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• VCESU016

  Understand the dynamic nature of languages

  Elaborations

  • understanding that languages and cultures change continuously due to contact with one another and in response to new needs, ideas and developments in communications and technology
  • identifying influences from other languages and cultures in contemporary Spanish, for example, tuitear, globalización, MP3, chatear, bloguear, cliquear
  • observing changes to language that reflect changing lifestyles and cultural trends, for example, abbreviations in text messages such as k (que) and a2 (adiós)
  • recognising the influence of Spanish on English and other languages by identifying loan words such as ‘patio’, ‘tango’, ‘taco’, ‘chocolate’, ‘tomato’, ‘guacamole’ and ‘siesta’, noting how they are pronounced by English speakers and considering the types of words and expressions that are most frequently borrowed
  • collecting examples of Spanish word borrowings from other languages, for example, fútbol, shopping, básquetbol and canguro, chófer, pizza, chau
  • understanding that some indigenous languages in both Australia and Spanish-speaking countries are strong, while others are endangered or being revived or reclaimed

  VCESU016 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCITU015

  Understand that language is organised as texts

  Elaborations

  • joining words or phrases using conjunctions, for example, e
  • recognising features of text types such as stories and letters

  VCITU015 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCCCTR038

  Consider how to settle matters of fact and matters of value and the degree of confidence in the conclusions

  Elaborations

  • exploring the extent to which agreement or consensus indicates certainty about matters of fact such as how the Pyramids were built; and value, such as the meaningfulness of an artwork
  • discussing whether the way something is indicates how it should be, for example choosing the least sustainable option in response to a market trial showing consumers prefer packaging that happens to be the least environmentally sustainable option
  • investigating how science knowledge and understanding is developed
  • exploring an issue and identifying areas that require technical expertise, those that require broader citizen input or both
  • evaluating different ways of negotiating an issue such as forums, information sheets or government panels

  VCCCTR038 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Reasoning

• VC2M7ST01

  acquire data sets for discrete and continuous numerical variables and calculate the range, median, mean and mode; make and justify decisions about which measures of central tendency provide useful insights into the nature of the distribution of data

  Elaborations

  • understanding that summarising data by calculating measures of centre can help make sense of the data, commenting on skewness or symmetry of data and the use of mean and median as representative measures
  • comparing the mean, median, mode and range of displays of data from a given context, and explaining how outliers may affect summary statistics
  • recognising how different data sets can have the same measures of central tendency and experimenting with how varying data affects these measures
  • acquiring continuous numerical data by taking measurement samples during a science experiment, observation or field study, comparing measures of central tendency and identifying any anomalies in the distribution of data

  VC2M7ST01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 7 | Statistics

• VCSIS113

  Communicate ideas, findings and solutions to problems including identifying impacts and limitations of conclusions and using appropriate scientific language and representations

  Elaborations

  • using digital technologies to access information, to communicate and collaborate with others on and off site and to present science ideas
  • selecting and using appropriate language and representations to communicate science ideas within a specified text type and for a specified audience

  VCSIS113 | Science | Levels 7 and 8 | Science Inquiry Skills | Communicating

• VCEALA684

  Clarify in home language to check understanding

  Elaborations

  • seeking clarification from home language peers about new vocabulary and concepts
  • referring to home language or bilingual glossaries, dictionaries or online translation tools for explanation of new vocabulary and information
  • recording words and information in personal dictionaries or notes to indicate meaning, pronunciation and usage

  VCEALA684 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALA148

  Understand a small range of terminology of writing

  Elaborations

  • understanding terminology such as ‘letter’, ‘word’, ‘sentence’, ‘comma’
  • understanding a small range of more technical terminology in structured activities, such as underlining verbs in a short text
  • following instructions for writing, for example ‘Fill in your name’, ‘Write each sentence on a new line’

  VCEALA148 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALC031

  Understand aspects of simple, familiar texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising illustrations or character names when rereading a familiar story
  • understanding repeated conventional features of familiar text types, such as titles, ‘Once upon a time’
  • identifying characters, settings or key events in a narrative
  • showing comprehension through appropriate activities, such as sequencing pictures, dramatising a story, painting or drawing characters

  VCEALC031 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Communication

• VCEALL773

  Read and understand complex descriptive language

  Elaborations

  • understanding extended noun groups that use adverbs, prepositional phrases and relative clauses, for example ‘the many ways in which groups of monkeys communicate through sound’

  VCEALL773 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL493

  Repeat short modelled utterances with understanding

  Elaborations

  • listening to and reproducing the sequence of ideas in a short spoken report or recount

  VCEALL493 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL586

  Understand simple punctuation when reading

  Elaborations

  • using punctuation to identify the nature of sentences, for example identifying statements by full stops and questions by question marks
  • using punctuation to identify parts of a sentence, for example pausing appropriately at full stops and commas

  VCEALL586 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL105

  Understand phrases describing place or location

  Elaborations

  • using common prepositions (such as ‘in’, ‘on’, ‘at’) to add simple detail about place, for example ‘go on the train’, ‘stay at home’
  • understanding instructions incorporating place or location, such as ‘over here’, ‘next to the chair’

  VCEALL105 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL369

  Understand simple punctuation when reading

  Elaborations

  • using sentence punctuation to identify the nature of sentences, for example whether a sentence is a statement or question
  • using punctuation to identify parts of the sentence, for example pausing appropriately at full stops and commas

  VCEALL369 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL201

  Understand the sequence of events in a familiar text

  Elaborations

  • sequencing a short series of pictures or simple sentences to retell a familiar story

  VCEALL201 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCELA129

  Understand that people communicate in different ways

  Elaborations

  • knowing that people use different communication forms, such as image, voice, facial expressions or sign, to communicate the same intention, for example ‘stop’ as a sign, image or expression
  • recognising that people communicate in different ways
  • learning that English is the spoken language used at school
  • modifying the style (for example, volume, rate or intensity) of communication to suit familiar locations and contexts

  VCELA129 | Curriculum content | English | Level D | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA349

  Understand the uses of commas to separate clauses

  Elaborations

  • identifying different uses of commas in texts

  VCELA349 | Curriculum content | English | Level 6 | Writing | Language

• VCJAU126

  Understand that language and culture are closely connected

  Elaborations

  • exploring the meaning of ‘culture’, how it involves visible elements, such as ways of eating or symbols such as flags, and invisible elements, such as how people live, how they think about themselves and others and how they relate to their environment
  • understanding that learning and using Japanese involves becoming familiar with some different ways of communicating, for example, いただきます、ごちそうさま, and also some ways of thinking about things and behaving that may be unfamiliar
  • noticing similarities and differences between classroom interactions in Japanese and English, for example, referring to the teacher using only せんせい
  • understanding that culture and cultural behaviours are woven into languages and cannot be separated from them, for example, it is possible to bow without a spoken greeting in Japanese but not to greet without bowing

  VCJAU126 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCASFC112

  Identify, paraphrase or compare information obtained from a variety of signed texts or from their own data collection and present the information in different forms

  Elaborations

  • retelling key points of multistep information used in classroom interactions, such as announcements or directions for a task
  • watching signed texts that show people expressing likes and dislikes and recording and organising their observations in table form
  • watching a presentation by a teacher or peer, identifying specific points of information, such as where they went for a holiday or what activities they did
  • surveying peers in relation to their interests and preferences, categorising and comparing findings in charts or graphs
  • following the steps of a signed demonstration of procedures, such as how to cook something or play a new game
  • learning new Auslan vocabulary and language structures through interacting with Deaf visitors, teachers and mentors, recording the new language in personal sign dictionaries
  • viewing live or recorded interviews or informal conversations between deaf people in different situations and contexts, identifying key points and topics covered
  • viewing different types of signed texts, such as instructional sports videos or science demonstrations, showing understanding by responding to questions

  VCASFC112 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCASFC040

  Identify, summarise and compare information obtained from different types of Auslan texts or from their own data collection

  Elaborations

  • viewing different types of informative Auslan texts, such as instructional sports videos or science demonstrations, showing understanding by responding to questions in Auslan
  • viewing live or recorded interviews or informal conversations between Auslan users in different situations and contexts, summarising key points and topics covered
  • collating and analysing information obtained from Auslan media reports on people or events, organising the information visually in a mind map
  • surveying a range of hearing and deaf people on an issue of shared interest, analysing and presenting results through short signed presentations or in chart, graph or table form
  • interviewing a deaf adult about their educational experiences and comparing these with their own
  • summarising and contrasting information contained in two differently sourced Auslan texts on a selected topic
  • summarising key ideas and information provided by deaf visitors using active watching behaviours and contributing questions and responses

  VCASFC040 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• VC2M4ST01

  acquire data for categorical and discrete numerical variables to address a question of interest or purpose using digital tools; represent data using many-to-one pictographs, column graphs and other displays or visualisations; interpret and discuss the information that has been created

  Elaborations

  • investigating many-to-one data displays using digital tools and graphical software, interpreting and discussing key features
  • understanding that data can be represented with one symbol representing more than one piece of data, and that it is important to read all information about a representation before making judgements
  • constructing graphs of data collected through observation during science experiments, recording, interpreting and discussing the results in terms of the scientific study
  • acquiring samples of data using practical activities, observations or repeated chance experiments; recording data using tally charts, digital tables or spreadsheets; and graphing, discussing and comparing the results using a column graph
  • using secondary data of fire burns to construct data displays that assist Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander ranger groups and other groups to care for Country/Place

  VC2M4ST01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 4 | Statistics