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• VCRAC106

  Engage with texts to locate information and infer meaning, state opinions on information obtained and present it in new forms

  Elaborations

  • locating specific ideas and information about youth and environmental issues or ideas related to other curriculum areas in texts such as advertisements, video clips, job vacancies, reports, magazine articles, reviews and graffiti, and presenting ideas and information to others
  • listening to texts such as advertisements, announcements, interviews and conversations to gather details and use these in own texts, for example, inviting a friend to an event based on a radio advertisement or creating a profile based on an interview with a celebrity
  • researching aspects of society, history and culture (for example, religious beliefs and practices, sports or prominent historical figures) by gathering information from texts and exchanges with peers and adults
  • critically analysing texts such as commercials, websites and brochures that show different representations of the culture/s studied, and reflecting on key messages

  VCRAC106 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCHIC117

  Compose bilingual texts such as digital stories, comics, blogs or contributions to websites that capture the experience of ‘living between languages’

  Elaborations

  • creating texts such as blogs or posts on online forums that draw on their personal bilingual resources to explore the dynamic nature of intercultural experience
  • corresponding with young Hindi speakers in different contexts, using Hindi and English to describe and explain aspects of life in Australia
  • creating bilingual digital stories for younger learners that capture elements of their own experiences of using two languages and living in a multilingual society
  • creating glossaries in English to explain cultural references in contemporary Hindi texts that relate to trans-cultural experience
  • creating a bilingual virtual tour of the school for new or intending students, noticing which language is more appropriate for different elements of the presentation
  • creating bilingual texts such as leaflets or slogans to raise awareness of health or environmental issues among both language communities, for example, स्वच्छ भारत; छोटा परिवार - सुखी परिवार; बेटी बचाओ-बेटी पढ़ाओ

  VCHIC117 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCIDU101

  Understand that Indonesian is a national language that has been and continues to be changed through interaction with other languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • identifying loan words in Indonesian and English, such as ‘cockatoo’ (kakaktua), ‘bamboo’ (bambu), ‘orangutan’, ‘satay’ (sate), ‘rattan’ (rotan), komputer, apartemen, televisi, pilot and modern, and understanding that borrowings are part of the nature of language
  • analysing texts as a class, recording loan words and investigating their origins, and comparing these with borrowings in English and other known languages
  • understanding the importance of Indonesian as a national language, for example, by discussing its origins and observing when and why it is used in contemporary society, such as by comparing versions of the national anthem

  VCIDU101 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCTRC075

  Create a range of imaginative or expressive texts that reflect elements of their experience of living in Turkish- and English-speaking communities, and using language for humorous or emotive effect

  Elaborations

  • collaborating with peers to create their own dramatic or humorous representations of people, situations or events encountered in their own lives that reflect their experiences of living in a multicultural and multilingual society
  • composing and performing poems, songs or dramatic monologues that incorporate elements of either contemporary or traditional literary or musical forms
  • composing expressive texts, such as protest statements, personal letters or persuasive speeches, selecting emotive or powerful language and noticing the basis for this selection
  • creating riddles to compete with and entertain each other, imitating the use of meter, rhythm, rhyme and metaphor exemplified in riddles from Turkish literature and folklore
  • creating English language commentaries to an observed Turkish language sitcom, discussing how to transfer or explain humour or dramatic effects of the original text for non-Turkish speaking Australian viewers

  VCTRC075 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHC180

  Develop and present a position on topical events and people by referring to a range of sources, and connect this position to the perspectives of others

  Elaborations

  • substantiating their position with examples from texts, quotes or statistical data and by using 成语 or 谚语, for example, 养不教，父之过, 父母当然要对孩子的教育负责
  • presenting opinions using strategies suited to audience/readers’ expectations, such as 欲扬先抑 (to criticise before praising)
  • evaluating the credibility of sources by analysing accuracy of evidence, references to other sources, and appropriate use of formal language
  • designing a research plan for learning tasks, such as 《人口增长》, and listing sources of information, data needed, questions to be asked and stating reasons for own decision making

  VCZHC180 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCVIU189

  Analyse the impact of media, technology, globalisation, migration and popular culture on Vietnamese language use in Vietnam and overseas

  Elaborations

  • discussing the influence of electronic ‘chat’ language on students’ literacy skills in Vietnamese and English
  • exploring how globalisation has resulted in the introduction of English words and expressions into Vietnamese, for example, the use of English terms for technology, such as CD, DVD, USB, video, TV, remote control, computer, laptop, internet and website, despite the existence of Vietnamese equivalents, or mixing English into the lyrics of contemporary Vietnamese popular music, and discussing the advantages/disadvantages of such influences
  • exploring the influence of popular culture on Vietnamese language spoken in Vietnam and overseas through the development of new vocabulary such as phong cách / thời trang Hàn quốc, truyện tranh Nhật Bản, nhạc RIB/hiphop
  • exploring the Vietnamese words used in Vietnam that are unfamiliar in Vietnamese-speaking communities in other countries, for example, bức xúc, vấn đề nổi cộm

