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• VCMNA283

  Plot linear relationships on the Cartesian plane with and without the use of digital technologies

  Elaborations

  • completing a table of values, plotting the resulting points and determining whether the relationship is linear
  • finding the rule for a linear relationship

  VCMNA283 | Mathematics | Level 8 | Number and Algebra | Linear and non-linear relationships

• VCCCTR026

  Consider when analogies might be used in expressing a point of view and how they should be expressed and evaluated

  Elaborations

  • considering a range of sample analogies and discussing possible sources for analogies, for example, personal experience
  • examining the form of an argument by analogy and constructing examples, for example ‘just as a machine goes rusty and stiffens if the parts don’t move, people’s bodies also need to move’ as part of a promotion strategy for exercise
  • discussing the strength of an analogy by examining whether there is good reason to think that a particular characteristic is shared, for example that people’s bodies share an adequate degree of similarity with machines in an analogy about the need to keep machines maintained and exercise

  VCCCTR026 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Reasoning

• VCDSCD053

  Use project management processes to coordinate production of designed solutions

  Elaborations

  • explaining and interpreting drawings, planning and production steps needed to produce products, services or environments for specific purposes
  • organising time, evaluating decisions and managing resources to ensure successful project completion and protection of the work space and local environment
  • investigating the time needed for each step of production
  • identifying and managing risks in the development of various projects, for example assessing uncertainty and risk in relation to long-term health and environmental impacts

  VCDSCD053 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Creating Designed Solutions | Planning and managing

• VC2M8M01

  solve problems involving the area and perimeter of irregular and composite shapes using appropriate units

  Elaborations

  • determining the area of composite shapes by composing or decomposing shapes
  • using arrays and rectangles to approximate the area of irregular shapes in situations such as a council needing to work out how much mosquito spray to use for a swamp area or a farmer needing to work out how much seed, fertiliser and herbicide are required to cover a paddock
  • determining the perimeter and area of irregular shapes by sums of increasingly accurate covering measurements, such as line segments and grids; for example, using millimetres or square millimetres as opposed to centimetres or square centimetres

  VC2M8M01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 8 | Measurement

• VC2M4N02

  investigate number sequences involving multiples of 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9

  Elaborations

  • recognising that number sequences can be extended indefinitely, and determining any patterns in the sequences

  VC2M4N02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 4 | Number

• VCMNA154

  Investigate number sequences involving multiples of 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9

  Elaborations

  • recognising that number sequences can be extended indefinitely, and determining any patterns in the sequences

  VCMNA154 | Mathematics | Level 4 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA281

  Simplify algebraic expressions involving the four operations

  Elaborations

  • understanding that the laws used with numbers can also be used with algebra

  VCMNA281 | Mathematics | Level 8 | Number and Algebra | Patterns and algebra

• VCFRU085

  Analyse how grammatical elements such as tenses and verb moods impact on the making of meaning

