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• VCEALA224

  Rely on memorisation and/or home language to retrieve new words and structures

  Elaborations

  • relying on simple or formulaic English expressions such as ‘Yes, teacher’ or ‘Hello, my name is …

  VCEALA224 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCELU118

  Recognise that Australia has speakers of many different languages, including Greek, and that languages borrow words from each other and sometimes use the same alphabet symbols and vocabulary

  Elaborations

  • understanding that the 26 English alphabet letters (Latin/Roman alphabet), have their roots in the Ancient Greek alphabet, recognising the similar order of letters and comparing lower and upper case Greek and English alphabet letters
  • understanding that there are many everyday words and names in English that have Greek origins, for example, alphabet, Chloe, disco, echidna, eucalyptus, hippopotamus, mathematics, school, story, telephone, Timothy, Zoe
  • understanding that there are many technical/scientific words in English that have Greek origins, for example, astronaut, chemist, dentist, disc, physiotherapist, telescope, thermometer

  VCELU118 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCITU036

  Understand that languages change with use over time

  Elaborations

  • maintaining a record of loan words from English to Italian and from Italian to English, noting how borrowing relates to cultural change, for example, new terms for technologies, or the use of Italian words in English advertisements or English words in Italian advertisements
  • observing language used across generations, such as by noticing differences in words used by grandparents, parents and themselves, and suggesting why these differences occur

  VCITU036 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCJAC117

  Create simple print or digital bilingual texts for the classroom environment, such as captions, labels and wall charts

  Elaborations

  • performing simple presentations for the school community that involve both Japanese and English language elements, such as a contribution to an assembly performance for Grandparents’ Day
  • creating bilingual wall charts or picture dictionaries with captions, stickers and simple descriptions in English to explain Japanese words and expressions that have particular cultural meaning
  • writing parallel captions in Japanese and English for a photographic display of a class event such as a sports carnival or pets’ day or about a topic such as caring for the school environment
  • creating sets of word cards in English and Japanese and playing matching games such as Memory or Snap

  VCJAC117 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Translating

• VCASFC099

  Create different types of bilingual texts to support their classroom learning

  Elaborations

  • using images of Auslan signs and equivalent words in English to name and label familiar objects, classroom items or school resources, using posters and digital glossaries with captions
  • developing a handshape dictionary using palm cards or digital means, including equivalent English terms
  • using photos of family members to create a family tree or chart, captioning and labelling in English each family member with corresponding images of Auslan signs
  • creating bilingual texts for younger children, such as a mini Auslan–English dictionary of school-specific signs
  • making their own bilingual dictionaries with English labels, Auslan sign images and simple descriptions of signs, identifying and categorising signs according to handshape

  VCASFC099 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCHIU034

  Understand that the Hindi language is influenced by and in turn influences other languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • understanding the influence on Hindi of different languages over different times, for example, the use of English words such as ‘post-box’, ‘railway station’, ‘bus’, ‘school’
  • identifying more examples of Hindi words or expressions that are commonly used in English, such as ‘verandah’ from बरामदा, ‘bandana’ from बांधना
  • identifying how words from Sanskrit, Perso-Arabic and English are used in different contexts to mean related concepts such as ‘concern/anxiety’: Sanskrit चिंता; Arabic फ़िक्र; and ‘tension’, English टेन्शन
  • finding examples of expressions in Hindi that include words from English or other languages, for example, क्या यह आपका फ़ाइनल उत्तर है?

  VCHIU034 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCEALA463

  Employ a range of strategies to expand vocabulary

  Elaborations

  • using a bilingual dictionary, thesaurus or online tool to search for a variety of vocabulary
  • crosschecking meaning in home language and English to confirm accurate choice of vocabulary
  • recording vocabulary in a personal list including details such as translation in English and home language, pronunciation, meaning, usage and related words

  VCEALA463 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA784

  Plan writing, cooperate, and edit texts with a group, using home language

  Elaborations

  • using home language to generate additional ideas in brainstorming activities
  • seeking and giving feedback with peers on draft writing using home language and English
  • managing group functions, explaining tasks and supporting peers’ participation using home language as well as English

  VCEALA784 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCELA322

  Understand how the grammatical category of possessives is signalled through apostrophes and how to use apostrophes with common and proper nouns

  Elaborations

  • learning that in Standard Australian English regular plural nouns ending in ‘s’ form the possessive by adding just the apostrophe (for example ‘my parents' car’)
  • learning that in Standard Australian English for proper nouns a variant form without the second ‘s’ is sometimes found (for example ‘James’s house’ or ‘James’ house’)

  VCELA322 | Curriculum content | English | Level 5 | Writing | Language

• VCNRU016

  Recognise that Australia has speakers of many different languages, including the language being studied, and that languages borrow words from each other and sometimes use the same alphabet symbols and vocabulary

