diviner – Son Umut (Su Cengaveri)
  • providing annotated translations of excerpts from literary and media texts such as poems, newspaper or radio reports, identifying challenges involved in transferring meaning, expression and mood from one language and cultural tradition to another
  • comparing their translations of short literary texts, such as folktales Keloğlan, Karagöz ve Hacıvat and Nasrettin Hoca, riddles or folk songs such as türkü and mani, discussing how the process of translation clarifies understanding of the relationship between language, culture and experience, as in kına yakmak, kız isteme ve sünnet töreni
  • translating Turkish idioms and proverbs that contain cultural elements and references, such as Ateş olmayan yerden duman çıkmaz, Bir fincan kahvenin kırk yıl hatırı vardır, Üzüm üzüme baka baka kararır, ayağına kına yakmak, saman altından su yürütmek, researching stories behind the references and discussing how their meaning can be conveyed in English
  • critically evaluating the effectiveness of resources used to assist translation, such as bilingual and monolingual dictionaries, electronic translators and style guides such as İmlâ Kılavuzu

  VCTRC076 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCSSU093

  Interactions between organisms can be described in terms of food chains and food webs and can be affected by human activity

  Elaborations

  • constructing and interpreting food chains and food webs to show relationships between organisms in an environment
  • recognising the role of microorganisms within food chains and food webs
  • researching examples of human impacts on specific ecosystems, for example, the use of fire by traditional Aboriginal people, the effects of palm oil harvesting, deforestation, agricultural practices or the introduction of new species

  VCSSU093 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Understanding | Biological sciences

• VCASFU232

  Explore different dimensions of variation in the structure, development and use of Auslan, including how it has been influenced by English and other signed languages

  Elaborations

  • exploring similarities and differences in the two main Auslan dialects, the northern dialect, used in New South Wales, Queensland and the Australian Capital Territory, and the southern dialect, used in Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania and the Northern Territory, for example through building webcam relationships with other schools or by identifying and collecting signs that differ in the two forms
  • researching how BSL from the 1800s evolved into Auslan, NZSL and modern BSL, for example by finding and classifying examples from Auslan, NZSL and BSL signbanks
  • understanding that while the structure of individual signs can change over time in regular ways, there is little information about this process in signed languages due to lack of historical records of signing
  • explaining the influence of other signed languages such as BSL, ISL and ASL on Auslan over different periods of time and in different domains of language use, and discussing why this is the case
  • noticing different ways that English words are borrowed into Auslan, for example, the use of fully fingerspelled words, such as D-U-E, N-O-U-N, the fingerspelling of the first letter of corresponding English words, for example TOILET, FATHER, or abbreviations of English words, for example, state names: S-A, N-S-W, V-I-C, T-A-S, and organisation names: N-A-B-S, W-A-A-D, N-S-W-A-D, D-C-S-S-A, and lexicalised fingerspelling, such as HOW, BUT, ABOUT, FOR
  • recognising that Auslan includes loan signs from Signed English, such as TOY or DAD, and understanding why some older deaf people are uncomfortable with these changes
  • looking at style shifts in domains where English is in closer contact with Auslan, such as the use of more English-like structures in formal and educational settings
  • considering adaptations to Auslan use when communicating in different physical environments, such as in video chats, across a large yard, or when one or both hands are occupied, for example, variations in vocabulary, size of signing space, clarity of signs, use of fingerspelling and NMFs
  • noticing the variation in ‘handedness’ between signers in relation to both signs and to fingerspelling: right handers using their right hand as their dominant (main) hand; left handers doing the opposite

  VCASFU232 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCCCC038

  Examine the influence of a range of media, including social media, in shaping identities and attitudes to diversity and how ideas about Australian identity may be influenced by global events

  Elaborations

  • analysing how media represent different groups in Australian society and assessing the impact those representations have on community cohesiveness, for example, a human rights campaign that uses social media
  • examining stories of how Australian citizens' perspectives on their role in the global community have been influenced by their experiences of living and working in other countries
  • debating the concepts of ‘global identity’ and ‘global citizenship’ and their implications for Australian citizens

  VCCCC038 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 9 and 10 | Citizenship, Diversity and Identity

• VCADAR032

  Explain how the elements of dance and production elements communicate ideas in dances from different contexts they make, perform and view, including in dances by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

  Elaborations

  • discussing the purpose of movements, elements of dance, production elements and use of projection and focus and how these can affect the mood of the audience
  • using questions to compare features of dances from different societies and cultures for example, when comparing dances from India and Australia, what do they recognise, what is new to them, how do the dancers express ideas, and what performance spaces are used
  • identifying and discussing the significance intended by a choreographer’s use of movement, space and energy, for example, the use of space and energy in an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander dance performed in their local community, a Chinese ribbon dance, or a Sumatran tambourine dance
  • using questions to interpret a dance, for example, how the movement of the body is used to convey ideas about a story, character or idea, or how was space, costume and/or multimedia used to communicate ideas in the dance
  • considering social and cultural influences as part of a discussion about the role of dance across societies, cultures, environments, locations and times, for examples, the protocols for performing an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander dance, conventions of a Kecak dance from Bali
  • expressing opinions about the way dancers communicate their intentions through use of technical and expressive skills

