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• VCNRC089

  Locate and use key points of information, such as main ideas, specific details and general descriptions from a range of spoken, written and visual texts

  Elaborations

  • reading, viewing or listening to texts, such as a song or poster, and responding to questions
  • obtaining information on a range of topics, such as the life of a student in a place where the language is spoken
  • identifying main ideas and key points of information in texts and using the information in new ways, for example, reading about an annual event in a country where the language is spoken and producing a program
  • identifying key and commonly used expressions in texts and using them in own texts
  • gathering and collating information from sources such as class surveys, and presenting findings to others in digital formats, for example, posters, wall charts, profiles or timelines

  VCNRC089 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCNRC038

  Obtain, organise and compare information about aspects of daily life and significant events from written, spoken, or digital texts

  Elaborations

  • identifying information in texts, such as conversations and brochures, and sharing this information with others in a different format, for example, presenting a chart of favourite television programs or computer games
  • obtaining information about and comparing seasons and festivals in countries where the language is spoken, for example, summer holidays in July rather than January
  • viewing advertisements on television and in other media, in order to develop a shared set of vocabulary and expressions to create own advertisements
  • viewing, listening to and reading simple texts about a celebration

  VCNRC038 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• VCNRC009

  Create simple print or digital texts in the language and English, such as captions and labels, for the immediate learning environment

  Elaborations

  • making and displaying labels or captions in the language being studied for common objects in the classroom
  • compiling and displaying illustrated picture or digital dictionaries
  • matching words in English and the language, for example, name tags, by playing games such as memory or snap

  VCNRC009 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Translating

• VCNRC043

  Create bilingual texts and learning resources for the school community

  Elaborations

  • creating simple bilingual texts in print or digital form for specific audiences, such as school signs for visitors, invitations to parents for class or school events, posters for the school community to advertise an upcoming event, online bilingual story books including text and images for a younger audience, or a bilingual game, such as Snap, using words only
  • creating and posting versions of existing school signs or notices into the language, for example, staffroom, canteen, recognising difference in word order
  • constructing and maintaining a bilingual website for a sister school or a contact group of young learners of English in a target language-speaking community
  • creating a word bank which includes words, phrases and common expressions, as a classroom resource to reinforce learning

  VCNRC043 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Translating

• VCNRC078

  Reflect on issues related to intercultural experiences, questioning preconceptions and generalisations, and taking responsibility for modifying language and behaviours

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on learning and using the target language, and the nature of communication misunderstandings and breakdowns, discussing repair and recovery strategies and insights gained
  • exchanging correspondence with peers in communities where the language being studied is spoken and reflecting on differences and similarities in language use and conventions and cultural nuances
  • reflecting on and discussing ways of modifying own language and behaviours to communicate effectively with speakers of the target language, for example, keeping a record of required modifications for intercultural experiences
  • sharing responsibility for modifying language and behaviours through providing feedback to other learners

  VCNRC078 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCNRC061

  Participate in intercultural interactions, reflecting on choices and adjustments made when communicating in the language being studied and demonstrating awareness of the importance of shared understanding

  Elaborations

  • making appropriate language choices with awareness of social situations
  • interacting with members of communities who speak the language, describing the experience and reflecting on the most appropriate ways of interacting
  • reflecting on how own cultural etiquette and behaviour may be interpreted when interacting with speakers of the language being studied

  VCNRC061 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCNRU017

  Recognise that the languages people use reflect their culture, such as who they are, where and how they live, and find examples of similarities and differences between the language being studied and their own ways of communicating

  Elaborations

  • exploring the meaning of ‘culture’, considering different lifestyles and symbols such as flags, including the Aboriginal flag and the Torres Strait Islander flag
  • exploring the significance of different cultural practices, activities and games
  • recognising words that reflect aspects of the culture of the language
  • understanding that particular Australian English terms and expressions have no equivalent in the language, for example, billabong, corroboree, the bush
  • recognising features of the target language interactions which may be similar or different to own ways of communicating

  VCNRU017 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCNRU063

  Refine pronunciation, spell frequently used words and apply accurate punctuation to writing

  Elaborations

  • identifying differences in tone, intonation and rhythm
  • applying punctuation and spelling rules to own writing
  • experimenting with pronunciation of less familiar texts

  VCNRU063 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU080

  Use pronunciation rules and apply features of the spoken language being studied such as intonation, stress and rhythm and extend to more advanced spelling and punctuation rules

  Elaborations

  • recognising that pronunciation, rhythm and tempo assist in making meaning in interactions and applying this knowledge to own communication
  • comparing English and sounds and spelling with the language being studied in order to support pronunciation of familiar and unfamiliar words and expressions
  • using accentuation, if applicable, in the language correctly and with appropriate pronunciation
  • building phonic awareness by using and experimenting with sounds and rhythms
  • reinforcing pronunciation, phrasing and intonation skills by reciting and repeating words and phrases in context
  • recognising the role of stress and rhythm in creating emphasis
  • using appropriate spelling and punctuation in a range of written texts

  VCNRU080 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU050

  Explore the influence of the language being studied on the English language and how the language being studied has been influenced by the impact of new technologies and knowledge

  Elaborations

  • identifying familiar words in the language and recognising their English equivalents
  • using knowledge of familiar patterns and structures to decode and interpret meaning
  • understanding that English words may be found in the language, but that equivalents in the language to these terms often also exist