  Elaborations

  • understanding and recognising, where applicable, the similar order of letters and comparing the lower and uppercase alphabet in the language and English-alphabet letters
  • understanding that there are many everyday words and names in English that have origins in other languages, for example, alphabet, telephone, echidna, eucalyptus, disco, hippopotamus, Zoe

  VCNRU016 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCRAC025

  Translate using textual cues such as pictures, layout and key words to predict meaning, and comment on the non-equivalence of words due to cultural differences

  Elaborations

  • translating texts such as public signs to understand their gist and noticing how meaning changes when translating into English, such as levels of politeness
  • identifying and explaining expressions which do not easily translate into English
  • comparing translations of creative works (such as a song or advertisement), noticing how words have more than just a literal meaning

  VCRAC025 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• VCRAU016

  Develop awareness that languages borrow from each other

  Elaborations

  • knowing that both languages use the same alphabet
  • recognising that many languages borrow words from English and that English borrows many words from other languages
  • keeping a class record of words in the language that are borrowed from other languages, including loan words from Aboriginal languages and Torres Strait Islander languages

  VCRAU016 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCARC128

  Produce bilingual texts and resources, including digital and online resources such as digital picture dictionaries, posters and signs, for their class and school community

  Elaborations

  • producing a parallel bilingual word list or digital picture dictionary by identifying known Arabic words or expressions and relating them to English equivalents, and vice versa, recognising that direct translation is not always possible
  • composing captions for images in Arabic and English to create simple bilingual storybooks in print or digital formats
  • creating texts in print, digital or online formats, such as descriptions in both Arabic and English on familiar topics, selecting from word lists vocabulary that best conveys the intended meaning in both languages
  • creating simple action songs and raps which include alternative repetitive phrases in Arabic and English, to perform for the school community

  VCARC128 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• VCEALA512

  Use a picture dictionary to find unfamiliar words, asking for support in home language

  Elaborations

  • referring to picture dictionaries or bilingual dictionaries in the classroom to check meaning or spelling of unknown words
  • speaking home language or English to ask peers or teachers for support

  VCEALA512 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA531

  Use memory and/or home language knowledge to retrieve newly learnt words and structures

  Elaborations

  • organising newly learnt vocabulary according to home language schemas
  • calling on language peers for help translating personal needs and responses from home language to English

  VCEALA531 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA492

  Transfer some simple language structures to other contexts

  Elaborations

  • using simple language structures in new contexts, such as ‘I like bananas. I like soccer’
  • using some home language structures in English speech

  VCEALA492 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA059

  Respond to the terms ‘writing’ and ‘drawing’ appropriately

  Elaborations

  • following instructions to write or draw, such as ‘Write your name’, ‘Draw a face’
  • understanding that English writing consists of words formed by letters, and sentences comprising words

  VCEALA059 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCHIC026

  Translate simple texts such as rhymes, captions, story books or familiar social interactions, noticing words and expressions that are difficult to translate

  Elaborations

  • translating popular children’s rhymes into English, for example, चूँ-चूँ करती आई चिड़िया; चंदा मामा, noticing words that are difficult to translate or explain
  • identifying Hindi words or expressions that do not easily translate into English, for example, आँखों का तारा
  • translating exchanges between characters in favourite stories from Hindi into English
  • discussing the meaning of traditional Hindi phrases used on special occasions, comparing how similar wishes are expressed in English, for example, जीते रहो
  • translating lines from cartoon or comic-strip characters such as पिंकी और बबली, noticing how meanings sometimes get changed or confused when translated into another language

  VCHIC026 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• VCTRC043

  Create bilingual texts such as websites, posters, class journals and menus to support their own learning and to assist interactions with non-Turkish speakers

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual texts such as invitations to performances, newsletters, cartoons or menus, reflecting on how different meanings are communicated in different languages
  • designing a menu for a Turkish meal which includes footnotes in English to explain characteristics and ingredients of unfamiliar dishes such as imambayıldı, Alinazik, mücver, hünkarbeğendi
  • creating bilingual brochures, digital presentations or posters to promote community events, providing English translations for key words, expressions and items of information
  • designing and co-maintaining a bilingual website with a sister school or contact group of young English learners in a Turkish-speaking community elsewhere
  • contributing to a shared class journal that records significant learning experiences and events in both Turkish and English

  VCTRC043 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Translating

• VCEALA096

  Ask for translation of specific words from other home language speakers

  Elaborations

  • formulating questions in English and home language to clarify classroom instructions or new ideas and vocabulary
  • drawing on a range of shared languages to negotiate meaning and clarify information
  • understanding responses from peers that combine function words and topic words in home language and English
  • recording translations of new words in personal vocabulary lists, including words and definitions in English and home language

  VCEALA096 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness