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• VCHHK160

  The perspectives of people and different historical interpretations and debates from the period

  Elaborations

  • Popular culture
    • comparing and contrasting generational perspectives on rock ’n’ roll
    • using historical sources track changing perspectives over time
    • interviewing a selection of relatives about their experiences in their teens in the 50’s, 60’s, 70’s and 80’s. Track the changing perspectives and suggest reasons for these changes
  • Environment movement
    • explaining the responses of governments and organisations to environmental threats, for example, New Zealand’s anti-nuclear policy, the United States’ Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act 1980 (CERCLA), Australia’s Great Barrier Reef Outlook Report (2009)
    • using perspectives explain why environmental movements and The Green party gained increasing public voice
  • Migration experiences
    • using sources analyse the changing attitudes of the 60’s, 70’s and 80’s to the arrival of migrants
    • analysing the arguments for and against the White Australia Policy between 1964-1973
  • Political Crisis
    • comparing and contrast a range of different perspectives and identify differing views of what changed and the extent of change
    • analysing a selection of different historical interpretations and identify differences and similarities in arguments and debates about the significance of the political crisis

  VCHHK160 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | The globalising world

• VCLAU007

  Understand the phonological and orthographic systems of Latin, including the restored pronunciation and the written alphabet

  Elaborations

  • recognising that the written alphabet used by the Romans is the basis for the modern English alphabet, although some letters are pronounced differently, for example, u/v; i, c and g
  • mimicking or copying the restored pronunciation of Latin words, individually or with peers
  • matching script to sound, using the restored pronunciation, for example, single consonants, long and short vowels, vowels before final m, diphthongs, h and aspirated h, consonant combinations/clusters as in ingens, magnus, urbs
  • distinguishing i as a vowel and as a consonant, for example, intrat; ianua
  • using the spoken stress of Latin, and dramatic expression appropriate to the tone and purpose of a text
  • acknowledging the absence of punctuation in Latin in comparison with English, for example, by working with a sentence spelt out with no pauses between words
  • recognising conventions of punctuation used by editors of Latin texts to assist comprehension

  VCLAU007 | Languages | Latin | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCLVC158

  Create and present real and imaginative texts suitable for a particular audience, using familiar expressions and modelled language

  Elaborations

  • creating and performing their own stories, songs and skits, incorporating non-verbal elements to enhance audience comprehension and entertainment, for example, gesture, facial and vocal expression
  • experimenting with different ways of telling stories, using a range of different texts, for example, oral texts, photo stories, e-books, dance, visual design, drawings on soft and hard surfaces
  • creating, performing and presenting imaginative texts such as skits, songs and raps, using digital techniques
  • creating real or imaginary characters, places or animals and presenting them through performance, digital display or visual representation
  • incorporating onomatopoeic sounds into written/performed texts to enrich the texts and to entertain readers/the audience
  • creating imaginative texts to entertain younger audiences, for example, audio Big Books, puppet plays, performances for the school or community, cartoons, video clips, vokis or animation, selecting language and images that enrich the visual or listening experience
  • creating shared art work (visual or performative) to tell a story, using symbols and expressive techniques appropriate to Country/Place

  VCLVC158 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCLVU185

  Understand and explain the sound patterns in spoken language and use developing phonemic awareness to represent these patterns in written form

  Elaborations

  • reading aloud for meaning to demonstrate comprehension of sound–symbol correspondences
  • developing metalanguage to describe and talk about sounds and phonology, for example, place and manner of articulation, uncertain or missing sounds
  • investigating sound patterns, for example, consonant and vowel sequences, and word-level patterns, for example, allowable word-final sounds, allowable consonant clusters, word stress
  • understanding the major categories of place of articulation in Aboriginal languages, for example, peripheral, laminal, apical, and their realisation across different languages and regions in Australia
  • establishing similarities in the sound systems of related languages otherwise masked by differing spelling systems
  • using their knowledge of alphabetic conventions for Aboriginal languages to transcribe spoken texts from a range of languages, for example, those related to the target language or those from neighbouring regions
  • comparing and explaining the relative consistency of Aboriginal languages and English in spelling words
  • understanding the phonemic basis of alphabetic spelling systems and the fact that different sounds can be covered within a single phoneme or letter
  • exploring different writing systems that are based on different principles, for example, syllabic or ideographic

  VCLVU185 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEU117

  Recognise that in German, as in English and other languages, there are different ways of greeting and interacting with people

  Elaborations

  • recognising different forms of address and greeting, depending on time of day and the gender and social status of participants, for example, first names with peers (Tag, Luke!) and Guten Morgen, Frau Stein! for the teacher
  • recognising that there can be different forms of address for the same person, for example, Mama, Mutti, Mami, Mutter
  • understanding that the level of detail required can vary depending on the context, for example, Ich bin 5; Ich bin 6 Jahre und 3 Monate alt; Ich bin fast 7.

