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• VCEALL470

  Maintain appropriate tense throughout a text

  Elaborations

  • maintaining reasonable consistency of present and past tenses across multiple paragraphs
  • expressing a range of negatives accurately, such as ‘I have never eaten …’, ‘He does not like to …’

  VCEALL470 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL228

  Write very short, simple texts

  Elaborations

  • write a small number of related phrases or sentences together, for example, when describing a picture, ‘Mum and Dad’, ‘in our house’

  VCEALL228 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL785

  Write a range of extended texts using the structures appropriate to the text types

  Elaborations

  • constructing a range of clearly structured and cohesive texts from different curriculum areas, such as report, argument, discussion, review
  • using model texts and templates to inform the structure of print texts, making some adaptations to suit the particular purpose, audience and content of the text

  VCEALL785 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL539

  Write some common words that are already known orally

  Elaborations

  • using new vocabulary, incorporating familiar oral language, personally significant words and common terms
  • retrieving vocabulary from classroom charts, familiar texts and personal word lists

  VCEALL539 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL334

  Use specific time and sequence markers in speech

  Elaborations

  • using time markers to indicate specific moments in the past, present and future, such as ‘yesterday’, ‘last week’, ‘on the weekend’
  • following instructions that include sequence markers such as ‘first’, ‘then’, ‘after that’, ‘finally’

  VCEALL334 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL773

  Read and understand complex descriptive language

  Elaborations

  • understanding extended noun groups that use adverbs, prepositional phrases and relative clauses, for example ‘the many ways in which groups of monkeys communicate through sound’

  VCEALL773 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL157

  Write legibly

  Elaborations

  • using capital and lower-case letters appropriately
  • writing from left to right and top to bottom
  • writing legibly and consistently by hand, using a range of implements such as pens and pencils
  • using ruled lines to guide writing on the page

  VCEALL157 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL053

  Follow text with finger while reading

  Elaborations

  • tracking with finger and following as the teacher or a peer reads
  • turning pages, following the teacher or peers

  VCEALL053 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL360

  Identify informative, imaginative and persuasive texts when reading texts or listening to texts read aloud

  Elaborations

  • identifying, sequencing and labelling structural elements of the text such as sections, headings or images
  • identifying characteristics of the language of the text, such as use of personal or technical language, or features of intonation and emphasis

  VCEALL360 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL178

  Attempt basic self-correction

  Elaborations

  • attempting to self-correct pronunciation when the listener does not understand the word being spoken
  • repeating correct pronunciation following modelling by the listener

  VCEALL178 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL417

  Use longer descriptive phrases

  Elaborations

  • forming noun groups that incorporate a range of elements, such as ‘frightening old haunted house’, ‘very long, hot week’
  • using qualifiers in comparisons, for example ‘She is a lot taller than her friend’, ‘It is not quite as hot as yesterday’
  • forming negative comparisons accurately, for example ‘less healthy’, ‘not as expensive as’
  • using a range of adverbial phrases to give detail about place (‘under a shady tree’), time (‘for a long time’), accompaniment (‘with her best friend’) and manner (‘in a graceful way’)

  VCEALL417 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL581

  Recognise and follow common imperatives

  Elaborations

  • recognising and following classroom instructions containing familiar imperatives, for example ‘read’, ‘answer’, ‘find out’, ‘complete’
  • following simple sets of instructions, for example ‘Read page one. Answer the set question’

  VCEALL581 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL597

  Show some organisation of subject matter and attempt the structure of a specified text

  Elaborations

  • structuring simple stories, for example with a beginning, a middle and an end
  • writing information under headings or in a template to follow a basic text structure
  • sorting jumbled sentences into groups or short paragraphs based on related topics

  VCEALL597 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL206

  Recognise some common words or phrases

  Elaborations

  • recognising and reading personally significant words, such as own name on charts, book labels, name tags
  • recognising common words and phrases from familiar charts, labels and books

  VCEALL206 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL692

  Comprehend familiar and specific curriculum area vocabulary in a spoken or digital text

  Elaborations

  • matching familiar and learnt vocabulary in spoken texts to print information such as transcripts or word lists
  • using specific curriculum area vocabulary when responding to texts, for example in discussions or presentations

  VCEALL692 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL519

  Recognise some familiar words or phrases

  Elaborations

  • recognising words and phrases displayed in the classroom, such as words on charts, labels, books, posters, signs, notices
  • following instructions on simple signs such as ‘Line up here’ or ‘No running’
  • matching illustrations to familiar words or phrases in a text

  VCEALL519 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL599

  Use simple cohesive devices to structure writing

  Elaborations

  • using common time and sequence markers to link and sequence ideas, such as ‘Yesterday we …’, ‘First we ... Then ... And then …’
  • using a small range of coordinating conjunctions (such as ‘and’, ‘but’), for example ‘I caught a bus and then I walked’
  • using some common subordinating conjunctions, such as ‘as’, ‘when’, ‘until’
  • using pronouns to maintain cohesion and avoid repetition, such as ‘Mary came to school early. She felt very tired’

  VCEALL599 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL650

  Understand the function of punctuation marks

  Elaborations

  • identifying a range of punctuation marks in text, for example full stops, commas, question marks, quotation marks, semicolons
  • attending to punctuation marks when reading aloud, for example pausing at appropriate points in the text, adjusting speech to reflect dialogue

  VCEALL650 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL238

  Copy basic punctuation as part of writing work

  Elaborations

  • writing capital and lower-case letters and full stops accurately when copying
  • beginning to copy more complex punctuation accurately, such as commas, question marks, exclamation marks

  VCEALL238 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL686

  Produce a range of coherent texts appropriate for audience and purpose

  Elaborations

  • understanding and producing text types according to conventions, such as reports, arguments, formal speeches
  • incorporating appropriate organisational features for the text type, for example introduction, arguments for and against, conclusion in a discussion

  VCEALL686 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features