  VCNRU050 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCNRU013

  Understand elements of grammar such as those related to questions, commands and short sentences and develop vocabulary to describe self, friends and family

  Elaborations

  • recognising the order of words in phrases and sentences
  • using adverbs to indicate where, for example, inside, outside, here, there, under
  • using simple adverbs to enhance sentences
  • using verbs in the first person to describe aspects of self, for example, I am six, I have a cat
  • recognising terms for common everyday nouns, for example, the door, the chair, the house,
  • responding to and issuing commands, for example, come here please, sit down
  • responding to questions such as ‘how old are you?’ and ‘how are you?’
  • developing number knowledge for numbers up to 29 and using them in sentences
  • beginning to use conjunctions such as ‘and’

  VCNRU013 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU098

  Recognise and use vocabulary and grammatical elements to create simple sentences and phrases

  Elaborations

  • using nouns and verbs, recognising agreement and word order
  • indicating quantity using plural forms
  • using negative expressions
  • using the present tense
  • using common verbs to describe simple actions
  • developing knowledge of vocabulary related to personal world, for example, self, family, friends, school and home, leisure activities, food and drink

  VCNRU098 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU117

  Examine how the language being studied and culture is variously expressed in different linguistic and cultural settings, identifying and explaining variations

  Elaborations

  • discussing elements of language and culture of the language being studied and how they have become part of Australian lifestyles
  • identifying and comparing the function and power of cultural representations, such as symbols and stories, for example, flags, Dreaming and the Dreamtime

  VCNRU117 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCNRU082

  Discuss the interrelationship between linguistic elements, context, purpose, audience and structure of a wide range of text types and identify how cultural elements are incorporated

  Elaborations

  • recognising main features of a range of text types in the language, for example, plays, songs, poetry, and discussing how they are used and how they add to the richness of the text
  • analysing texts, such as advertisements and magazine articles, and discussing linguistic and cultural elements
  • reading, viewing and listening to different texts in the language, paying attention to how messages can be expressed for different audiences and purposes, for example, reading messages on social media sites, emails, blogs
  • discussing language appropriate to particular text types, such as descriptive language in documentaries and persuasive language in advertisements
  • explaining form, features and purposes of texts, such as how they are organised in terms of layout, headings, sequencing of ideas and stylistic devices, for example, informative language in documentaries and persuasive language in advertisements

  VCNRU082 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU083

  Analyse culturally specific ways of interacting in the language being studied and how and why language use varies according to cultural contexts, considering why these interactions differ from those in English or in other languages

  Elaborations

  • comparing texts created for different audiences, such as advertisements, brochures and signs, noticing how language use reflects ideas and messages that are relevant to a particular audience
  • investigating the nature and use of the target language in different contexts of interaction, reflecting on similarities and differences to interactions in English or other languages
  • identifying English words in the language being studied and discussing their emergence and use

  VCNRU083 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCNRU014

  Recognise features of familiar spoken, written and visual texts

  Elaborations

  • listening to, reading and viewing different simple texts in the language, understanding that texts can be short or long, spoken, written, digital, visual or multimodal, for example songs, chants, labels, captions, stories and dialogues
  • identifying the language being studied from a selection of spoken or written texts from other languages represented in the classroom or in the school
  • comparing similar texts in the language with English and noticing how they are the same or different, for example, a counting song, street signs or labels at a market

  VCNRU014 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU029

  Identify, pronounce and write the alphabet letters, recognising sound–letter relationships in the language being studied

  Elaborations

  • identifying and pronouncing the sounds of the alphabet
  • practising letter clusters in common words or in names
  • beginning to recognise high-frequency words
  • applying appropriate punctuation marks such as full stop, comma, exclamation mark and question mark
  • using different strategies to remember new sounds, for example mnemonics

  VCNRU029 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU046

  Identify and reproduce, orally and in writing, key features of intonation and pronunciation, experiment with the spelling of common words and apply basic punctuation rules

  Elaborations

  • applying, if applicable, different intonation for statements, questions, exclamations and commands
  • reading simple texts
  • applying and using, if applicable, accent marks
  • experimenting with spelling simple words
  • applying phonic and grammatical knowledge to spell and write unfamiliar words
  • understanding and applying punctuation marks in writing, for example, full stop, comma, exclamation mark, apostrophe, speech marks and question mark

  VCNRU046 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCNRU068

  Understand how language use reflects cultural ideas, assumptions and perspectives, and reflect on how what is considered acceptable in communication varies across cultures

  Elaborations

  • discussing ways of communicating across cultures, the significance of cultural concepts and how social conventions are reflected in language use
  • analysing the meaning and use of proverbs, idioms and sayings

  VCNRU068 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCNRU065

  Examine the structure and linguistic choices of a range of personal, informative and imaginative texts, such as diary entries, news reports, cartoons and stories, and consider how these choices were influenced by audience and purpose

  Elaborations

  • describing the main features of familiar text types for example, cartoon, story/storyboard, news report, and identifying features such as sequencing
  • observing that texts are constructed for a variety of purposes, such as to request, instruct, invite or describe the features of a particular text, for example, an invitation to a party or a greeting card
  • identifying the structure and organisation of a range of text types, for example, comparing emails and letters, written notes, text messages and print and digital versions of a journal/diary entry
  • identifying and comparing features of language use in different text types, such as formality/informality, headings, and lexical and grammatical choices that distinguish textual purpose and audience

  VCNRU065 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language