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• VCEALL050

  Identify some sounds in words

  Elaborations

  • relating some letters of the alphabet to sounds, for example relating some vowels to their usual or common sounds
  • using initial letters and common letter patterns to decode new words
  • attempting to pronounce new words by using the most common sound for each letter and sounds for familiar letter groups, following instruction from the teacher such as ‘What does the first letter sound like?’

  VCEALL050 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL476

  Format texts appropriately for the purpose

  Elaborations

  • following a logical or conventional text structure, for example including a headline, byline, photograph and caption in a news story
  • adapting the basic structure of a text type to a range of media, for example formatting an information report as a document, poster or simple website
  • using a range of tools in a software application to format and lay out a digital text, for example using text boxes, font styles and image formatting

  VCEALL476 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL390

  Write sentences with some common errors

  Elaborations

  • writing with some errors such as omission of articles (‘I kicked ball’) and verb endings (‘I am good at defend the goal’), and varied tenses (‘We went to the park and play soccer’)

  VCEALL390 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL565

  Speak with greater confidence and fluency

  Elaborations

  • developing accurate pronunciation and fluency for a range of familiar interactions using personal language, classroom language and some basic curriculum area language
  • speaking with varied intelligibility due to pronunciation, stress and intonation

  VCEALL565 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL029

  Recognise ways intonation is used to enhance meaning or distinguish statements from questions

  Elaborations

  • recognising emotions expressed through intonation, such as happiness, anger
  • distinguishing between questions, instructions and statements based on clear intonation and contextual information such as the actions of peers
  • using rising intonation for questions and stressing key words for emphasis

  VCEALL029 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL451

  Create, edit and navigate a simple digital text, including visual, multimodal and interactive texts

  Elaborations

  • editing texts in simple ways, including deleting or inserting letters, words, punctuation and symbols
  • recognising icons used for common functions, such as search, download or print
  • reading menus or links in order to navigate a website

  VCEALL451 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL757

  Self-correct and improve aspects of pronunciation that impede communication

  Elaborations

  • identifying patterns of pronunciation that pose difficulty in own speech, such as the articulation of final consonants or a specific vowel sound, or inappropriate word stress
  • rehearsing pronunciation with a partner or recording pronunciation using a digital device to self-assess, in order to make improvements

  VCEALL757 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL393

  Use a number of common conjunctions to link ideas to create compound and complex sentences

  Elaborations

  • constructing compound sentences with an expanding range of coordinating conjunctions (such as ‘and’, ‘but’, ‘so’), for example ‘I caught the train and then walked to the beach but I didn’t go swimming’
  • constructing complex sentences using some common subordinating conjunctions (such as ‘because’, ‘if’, ‘when’), for example ‘When Sam opened the door, her puppy ran to greet her’, ‘He can’t drink milk because he is allergic’

  VCEALL393 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL370

  Adapt speed when reading an unfamiliar text

  Elaborations

  • reading word-by-word and clarifying, if the meaning breaks down, by pausing, rereading and/or reading on

  VCEALL370 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL627

  Use simple descriptive phrases

  Elaborations

  • constructing noun groups using an expanding range of describers and classifiers, for example ‘majestic tall trees’, ‘native evergreen trees’
  • using simple comparatives to describe attributes, for example ‘bigger’, ‘more colourful’
  • beginning to use qualifiers, including relative clauses, such as ‘Animals that feed on plants are called …’
  • beginning to use non-finite clauses to add detail, for example ‘Make the batter smooth by mixing it carefully’

  VCEALL627 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL391

  Use a range of verb forms correctly

  Elaborations

  • maintaining consistency of verb tenses in a paragraph or short text, such as ‘–ing’ and ‘–ed’
  • using ‘to be’ as an auxiliary verb in common phrases, for example in simple passive constructions (‘It was broken’) or continuous tenses (‘I am eating’)
  • using ‘to have’ as an auxiliary verb in common phrases, for example ‘They have finished’
  • expressing a small range of complex negatives with some accuracy, for example with appropriate subject–verb agreement (‘He doesn’t like’) or modality (‘She can’t come’)

  VCEALL391 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL445

  Use knowledge of sentence structure to predict words and self-correct

  Elaborations

  • predicting meaning of new words based on knowledge of the base word, such as ‘know’, ‘unknown’, ‘knowledge’
  • inferring the meaning of an unfamiliar word by using known contextual information or ideas in the sentence or paragraph

  VCEALL445 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL496

  Produce short, simple non-standard utterances showing subject–verb relations

  Elaborations

  • constructing statements showing subject–verb relations with varying accuracy, such as ‘He sick’, ‘Students go’
  • adding some elaboration to statements using objects and adverbs, such as ‘He sick today’, ‘Students go zoo’, ‘I no like bananas’, ‘It lay the egg on the leaf’

  VCEALL496 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL564

  Use words from lexical sets related to communicative need, interest, experience or learning

  Elaborations

  • recalling and applying a range of words related to familiar topics, such as words related to family, school, colours, numbers, days, months
  • using common synonyms (such as ‘hot’ and ‘warm’) and antonyms (such as ‘fast’ and ‘slow’) to communicate a range of meanings
  • connecting a small number of words from a lexical set, for example ