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• VCGRCU030

  Reflect on self as a language learner, explaining how the study of Classical Greek influences own communicative behaviours, ways of thinking and viewing the world

  Elaborations

  • exploring own sense of identity, challenging own and others’ assumptions about family and civic responsibilities, traditions, values and attitudes
  • drawing on knowledge of ancient society to examine and interpret own world, including aspects such as ancestry, values, traditions, social status, family and national pride
  • reflecting, such as in discussions, blogs and journals, on experiences in the course of learning Classical Greek and their impact on perceptions of own cultural experience and ways of communicating
  • identifying challenges and achievements associated with learning Classical Greek, for example, learning to ‘read between the lines’ to identify thought implicit in the use of language
  • reinterpreting own experience of learning Classical Greek, listening to others’ perspectives and comparing these with own experience
  • discussing how learning Classical Greek impacts on own ways of thinking and viewing the world

  VCGRCU030 | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Reflecting

• VCZHU080

  Analyse the ways in which language choices reflect cultural practices and values and how language is used to express familiarity and distance between participants in interactions

  Elaborations

  • exploring how known languages influence their own communicative preferences, such as reflecting the values of one culture when communicating in another, for example, differences in the use and frequency of ‘thank you’ and 谢谢
  • making connections between their first language and how it influences communication in additional languages, for example: Why do Chinese speak English in certain ways? What features of my first language influence how I speak Chinese? How does this affect mediation of ideas between languages?
  • interacting with people of different ages and positions, varying language and level of formality according to relative status, for example, using appropriate ways to accept or decline requests, compliments or suggestions (你能不能帮我一点忙？---- 对不起，我没有空; 您找谁？- 你爸爸在家吗？)
  • examining how concepts such as humour and humility are conveyed in Chinese, and discussing how these may be perceived by non-native Chinese speakers
  • reflecting on taboos in language use and how these can impact on communication across cultures, for example: Is it okay to ask someone’s age in China? Why do numbers and colours matter? What are we superstitious about in Australia? What hand gestures are acceptable with Chinese speakers? What can I joke about?
  • defining familiarity and distance as they relate to language use

  VCZHU080 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | The role of language and culture

• VCELA458

  Compare the purposes, text structures and language features of traditional and contemporary texts in different media

  Elaborations

  • reproducing and adapting existing print texts for an online environment and explaining the reasons for the adaptations (for example accounting for the navigation and use of hyperlinks as structuring principles in hypertext narratives)
  • investigating the structure and language of similar text types like information reports and narratives and how these are influenced by different technological affordances (for example hyperlinks as structuring principles in hypertext narratives versus linear text sequencing principles in print narratives)

  VCELA458 | Curriculum content | English | Level 10 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCLVU195

  Investigate and explain techniques used to build language, considering challenges involved and understanding their role as contemporary documenters of language

  Elaborations

  • identifying and discussing the main areas of the language that could be served by language building
  • analysing the authenticity of historical sources used in language building and discuss the strengths and limitations of these
  • investigating different approaches that have historically been used to record language and what this means for language revival, for example, different spellings, different domains of use, lexical biases
  • understanding challenges in developing new words and structures for the language, and how these words might be developed within the existing resources of the language or by analogy from related languages
  • discussing techniques used to build language, such as analysing historical sources, interviewing/recording existing speakers
  • understanding the orthographic and grammatical choices of the contemporary community
  • considering domains of use where the language may grow in the future
  • trying out ways of making new words under the guidance of an Aboriginal languages specialist or a respected community member where appropriate
  • working with local Aboriginal communities in language-related projects, and contributing to local language records and resources through structured and research-based projects
  • understanding their role as contemporary documenters of the language, for example, listening and transcribing spoken texts, preserving language resources developed at school
  • developing a variety of resources for younger and future students of the language
  • investigating programs and initiatives that serve to maintain and strengthen language use, for example, school languages programs, bilingual education, research programs, recording and archiving material, websites, databases and documentaries
  • exploring the importance of advocacy in supporting the maintenance and development of language and culture

  VCLVU195 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Understanding | Role of language building

• VCELC028

  Consider how cultural identity influences interactions in culturally and linguistically diverse contexts such as Australia

  Elaborations

  • developing an understanding of contemporary life in diverse Greek-speaking communities, for example, through viewing excerpts from Greek films, and reflecting on similarities and differences to own lifestyle
  • preparing a family tree with information such as languages spoken by family members, significant places/countries, and reflecting on how background can shape identity, Μιλώ αγγλικά, Είμαι Καναδός, Η μαμά μου μιλά ελληνικά και γαλλικά, ο παππούς μου είναι Άγγλος
  • exploring how cultural identity is manifested in Australian and Greek-speaking communities, for example, through family occasions, community events and festivals, reflecting on the importance of shared understanding
  • reflecting on the experience of learning and using Greek, considering how it may add a further dimension to own sense of identity

  VCELC028 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCADRE041

  Manipulate combinations of the elements of drama to develop and convey the physical and psychological aspects of roles and characters consistent with intentions in dramatic forms and performance styles

  Elaborations

  • analyse and create performance highlighting subtext, dramatic tension, atmosphere and mood based on the story, setting, dialogue and stage directions
  • apply the conventions of character in particular forms and performance styles, using research to develop understanding of the conventions and refining use of relevant techniques
  • using questions to build an understanding of ways context can influence creative choices, for example, how does the drama relate to the social context in which it was created? What culturally symbolic movements are evident in this drama? What historical influences might be evident in contemporary drama created by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples? How are global trends in drama influencing Australian drama?

  VCADRE041 | The Arts | Drama | Levels 9 and 10 | Explore and Express Ideas

• VCAVAP044

  Create, present, analyse and evaluate displays of artwork considering how ideas can be conveyed to an audience

  Elaborations

  • visiting galleries, art museums and public art displays, in formal and informal settings, to research the role of the curator and the evaluate the effective display or exhibition of artworks
  • exploring a range of artworks in different settings and discuss how the location can influence the viewer’s understanding of the artwork.
  • developing and expressing ideas as images, objects and spaces for example, presenting artworks and highlight how artworks demonstrate the interaction between the artist and the audience
  • discussing the presentation and relationships of artworks in an exhibition, and how the display enhances the relationship between the artist and audience
  • applying ethical understandings to a theme, concept or subject matter when making their artworks.
  • investigating the role of commercial galleries and collectors in the making of artworks, for example, sponsorship of work and artworks commissioned for a commercial business
  • documenting experiences and observations from visiting an exhibition and apply this knowledge to develop a physical or virtual exhibition of their own or others’ artworks

  VCAVAP044 | The Arts | Visual Arts | Levels 9 and 10 | Present and Perform

• VCTRC077

  Create glossaries and annotations in English that provide explanations for cultural and contextual references in contemporary and traditional Turkish texts

  Elaborations

  • identifying and explaining cultural references in media texts such as letters to the editor or opinion pieces on issues related to traditional or contemporary Turkish culture, for example, Küçük çocukların evlendirilmesi doğru mu? Pazara kadar değil, mezara kadar
  • explaining cultural allusions in texts associated with historical, religious, national or civic events, for example, bir yastıkta kocayın, maşallah, nazar değmesin, Allah kabul etsin, bayramınız mübarek olsun, sıhhatler olsun, kolay gelsin
  • identifying terms associated with particular elements of Turkish culture and lifestyle, such as aile hayatı, batıl inanç, yemek kültürü, yayla ve Türk düğünü, discussing how they exemplify Turkish values, traditions and changes over time, and how they might be understood by non-Turkish speakers
  • creating a bilingual virtual tour of the school for new or intending students, noticing which language ‘works’ most effectively for different elements of the presentation

  VCTRC077 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCDSTC046

  Analyse how food and fibre are produced when creating managed environments and how these can become more sustainable

  Elaborations

  • comparing land and water management methods in contemporary Australian food and fibre production with traditional Aboriginal systems and countries of Asia, for example minimum-tillage cropping, water-efficient irrigation
  • investigating the management of plant and animal growth through natural means and with the use of chemical products like herbicides and medicines when producing food and fibre products
  • recognising the need to increase food production using cost efficient, ethical and sustainable production techniques
  • describing physical and chemical characteristics of soil and their effects on plant growth when producing food and fibre products
  • investigating different animal feeding strategies such as grazing and supplementary feeding, and their effects on product quality, for example meat tenderness, wool fibre diameter (micron), milk fat and protein content when producing food and fibre products
  • recognising the importance of food and fibre production to Australia’s food security and economy including exports and imports to and from Asia when critiquing and exploring food and fibre production

  VCDSTC046 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Technologies Contexts | Food and fibre production

• VCZHU095

  Identify traditional phrases and contemporary terms in everyday language use and the role of technology in changing the way people communicate

  Elaborations

  • discussing contexts where 繁体字 and 简体字 are used in Chinese-speaking communities today and exploring the use of these scripts as an expression of local identity, for example, in Hong Kong and Taiwan, or in local temples, signs and newspapers
  • understanding the nature of and reasons for the simplification process by analysing and comparing characters in both systems (简体字 and 繁体字), for example, 门-門;国-國;这-這
  • appreciating the role of myths, legends and 成语 in contemporary language use, for example, reading texts containing 成语, such as 井底之蛙，画龙点睛 within 成语故事, and discussing their intended meaning, and the cultural importance of classical language employed in contemporary contexts
  • discussing how languages influence each other, for example, how foreign concepts are represented in Chinese; interpreting the meanings of transliterations such as 可口可乐, translations such as 热狗, and hybrid forms such as 因特网
  • noticing the use of English phrases and sentences in Chinese interactions (for example, 拜拜, or a few lines of English in a Chinese pop song), and discussing the reason for the ‘code-switching’

  VCZHU095 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCZHC165

  Express opinions about how popular imaginative texts, including poems and 故事, reveal important cultural values

  Elaborations

  • describing how emotions, attitudes or intentions of a performer, author or character are conveyed through language, and analysing how emotions (for example, happiness, sadness, homesickness) are expressed in popular songs or TV programs
  • viewing popular TV programs designed for Chinese youth, sharing individual responses or reactions to forms of Chinese entertainment, and comparing features of performance across cultures
  • understanding how music, imagery and stereotypical representations of people, places and practices are used in contemporary youth media to influence audience responses
  • exploring regional and generational influences on popular culture of the Sinophone world (such as 港台流行歌曲； 港片), and identifying different concepts of ‘beauty’ in different eras, for example, 60年代流行…, 70年代流行…
  • comparing features of performance in different media (such as radio, television and online videos), and discussing how entertainment is changing with technology
  • producing creative texts in response to literary texts such as 《某某后传》, reflecting the literary styles and methods identified in such texts
  • reading a range of imaginative texts from other cultures, keeping a reading journal (读书笔记) to record understanding and own responses, and participating in class discussions about texts such as 《小王子》 and 《安徒生童话选》
  • discussing themes and meanings of traditional texts, including classical poems (for example,《静夜思》，《春晓》，《咏鹅》) and stories, fables and legends ( for example, 《孔融让梨》、《井底之蛙》、 《铁杵磨针》

  VCZHC165 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCJAU017

  Understand that the Japanese language both influences and is influenced by other languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • recognising words of Japanese origin used in English, for example, ‘judo’, ‘karaoke’, ‘karate’, ‘obento’, ‘sushi’
  • recognising the use of words ‘borrowed’ by Japanese from other languages such as English, French or Portuguese, for example, サッカー、 ゴルフ、 パン、 and noting how these are pronounced by Japanese speakers
  • understanding that languages and cultures change continuously due to contact with one another and in response to new needs, ideas and developments in communications and technology, and considering why some types of words and expressions are more frequently borrowed, such as ラップトップ、 ダウンロード、 チャット
  • identifying words that have similar meanings and pronunciation across different languages, and reflecting on the possible origins of such words and their associated cultures
  • understanding that there are Japanese-speaking communities outside Japan, for example, in the United States, in particular Hawaii, and South America, and that Japanese is widely taught in many countries around the world and within the Asia-Pacific region, including Australia
  • understanding that all languages change, that some are constantly growing and expanding and that others are disappearing or being revived, as in the case of many indigenous languages

  VCJAU017 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCARU134

  Understand that Arabic as a spoken language varies according to region and country and that meaning can be influenced by gestures, tone and purpose

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on how they communicate with their family and friends and with people less close to them, noticing differences in word choice, language use and communicative behaviour
  • understanding that Arabic as a language has a standard form called اللغة العربية الفصحى , which is mainly used in writing, and a range of spoken dialects that differ greatly from region to region, for example, Lebanese, Egyptian, Sudanese and the Iraqi and Gulf regional dialects
  • understanding how differences in gestures and tone are used to change the meaning of spoken text, and how the purpose of interaction, such as to instruct or invite, changes the emphasis on words and expressions being used

  VCARU134 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCEBC004

  Identify influences on consumer choices and explore strategies that can be used to help make informed personal consumer and financial choices

  Elaborations

  • identifying examples of goods and services purchased and listing and explaining the factors that influenced their decision, for example, price, fashion, peer pressure, advertising, taste
  • identifying the variety of selling and advertising strategies used by businesses, for example, television and internet advertising and email promotions
  • exploring the strategies that can be used when making consumer and financial decisions, for example, comparing prices, keeping a record of money spent, saving for the future

  VCEBC004 | The Humanities | Economics and Business | Levels 5 and 6 | Consumer and Financial Literacy

• VCHPEM160

  Reflect on how fair play and ethical behaviour can influence the outcomes of movement activities

  Elaborations

  • participating in competitions where players rather than an independent official are responsible for applying the rules
  • discussing the role in promoting fairness and ethical behaviour in sport of organisations such as the Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority, sporting tribunals, Australian Human Rights Commission and the Court of Arbitration for Sport
  • reflect on how equitable participation in group activities can influence outcomes in physical activity
  • investigating the impact of performance-enhancing drugs on individuals and sporting codes