  Elaborations

  • noticing how grammatical choices can shade meaning, determine perspective and establish relationship, (for example, an imperative verb mood can indicate authority or enthusiasm (Arrêtez! Allons-y! Donnez-moi votre billet, Mademoiselle); shifting from the use of vous to tu can signal a more informal, friendly relationship)
  • exploring how choices of words such as nouns and adjectives can indicate values and attitudes, (for example, c’est un bon à rien/c’est un brave jeune homme; ce sont des illégaux/ce sont des réfugiés)
  • understanding the function of verb tenses to situate events in time (for example, ils vont partir demain matin, je suis allée au ciné hier soir) and to express intention or desire, (for example, je voudrais bien aller à Tunis avec toi!)
  • recognising variations in conjugation for verbs such as nettoyer, envoyer, essayer, appeler, acheter, manger, (for example, nous mangeons, j’essaie)
  • using l’imparfait, understanding how to distinguish between a completed and a continuing action in the past, (for example, nous étions déjà au lit quand Papa a téléphoné)
  • using le passé composé verb forms, recognising verbs conjugated with être as the auxiliary that involve agreement between subject and past participle, (for example, elles sont parties)
  • understanding and using in simple constructions le futur, le conditionnel and le plus-que- parfait tenses
  • being exposed to le subjonctif verb forms used in set phrases such as il faut que tu partes, il faut que je finisse mes devoirs
  • understanding the function of the reflexive pronoun and practising using the reflexive verb structure, (for example, je me suis levée à sept heures, je me suis entra?née…)
  • understanding the function and use of relative pronouns such as qui, que, dont
  • understanding that past participles agree with the preceding direct object when the verb is conjugated with the auxiliary verb avoir, for example, J’ai acheté une tartelette aux fraises — je l’ai mangée trop vite!
  • understanding and using infinitive verb forms and phrasal verbs, such as avoir besoin de faire quelque chose, commencer à faire…
  • using relative, emphatic and direct/indirect object pronouns, for example, qui, que, elle, eux, lui, leur, le, la, les
  • understanding the use of the si clause and how to coordinate meaning through various tenses, for example, si j’avais voulu, je serais partie de bonne heure
  • further developing a metalanguage to discuss and explain grammatical forms and functions, for example, ‘conditional tense’, ‘relative and emphatic pronouns’, ‘impersonal expressions’

  VCFRU085 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCZHC130

  Collaborate in and make decisions about group activities and learning experiences in familiar contexts

  Elaborations

  • participating in group activities and role-plays involving scenarios such as buying food or goods or ordering a meal, and making requests in an appropriate way, for example, 请来…;我想买…; 你有…吗？
  • negotiating details in a transaction, such as stating preferred size, quantity or price, and concluding the transaction with the exchange of currency
  • offering their opinions to help others in transactions, for example, 我喜欢红色的/我最喜欢那个
  • taking collective action to plan and present a cultural item, such as celebrating a festive occasion by performing a song or dance for members of school community
  • discussing cultural items to present for a school event, for example, performing a song, cooking Chinese food or making craft (剪纸, 做灯笼)
  • using digital media to produce a publicity flier for an upcoming cultural or sporting event such as 汉语比赛
  • responding to scaffolding questions about the scientific world in Chinese, for example, answering questions such as 你喜欢下雨吗？; 现在下大雨了， 我们怎么办？; 为什么有人害怕下雨呢？ when learning about rain

  VCZHC130 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCADAP031

  Perform dance with technical competence, using expressive skills to communicate a choreographer’s ideas

  Elaborations

  • developing expressive skills of focus, clarity of movement, confidence and facial expression/character to present dance ideas in performance for an audience
  • applying the elements of dance to communicate dance ideas to an audience, for example, stop and start, percussive arm and upper body movements to express actions in a ball game, or rhythmic and accented movement to express the passage of time or the actions of a clock
  • presenting a dance performance using internet-based technologies

  VCADAP031 | The Arts | Dance | Levels 5 and 6 | Present and Perform

• VCADRE013

  Explore how characters express ideas in dramatic play

  Elaborations

  • creating a play about a social situation
  • creating a play with a social purpose
  • using gesture, sound and/ or facial expressions to communicate a character’s feelings at different points in a familiar story
  • taking part in purposeful dramatic play focusing on experiencing the roles and situations they create
  • exploring possibilities for role and situation when participating in whole group teacher-led process drama and role play
  • learning how to work safely during drama activities and following safety rules of the space

  VCADRE013 | The Arts | Drama | Level D | Explore and Express Ideas

• VCAMAM030

  Develop skills with media technologies to shape space, time, colour, movement and lighting, within images, sounds or text when telling stories

  Elaborations

  • creating a short digital sequence that uses camera angles such as close-ups and medium close-ups to focus on character relationships, power relationships or mood
  • designing and creating an animated sequence that personifies inanimate objects
  • identifying and applying the conventions of web page design to engage and interact with a particular audience
  • editing a chase sequence, adding music to heighten the action and tension
  • editing images or soundtrack of a story to change or emphasise meaning, for example, using framing to represent tension between characters