  VCVIU189 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCLVU194

  Explore language building processes and protocols in communities

  Elaborations

  • investigating language revival efforts in their own community and neighbouring regions, for example, who and what is involved, successes, challenges and protocols, and what these efforts mean to local communities
  • understanding what lexical and grammatical resources and processes are available to build language, for example, linguistic resources and analogies from neighbouring languages, speakers, archival material
  • investigating/understanding protocols for filling gaps and extending semantic domains in the language, including protocols for borrowing from other languages, for creating words by analogy and drawing from within the resources of the language, and discussing associated ethical issues
  • investigating/researching the protocols for receiving, transferring and publishing linguistic resources
  • understanding the importance of intergenerational collaboration in reviving languages, and discussing some of the associated challenges
  • discussing the importance of reviving languages for the individual, the language community and the wider Australian society
  • identifying potential avenues/domains for expansion of the language and gaps to be filled, with the support of community language teams and respected community members
  • appreciating the role of languages advocacy, education and research in building languages
  • understanding how the process of language-building expands existing linguistic and cultural resources in the Australian community

  VCLVU194 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Understanding | Role of language building

• VCHHC083

  Identify the origin, content features and the purpose of historical sources and describe the context of these sources when explaining daily life in colonial Australia, reasons for migration and causes and effects of Federation

  Elaborations

  • examining two sources of evidence to identify similarities and/or differences, and describing what they reveal about the past
  • checking publication dates to put information contained in a text in historical context, for example, a 1965 Australian history book may provide a different perspective to one published in 2010
  • analysing the language used in sources to identify values and attitudes, for example, ‘new Australians’, ‘boat people’
  • examining a range of sources of evidence to identify similarities and/or differences and describing what they reveal about the past, for example, comparing information in sources to determine views on the effects of migration on the development of Australian society

  VCHHC083 | The Humanities | History | Levels 5 and 6 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Historical sources as evidence

• VCELC023

  Respond to imaginative texts by expressing personal preferences, feelings and opinions about themes, mood and language choices

  Elaborations

  • discussing the themes and moods of an imaginative text and sharing with others their opinions and how the text made them feel
  • reading stories such as Greek folktales/myths or Aesop’s fables and discussing their opinion about the values portrayed in these, for example, ‘King Midas’, ‘The hare and the tortoise’
  • comparing themes in imaginative texts, such as contemporary stories, films, DVDs, interactive games and cartoons, expressing opinions and making connections with own experiences
  • analysing the language choices in an imaginative text and discussing feelings and opinions about the impact of these choices

  VCELC023 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCITC064

  Respond to a range of imaginative texts by expressing ideas and opinions about the themes, characters, events and cultural attitudes conveyed, and relate to personal experience

  Elaborations

  • responding to the key ideas of a story, film or poem by giving a personal opinion, describing pros and cons, or expressing perspectives about the characters
  • comparing different students’ responses to the same story, event, character or place to consider different perspectives
  • considering the language, beliefs and values of characters in traditional and modern literature and Italian popular culture, for example, viewing excerpts from contemporary films and discussing personal responses to and the sociocultural context of the film
  • comparing aspects of Italian texts to the way similar issues are portrayed in English-language texts

  VCITC064 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCNRC108

  Respond to imaginative texts by expressing personal preferences, feelings and opinions about themes, mood and language choices

  Elaborations

  • discussing the themes and moods of an imaginative text and sharing how they feel about them with others
  • reading stories such as folktales stories and discussing their opinion about the values portrayed in these
  • comparing themes in imaginative texts, such as contemporary stories, films and cartoons, expressing opinions and making connections with own experiences
  • analysing the language choices in an imaginative text and discussing feelings and opinions about the impact of these choices

  VCNRC108 | Languages | Non-Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCRAC057

  Respond to aspects of imaginative texts by expressing opinions and feelings about them and comparing these with imaginative texts in own language and culture

  Elaborations

  • expressing personal opinions about ideas in texts such as traditional and contemporary stories and excerpts from films or video clips
  • stating personal preferences about characters, attitudes and events in texts
  • comparing key messages and beliefs from texts in the language studied and from Australian texts such as creation and Dreaming stories, fables, myths and legends
  • exploring ideas and values represented in popular culture forms across cultures, such as game shows, soap operas, songs/music clips and computer games, and commenting on similarities and differences

  VCRAC057 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCRAU119

  Understand the role of language and culture in shaping and conveying cultural identity including the multiple languages and cultures present in other countries and in Australia

  Elaborations

  • understanding how language reflects specific cultural ideas as well as values, such as deference and respect
  • recognising that cultural values, customs and practices are constantly changing and are evident in language use
  • appreciating that language use can reflect and express cultural identity, that multiple languages exist in many regions of the world and Australia, including Indigenous languages; and that many people are multilingual and value this capability as an integral part of their identity

  VCRAU119 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCZHU192

  Explain how languages shape the communicative practices of individuals and groups, and identify ways to enhance understanding across cultures

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on how attitudes or values they consider normal in one language may not feel or be viewed in the same way when discussed in a different language, for example humility is a value often conveyed in Chinese but not in English
  • exploring what assumptions are inherent in one language and examining how they might talk differently about the same things in a different language
  • exploring how concepts such as modesty, individual responsibility and respect for authority influence communication styles, and how they may be interpreted by English speakers as lack of confidence, engagement or initiative

  VCZHU192 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCDSTC015

  Explore how plants and animals are grown for food, clothing and shelter

  Elaborations

  • exploring which plants and animals can provide food or materials for clothing and shelter and what basic needs those plants and animals have
  • identifying products that can be designed and produced from plants and animals, for example food products, paper and wood products, fabrics and yarns, and fertilisers
  • considering the suitability of a range of tools when cultivating gardens, mulching and building garden structures

  VCDSTC015 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Foundation to Level 2 | Technologies Contexts | Food and fibre production

• VCEALL644

  Show awareness of how cohesive devices organise ideas

  Elaborations

  • locating in a text a small range of connectives (such as ‘then’, ‘so’), pronouns (such as ‘this’, ‘that’) and articles (such as ‘a’, ‘the’)
  • identifying how the use of related vocabulary (synonyms, antonyms or words related to a particular topic) can make connections between parts of a text
  • following the items referred to by reference items through a long text, for example ‘The movement of electricity through some metals can be converted to heat. This is an easy way to heat people’s homes, and the electricity needed to do this is not too expensive’

  VCEALL644 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCHPEP029

  Identify their personal characteristics

  Elaborations

  • learning to express their feelings, needs, likes and dislikes using simple communication tools
  • describe in simple terms, basic physical characteristics of themselves and others
  • identifying things they can do and explore how these develop over time
  • participating in a range of minor games and activities and exploring what they can do, which ones they like and would like to do more

  VCHPEP029 | Health and Physical Education | Level C | Personal, Social and Community Health | Being healthy, safe and active

• VCARC181

  Reflect on own cultural identity and how it is both shaped by and influences ways of communicating, thinking and behaving

  Elaborations

  • composing a cultural identity profile to exchange with non-Arabic speakers, making decisions about what points of information will be of most interest to others
  • reflecting on choices made to present self to others in particular ways or to conceal aspects of identity when interacting across cultures, noticing differences in the way they communicate, think and behave in different contexts
  • exploring how individual ways of communicating, thinking and behaving reflect and help to shape their own cultural identity, for example, why an Arabic-Australian teenager who speaks English better than they do Arabic and is more familiar with the Australian cultural context may view themselves as more Australian than Arabic
  • comparing and contrasting an Arabic and an Australian experience, such as الإحتفالات العائلية
  • considering how their own and others’ identity may shift according to the place and time

  VCARC181 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCASFU106

  Recognise that there is variation in in how Auslan is used depending on context, environment and influences of other signed languages

  Elaborations

  • exploring different ways to show the same concept, for example though a picture, a spoken word, a sign, a home sign or a gesture
  • exploring similarities and differences in the two main Auslan dialects, the northern dialect used in New South Wales, Queensland and the Australian Capital Territory, and the southern dialect used in Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania and the Northern Territory, for example through building webcam relationships with other schools or by identifying and collecting signs that differ in the two forms
  • noticing different ways that English words are borrowed into Auslan, for example, the use of fully fingerspelled words, such as D-U-E, N-O-U-N, the fingerspelling of the first letter of corresponding English words, for example TOILET, FATHER, or abbreviations of English words, for example, state names: S-A, N-S-W, V-I-C, T-A-S, and organisation names: N-A-B-S, W-A-A-D, N-S-W-A-D, D-C-S-S-A, and lexicalised fingerspelling, such as HOW, BUT, ABOUT, FOR
  • noticing the variation in ‘handedness’ between signers in relation to signs and to fingerspelling: right handers using their right hand as their dominant (main) hand; left handers doing the opposite
  • considering adaptations to language use when communicating in different physical environments, such as in video chats, across a large yard, or when one or both hands are occupied, for example choice of vocabulary, size of signing space, clarity of signs, use of fingerspelling and NMFs

  VCASFU106 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCDEU169

  Understand that German, like other languages, continues to change over time due to influences such as globalisation and new technologies and knowledge

  Elaborations

  • investigating and reporting on evidence of current and historical influence of German language and culture in the local and broader Australian community, for example, German/Austrian/Swiss place names (Heidelberg, Hahndorf, Leichhardt, Grindelwald), food (restaurants, bakeries, market stalls), festivals and celebrations (German Film Festival, Swiss Festival, Weihnachtsmarkt), and organisations (Goethe-Institut, SBS German Radio, clubs, churches, companies)
  • understanding that German, like all languages, is constantly expanding to include new words and expressions in response to changing environments due to globalisation, technology, language shifts and exchange, and intercultural experiences, for example, googeln, skypen
  • understanding that English grammar used to be more similar to German grammar but that English has changed, for example, the Old English ‘What thinkest thou?’ and Was denkst du?
  • noting that although German grammar has not changed as much as English over the centuries, it did relatively recently undergo changes in spelling and punctuation in the official Rechtschreibreform, requiring, for example, β to be used only after long vowel sounds or diphthongs (Fuβball, Spaβ, weiβ), and ss to be used after short vowels (dass, Klasse)

  VCDEU169 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change