  VCHPEM160 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 9 and 10 | Movement and Physical Activity | Learning through movement

• VCICCB010

  Explain how intercultural experiences can influence beliefs and behaviours, including developing a critical perspective on and respect for their own and others cultures

  Elaborations

  • using a range of overseas and national travel brochures to discuss different ideas about travel, including the notion that travel broadens peoples horizons, and create a list of reasons how and why Australians travel
  • creating a class list of what having an ‘open mind’ might look like and why it may be useful during intercultural experiences, such as in scenarios like student exchanges or overseas travel
  • exploring the meaning of terms such as tolerance, respect and acceptance and discussing a range of ways to show respect for different cultural practices
  • discussing how body language and gestures can influence communication and describing differences in meanings attached to body language and gestures in different cultures, such as giving a ‘thumbs up’, bowing or pointing

  VCICCB010 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 5 and 6 | Cultural Practices

• VCICCB009

  Analyse how aspects of their own and others lifestyle, behaviour, attitudes and beliefs can be culturally influenced

  Elaborations

  • comparing differences in a range of countries, such in legal driving or voting age, laws around alcohol consumption or school leaving age, and discussing these in relation to adolescent – adulthood rights of passages
  • identifying cultural connections between Australia and countries in the Asia region and the activities that facilitate these connections, such as travel, student exchange, storytelling formats, music and dance
  • exploring identity through economic, consumer and media practices and choices, and discussing these in relation to globalisation and/or American cultural influence, such a popular music, television or film
  • prompting students to explore and evaluate the source of a range of popular and traditional cultural practices or artefacts, for example, surfing in Australia, the notion of the larrikin, or Hip Hop

  VCICCB009 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 5 and 6 | Cultural Practices

• VCKOU018

  Explore how language use and communicative practices can influence people’s lives, thoughts and perceptions

  Elaborations

  • identifying examples of language use that show membership of a particular social group, for example, slang, accents, jargon
  • observing how differently abbreviated forms in multimedia and social media are accepted in Korean and English, for example, ‘ASAP’, ‘RSVP’, 쌤, 여친, 남친
  • examining the presence of Korean language and culture in the Australian linguistic landscape (for example, signage, food, art and music, local newspapers, television or radio), and reflecting on how this is perceived by other cultural groups in Australia

  VCKOU018 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCSSU060

  Natural and processed materials have a range of physical properties; these properties can influence their use

  Elaborations

  • describing a range of common materials, such as metals or plastics, and their uses
  • investigating a particular property across a range of materials
  • selecting materials for a specified use based on their properties

  VCSSU060 | Science | Levels 3 and 4 | Science Understanding | Chemical sciences

• VCHHK159

  Changing social, cultural, historical, economic, environmental, political and technological conditions on a major global influence in Australia

  Elaborations

  • Popular culture
    • identifying American and Asian influences on Australian popular culture since World War II, for example, through mainstream and Hollywood and Bollywood films
    • investigating the changing contribution of the Australian rock ’n’ roll, film and television industries to Australian culture and identity through the development and export of music, film and television, for example, the Easybeats from Sydney, the Go-Betweens from Brisbane and ‘Crocodile Dundee’ (1986)
    • describing significant examples of continuity and change in beliefs and values, such as democratic ideals, religious beliefs, egalitarianism
  • Environment movement
    • recognising the historic impact of the pictures of Earth taken during the Apollo 8 mission and how they influenced people’s view of the world
    • explaining the significance of ideas about the environment, for example, Gaia, the limits of growth, sustainability and rights of nature
    • investigating a range of environmental effects, for example, the flooding of Lake Pedder in Tasmania, deforestation in Indonesia, the decline of the Aral Sea, the Exxon Valdez oil spill, the whaling industry
    • explaining the struggle over French nuclear weapon testing in the Pacific from 1966–1996, for example, the sinking of the Rainbow Warrior in 1985
    • evaluating the effectiveness of international protocols and treaties such as Kyoto (1997), the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (since 1992) and the Washington Declaration (2007)
  • Migration experiences
    • describing the impact of the Vietnam war on Vietnam and how the communist victory in Vietnam (1975) resulted in the arrival of refugees into Australia
    • investigating policies of multiculturalism since the 1970s and the concepts of cultural heritage and assimilation
    • analysing post-World War II population growth and the development of Australia’s culturally diverse society using different types of graphs
  • Political Crisis
    • identifying and evaluating the changes to Australia as a result of the political crisis
    • using a chart or graphic organiser to categorise the changes to Australia

  VCHHK159 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | The globalising world