  VCADAR032 | The Arts | Dance | Levels 5 and 6 | Respond and Interpret

• VCAVCDP009

  Develop a brief that identifies a specific audience and needs, and present visual communications that meet the brief

  Elaborations

  • refining visual communications in different design fields using manual and digital methods and justifying the method used relevant to the design field selected
  • refining visual communications by applying and documenting the use of design elements and principles, materials and media relevant to a design brief
  • using creative, critical and reflective thinking to generate, develop and refine ideas for visual communications
  • investigating different locations and contexts where visual communications are presented, for example, the context and location of where the work is presented and their influence on the communication of ideas
  • investigate historical and social contexts and their influence on visual communication fields, for example, the development of a brand identity in the marketplace
  • applying ethical understanding to communicate ideas in visual communications, for example, acknowledging the source of existing imagery in a visual communication or the use of appropriate imagery for the age of the target audience

  VCAVCDP009 | The Arts | Visual Communication Design | Levels 9 and 10 | Present and Perform

• VCAMAE034

  Develop media representations to show familiar or shared social and cultural values and beliefs

  Elaborations

  • investigating different viewpoints and making decisions about how they will represent a theme, concept or idea, considering media conventions and genres
  • manipulating combinations of technical and symbolic elements such as composition, time, space, sound, movement, lighting, to represent ideas and feelings in their media artworks
  • discussing and documenting their choices of representation to strengthen meaning in their media artworks
  • discussing the different intentions of media artists and the influence of media artworks on different audiences, for example, how ideological or political perspectives are used to engage particular audience
  • exploring media artworks that provide different ideas and concepts based on viewpoints and institutional practice, for example, the depiction of cultural groups and social values in Australian film and television

  VCAMAE034 | The Arts | Media Arts | Levels 7 and 8 | Explore and Represent Ideas

• VCJAU018

  Explore connections between languages and cultures as exemplified in particular words, expressions and communicative behaviours, noticing how meaning can be culture-specific and difficult to transfer between languages

  Elaborations

  • considering how Japanese language and interaction patterns around familiar routines such as mealtimes reflect traditional practices and values associated with family life, for example, using formulaic expressions such as いただきます。 いってきます。いってらっしゃい 。ただいま 。おかえり。
  • identifying changes in contemporary communication styles that reflect changes in Japanese and Australian cultures and social practices, for example, ハロー、 バイバイ and グッドラック
  • identifying and explaining phrases that require cultural knowledge in order to be understood in translation, for example, はじめまして。よろしく　おねがいします 。or that the question おげんき　ですか。is a genuine health enquiry rather than a greeting
  • understanding that the Japanese language has many ways of expressing values such as consideration and respect, for example, どうぞ, >どうも、 すみません、 おくれて　すみません、 しつれいします、 and using indirect forms of refusal and softening responses, for example, ちょっと…。あんまり…。

  VCJAU018 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCARC028

  Reflect on own sense of identity as an Arabic and English speaker, recognising how own cultural assumptions, practices and values influence ways of communicating, and considering reactions and how they adjust behaviours and language in own interactions

  Elaborations

  • discussing how being bilingual allows them to present ‘self’ to others in particular ways, for example, as being Lebanese, Jordanian, Iraqi, Arab Australian, or Australian from a Syrian background
  • reflecting on the role of language in expressing identity, considering when, with whom and why different languages are used, and reflecting on whether their own identity changes when they use different languages
  • noticing how they communicate with one another, their teachers and families, noticing how they see themselves differently in different contexts, for example, as Arabic-speaking person, less traditional than parents
  • reflecting on choices made to present self to others in particular ways or to conceal aspects of identity when interacting across cultures, noticing differences in the way they communicate, think and behave in different contexts

  VCARC028 | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCRAC112

  Engage with texts and peers who speak the language, recognising how own cultural assumptions, practices and beliefs influence language and content, and choosing whether and how to make adjustments

  Elaborations

  • interacting with speakers of the language, noticing social norms and practices such as personal space, gender roles, and acceptable topics of conversation and considering own reactions to these
  • sharing experiences with peers through shared digital spaces, text messages and conversations, modifying own language when meaning is not understood, such as explaining an idea or expression that may be culturally specific, for example, ‘the outback’
  • recognising that social values such as politeness can be expressed differently in different cultures
  • monitoring, recording and reflecting on intercultural experiences, examining aspects that were unexpected, comfortable or uncomfortable, successful or unsuccessful, and considering possible reasons for this

  VCRAC112 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCCCTQ073

  Explore how past experience influences thinking and reactions to situations

  Elaborations

  • using everyday problems and situations to explore personal reactions to situations and how this can affect their response
  • exploring how prior knowledge and past experience can be used to make predictions and understand the world around them
  • exploring how prior knowledge and past experience can be used to solve problems