  VCDEU117 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VC2M2A01

  recognise, describe and create additive patterns that increase or decrease by a constant amount, using numbers, shapes and objects, and identify missing elements in the pattern

  Elaborations

  • creating a pattern sequence with materials, writing the associated number sequence, and then describing the sequence so someone else can replicate it with different materials; for example, using matchsticks or toothpicks to create a growing pattern of triangles – using 3 for one triangle, 5 for 2 triangles, 7 for 3 triangles – and describing the pattern as ‘Start with 3 and add 2 each time’
  • recognising patterns in the built environment to locate additive pattern sequences (for example, responding to ‘How many windows in one train carriage, 2 train carriages, 3 train carriages …?’ or ‘How many wheels on one car, 2 cars, 3 cars …?’) and recording the results in a diagram or table
  • recognising the constant term being added or subtracted in an additive pattern and using it to identify missing elements in the sequence
  • recognising additive patterns in the environment on Country/Place and in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander material culture; and representing these patterns using drawings, coloured counters and numbers

  VC2M2A01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 2 | Algebra

• VC2MFN04

  partition and combine collections up to 10 using part-part-whole relationships and subitising to recognise and name the parts

  Elaborations

  • recognising numbers represented in physical or virtual ten-frames, and describing their reasoning: ‘It’s 7 because there is 5 there and 2 more’
  • partitioning collections of up to 10 objects in different ways and saying the part-part-whole relationship; for example, partitioning a collection of 6 counters into 4 counters and 2 counters and saying, ‘6 is 4 and 2 more, it’s 2 and 4’, then partitioning the same collection into 5 and 1 or 3 and 3
  • representing part-part-whole relationships in numbers up to 10 using physical or virtual materials; for example, identifying numbers represented by dots in standard number configurations such as on dominoes and dice by recognising parts that form the whole
  • exploring number groupings in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ counting systems and the different ways of representing these groupings to form and partition numbers, applying this to quantify collections of objects in the environment on Country/Place up to 10

  VC2MFN04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Number

• VCARC001

  Interact with peers and the teacher to exchange information about self, family and friends, routines, leisure activities, interests and special days, and express feelings, likes and dislikes

  Elaborations

  • greeting the teacher and peers, and introducing themselves, family and friends, using formulaic expressions and appropriate body language, for example,

    مرحبا؛ صباح الخير؛ كيف حالكَ/حالكِ؟؛ بخير شكراً

    إسمي عادل؛ أنا مريم

    هذا صديقي علي؛ هذه صديقتي ريم؛ هذا أبي وهذه أمي ؛ اسم أخي رامي؛ عمري ست سنوات؛ عمر أخي سنة

  • exchanging information about a range of topics, such as family, friends, routines, school and leisure activities, for example,

    أنا طويل؛ أنا شاطر؛ بيتي صغير؛ غرفتي واسعة؛ صديقي علي ذكي؛ مدرستي كبيرة؛ معلمتي طيبة

    أستيقظ باكراً؛ آكل الفطور؛ ألبس ثيابي؛ أشاهد التلفاز؛ أكمل فروض المدرسة؛ أرتب سريري؛ أنظف غرفتي؛ ألعب كرة القدم؛ أذهب إلى المسبح

    بعد المدرسة ألعب كرة القدم؛ في الساعة الثامنة أذهب إلى النوم

    يوم السبت ألعب التنس مع أبي؛ في عطلة نهاية الأسبوع أذهب مع عائلتي إلى المطعم؛ أحضر حصة الموسيقى يوم الجمعة؛ أشعر بالسعادة في حصة الموسيقى؛ أحب العزف على البيانو كثيراً؛ أتعلم اللغة العربية يوم السبت صباحاً

  • asking about and expressing likes and dislikes using simple language such as

    من تحب في العائلة؟ ماذا تحب في المدرسة؟ هل تحب المدرسة؟ أحب جدّي كثيرا؛ لا أحب الرياضة في المدرسة

  • asking and answering questions about personal experiences in relation to self, peers, friends and family members, for example,