  VCAMAM030 | The Arts | Media Arts | Levels 5 and 6 | Media Arts Practices

• VCAMUP027

  Rehearse and perform songs and instrumental music they have learnt and composed, shaping elements of music to communicate ideas to an audience

  Elaborations

  • rehearsing and performing music using a range of techniques including technologies to enhance mood
  • planning and rehearsing their music for a live or virtual performance, for example, deciding where the performers will stand, how they will begin and end, practising following cues from the music and other members of the group
  • refining their compositions and performances based on peer and teacher evaluations and with a focus on specific music technique and elements
  • developing and refining techniques on a range of conventional and unconventional melodic and non-melodic percussion instruments, voice, and digital instruments to create and vary tone colour and expression

  VCAMUP027 | The Arts | Music | Levels 3 and 4 | Present and Perform

• VCEALA037

  Participate in shared reading activities

  Elaborations

  • focusing during group reading activities
  • participating with key repetitive phrases or choruses in shared reading activities
  • imitating the pronunciation of the teacher and peers in shared reading activities
  • participating in activities to accompany texts, such as performing actions for a song, following instructions for a simple science activity
  • contributing to shared responses to texts, such as sequencing images in order, matching sentence stems and endings, answering simple questions about ideas in a text

  VCEALA037 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCHHK156

  Continuity and change for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in securing and achieving civil rights and freedoms in Australia

  Elaborations

  • identifying areas, for example, education, health, work, that are the focus for continued civil rights action for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • investigating the legacy of children’s experiences in ‘care’ including their placement in orphanages, children’s homes, foster care and other forms of out-of-home care, and the significance of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1990)

  VCHHK156 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | Rights and freedoms (1945 – the present)

• VCNRU012

  Recognise and reproduce the sounds and letters of the alphabet of the language being studied, identifying how they are represented in words

  Elaborations

  • building phonic awareness by pronouncing and writing the target-language alphabet letters with familiar sounds, and building to more unfamiliar sounds
  • experimenting with sounds, rhythms, intonation and stress
  • noticing the number of letters in the alphabet of the language being studied
  • locating and highlighting specific alphabet letters from the language being studied
  • developing pronunciation and intonation skills by singing, reciting and repeating alphabet names in context, for example, songs
  • focusing on those letters that are different from letters in the English alphabet

  VCNRU012 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCCCC037

  Discuss how and why groups, including religious groups, participate in civic life

  Elaborations

  • researching the work of a non-government organisation (NGO), philanthropist or community group, and how and why they contribute to the Australian community
  • investigating the concept of 'the common good' using examples of how religious groups participate to foster interfaith understanding or social justice

  VCCCC037 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 9 and 10 | Citizenship, Diversity and Identity

• VCEALL729

  Use a range of expressions to qualify opinions

  Elaborations

  • using modals (such as ‘may’, ‘might’) to signify opinions, for example ‘The forest may be changed by this protest action ’
  • writing formulaic expressions to introduce personal opinions, such as ‘In my view …’, ‘I believe …’
  • beginning to use subjective expressions to express opinions indirectly, such as ‘According to research …’, ‘Many consumers think …’

  VCEALL729 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCGGK148

  Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ approaches to custodial responsibility and environmental management in different regions of Australia

  Elaborations

  • researching the role of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in environmental management
  • explaining Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander models of sustainability that contribute to broader conservation practices
  • discussing why land management agencies are working with Traditional Owners to manage environmental change and challenges

  VCGGK148 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Knowledge | Environmental change and management

• VCGGK123

  The causes and consequences of urban concentration and urban settlement patterns between Australia and the United States of America and reasons for these similarities and differences

  Elaborations

  • researching the causes of urban concentration in Australia and the United States of America. For example, the history of European settlement, migration, the export orientation of the economy, the centralisation of state governments, environmental constraints and the shape of transportation networks
  • applying the concept of place to explain why urbanisation produces different spatial outcomes in different countries

  VCGGK123 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Changing nations