  VCCCTQ073 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Level C | Questions and Possibilities

• VCIDC112

  Engage with Indonesian peers and texts, recognising how own cultural assumptions, practices and beliefs influence language and content, and choosing whether and how to make adjustments

  Elaborations

  • interacting with Indonesians, noticing social norms and practices such as personal space, gender roles, having a boyfriend or girlfriend, same-sex hand-holding, religious artefacts (jilbab and kerudung for women, taqiyah (skullcap) and peci/kopiah for men), and acceptable topics of conversation (for example, Kamu sudah mandi?), and considering own reactions to these
  • sharing experiences with Indonesian peers through shared digital spaces, text messages and conversations, modifying own language when meaning is not understood, such as explaining an idea or expression that may be culturally specific, for example, canang sari (Balinese daily offerings) or ‘outback’
  • recognising that social values such as politeness can be expressed differently in different cultures, and understanding features of Indonesian etiquette such as avoiding direct refusal; aiming to please by answering a question even if they don’t know the answer; expressing gratitude through actions, not necessarily language (for example, limited use of terima kasih); and waiting to be invited to eat or drink, for example, silakan makan/minum
  • monitoring, recording and reflecting on intercultural experiences, examining aspects that were unexpected, comfortable or uncomfortable, successful or unsuccessful, and considering possible reasons for this

  VCIDC112 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDTCD018

  Explore how people safely use common information systems to meet information, communication and recreation needs

  Elaborations

  • sharing and describing ways that common information systems can be used to meet communication needs, for example computers can be used as phones and social networking tools allowing communication between families living in different regions
  • recognising and discussing the need for cyber-safety when using online information systems, for example recognising that shared personal information can be used for undesirable purposes and that using a password is a means of protecting identity
  • recognising safe ergonomic practices when children are playing with information systems, for example recognising the need to take regular breaks to avoid eye strain and repetitive strain injuries
  • discussing how a range of information systems support personal needs and impact on others, for example text to speech software can be used to meet the communications needs of people with vision loss
  • sharing ideas about the ways information systems are being used by families and friends in everyday life, for example comparing current digital play equipment with play equipment of 20 years ago

  VCDTCD018 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Foundation to Level 2 | Creating Digital Solutions

• VCSIS140

  Communicate scientific ideas and information for a particular purpose, including constructing evidence-based arguments and using appropriate scientific language, conventions and representations

  Elaborations

  • using secondary sources as well as students’ own findings to help explain a scientific concept
  • using a range of representations, including mathematical and symbolic forms, to communicate science ideas
  • presenting results and ideas using formal experimental reports, oral presentations, multimodal presentations, poster presentations and contributing to group discussions

  VCSIS140 | Science | Levels 9 and 10 | Science Inquiry Skills | Communicating

• VCAVCDE006

  Develop and present visual communications that demonstrate the application of methods, materials, media, design elements and design principles that meet the requirements of a specific brief and target audience

  Elaborations

  • investigating different communication needs and target audiences in the visual communication design fields of environmental, communication and industrial design
  • researching a range of contexts to develop a brief in environmental, communication and industrial design.
  • understand the influences and constraints on the brief, for example, financial and physical constraints
  • researching the needs of a target audience relevant to the brief developed, for example, conduct surveys that reflect audience interests

  VCAVCDE006 | The Arts | Visual Communication Design | Levels 9 and 10 | Explore and Represent Ideas

• VCNRU084

  Reflect on the dynamic and ecological nature of language, and that all languages influence each other

  Elaborations

  • recognising how English may be modifying language use in particular spheres in the language being studied, for example, language used in the entertainment industry, films and television programs, or language used to express modern concepts, or language used to keep up with trends
  • recognising that language changes over time by, for example, viewing films in historical settings and those in contemporary settings and discussing the language used

  VCNRU084 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCESU198

  Understand and describe ways in which language and culture are interrelated and influence each other

  Elaborations

  • participating in guided discussion and reflection on the nature and role of culture and its relationship with language, noting any shifts in own attitudes, values or understandings about culture, identity and diversity as a consequence of learning and using Spanish
  • developing language for thinking and talking about cultural representation and expression, for example, perspectives, values, images, stereotypes, inclusion and exclusion
  • examining how a concept such as humour is conveyed in Spanish in ways that reflect lifestyles, values or traditions, and discussing how this may be perceived by non-native Spanish speakers
  • exploring language and communicative behaviours associated with particular Spanish-speaking regions or geographic locations to understand how factors such as geography, climate and economic situation shape language practices

  VCESU198 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCMSP179

  Construct suitable data displays, with and without the use of digital technologies, from given or collected data. Include tables, column graphs and picture graphs where one picture can represent many data values

  Elaborations

  • exploring ways of presenting data and showing the results of investigations
  • investigating data displays using many-to-one correspondence

  VCMSP179 | Mathematics | Level 4 | Statistics and Probability | Data representation and interpretation