    أين ولدت؟ أي لغة تتكلم في البيت؟ ماذا يعمل أبوك؟ أين تذهب يوم السبت؟ من هي صديقتك؟ لماذا تحب جدتك؟ ماذا تفعل بعد المدرسة؟ أي رياضة تلعب؟

    ولدت في العراق؛ أتكلم العربية في البيت؛ أحب الحلوى كثيراً؛ أحب أبي وأمي جداً؛ أبي يعمل في المستشفى؛ أمي طبيبة؛ أخي يدرس في المدرسة؛ أختي في الجامعة؛ يوم السبت أذهب إلى بيت جدّي؛ يوم الأحد اذهب إلى المطعم

  • exchanging correspondence such as notes, invitations or birthday cards in print or digital form, for example,

    هل تحب أن تأتي إلى حفل عيد ميلادي؟ سمير، أدعوك إلى بيتي يوم السبت؛ تعال نلعب معاً

    عيد ميلاد سعيد؛ كل عام وأنت بخير؛ أتمنى لك عيداً سعيداً

  • sharing experiences with family and friends in a variety of ways, for example, by recounting events such as special celebrations in conversations and through social media

    ذهبت البارحة مع عائلتي إلى المتحف؛ شاهدت مع أخي فيلماً جديداً في السينما؛ كانت لعبة الركبي ممتعة؛ كانت الرحلة المدرسية إلى حديقة الحيوان مملّة

  VCARC001 | Languages | Arabic | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCKOU032

  Extend grammatical knowledge of Korean language, including the range of forms and functions of particles, suffixes, verb endings and irregular verb forms

  Elaborations

  • modifying nouns using an adjectival form of a descriptive verb suffixed by –(으)ㄴ, for example, 예쁜 꽃, 맑은 물
  • using particles such as –한테/에게, –한테서/에게서, –(으)로 (instrumental and directional), –보다, –와/과, –만, –도,–부터 and –까지, including honorific case markers –께, –께서, –께서는
  • recognising the meaningful parts of a verb, for example, 먹+어요
  • expressing ideas or events relating to the future, suggestions, plans and hopes using forms such as –(으)ㄹ 거예요 and –(으)ㄹ까요?
  • learning how to ask and answer negative questions, for example, 숙제를 안 했어요? 아니요, 했어요 / 네, 안 했어요)
  • connecting clauses using basic conjunctive suffixes (clausal connectives) –어/아서, –고, –(으)면, –지만
  • using basic complex-verb structures such as –어/아 주다, –어/아 보다, –지 말다with an –어/아요ending to express provision, trial and prohibition (읽어 주세요, 입어 보세요, 쓰지 마세요)
  • expressing time using structures such as: a noun + 때/동안; a noun +전/후에, for example, 방학 때; 일 년 동안; 한 달 전/후에
  • using some basic irregular verbs, such as 들어요 (듣다), 불러요 (부르다), 더워요 (덥다), 추워요 (춥다), 아름다워요 (아름답다)
  • expressing relative location using a structure: a noun + a location word + 에, for example, 식탁 위에 상자가 있어요
  • expanding metalinguistic knowledge by receptive use of:
    • intimate copula verb ending (a noun + (이)야)
    • expressions of intentions and likelihood: –겠어요, –(으)ㄹ 것 같아요
    • conjunctors connecting clauses (–(으)니까, –(으)러)
    • complex structures such as –어/아야 하다, –어/아도 되다, with the informal polite ending –아/어요 (가야 해요, 먹어도 돼요), recognising that they are in the same structure as –어/아 주다, –어/아 보다 and –지 말다 (verb stem + suffix + auxiliary verb) and that the auxiliary verbs add meanings such as obligation, permission and attempt
    • complex structures connecting verbs with various functions (to be introduced as a set phrase, for example, –기 때문에, –기 위해(서)
    • levels of politeness in speech, for example, formal polite, informal polite, intimate, for example, 해, 해요, 합니다
    • honorific suffix –시–, for example, 하십니다,가르치십니다

  VCKOU032 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VC2M8N03

  convert between fractions and terminating or recurring decimals, using digital tools as appropriate

  Elaborations

  • identifying when a fraction has a terminating decimal expansion from the prime factorisation of its denominator; for example, 724=0.2916_ does not have a terminating decimal expansion, while 725=0.28 does
  • identifying terminating, recurring and non-terminating decimals and choosing their appropriate representations such as 13 is represented as 0.3_

  VC2M8N03 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 8 | Number

• VC2M1N04

  add and subtract numbers within 20, using physical and virtual materials, part-part-whole knowledge to 10 and a variety of calculation strategies

  Elaborations

  • using drawings, physical and virtual materials, and number combinations within 10 to add and subtract collections to 20
  • adding and subtracting numbers within 20, using a variety of representations and strategies, such as counting on, counting back, partitioning and part-part-whole knowledge of numbers to 10; for example, using partitioning and combining 7+5=7+3+2=10+2=12
  • developing and using strategies for one-digit addition and subtraction based on part-part-whole relationships for each of the numbers to 10 and subitising with physical and virtual materials; for example, 8 and 6 is the same as 8 and 2 and 4
  • representing story problems involving addition and subtraction of numbers within 20 using a Think Board; recognising and using + and − symbols and the equal sign (=) to represent the operations of addition and subtraction; and showing and explaining the connections between any materials used using the language of plus and minus, and the numbers within the story problem
  • creating and performing addition and subtraction stories told through Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander dances

  VC2M1N04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 1 | Number

• VCEALC550

  Exchange information in oral interactions

  Elaborations

  • understanding a range of common questions on personal or familiar topics
  • using common sentence structures and borrowing phrases from questions, for example ‘What do you like to do on the weekends?’ ‘I like to do sport on the weekends’

  VCEALC550 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALL607

  Use common punctuation with some consistency

  Elaborations

  • using commas consistently in lists or to indicate pauses
  • using question marks to indicate questions, with occasional inaccuracy, for example ‘She asked to borrow a pencil?’
  • correcting capital letters and full stops when reviewing own or others’ writing

  VCEALL607 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL689

  Construct a range of sentence types

  Elaborations

  • constructing statements, questions and commands with consistent accuracy
  • experimenting with tag endings on questions, for example ‘You didn’t tell him, did you?’, ‘It goes back here, doesn’t it?’

  VCEALL689 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL586

  Understand simple punctuation when reading

  Elaborations

  • using punctuation to identify the nature of sentences, for example identifying statements by full stops and questions by question marks
  • using punctuation to identify parts of a sentence, for example pausing appropriately at full stops and commas

  VCEALL586 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL399

  Experiment with complex punctuation

  Elaborations

  • using commas to separate items in a list or to indicate pauses in a sentence
  • using question marks to indicate questions, with occasional inaccuracy, for example ‘She asked to borrow a pencil?’
  • using exclamation marks to emphasise an idea

  VCEALL399 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCPSCSE074

  Identify characteristics of self and share their likes and dislikes

  Elaborations

  • naming and responding to questions about self, for example age, gender
  • naming or labelling familiar people, objects and places
  • recalling personal experiences and facts about a topic of interest when supported through guided questioning

  VCPSCSE074 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Level D | Self-Awareness and Management | Development of resilience

• VC2M7N04

  round decimals to a given accuracy appropriate to the context and use appropriate rounding and estimation to check the reasonableness of computations

  Elaborations

  • identifying the interval between a pair of consecutive integers that includes a given rational number
  • choosing and applying conventions for rounding correct to a specified number of decimal places based upon the context
  • checking that the accuracy of rounding is suitable for context and purpose; for example, for the amount of paint required or the cost estimate for renovating a house, purchasing 2 litres of paint to paint the bedroom even though 1.89 litres is the exact answer or estimating a renovation budget to the nearest $100

  VC2M7N04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 7 | Number

• VCMNA133

  Recall addition facts for single-digit numbers and related subtraction facts to develop increasingly efficient mental strategies for computation

  Elaborations

  • recognising that certain single-digit number combinations always result in the same answer for addition and subtraction, and using this knowledge for addition and subtraction of larger numbers
  • extending strategies for addition and subtraction such as 14 + 8 + 6 = 14 + 6 + 8 = 28 and 54 – 28 = 2 + 20 + 4
  • combining knowledge of addition and subtraction facts and partitioning to aid computation. For example, 57 + 19 = 57 + 20 – 1

  VCMNA133 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VC2M9ST02

  analyse how different sampling methods, and different samples using the same method, can affect the results of surveys and how choice of representation can be used to support a particular point of view

  Elaborations

  • investigating and analysing different visualisations of data such as infographics found in the media and commenting on the strengths, weaknesses and possible biases of particular examples
  • discussing the impact of decreased landline usage or an increased aversion to answering calls from unknown numbers on survey data 
  • exploring potential cultural bias relating to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples by critically analysing sampling techniques in statistical reports 

  VC2M9ST02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 9 | Statistics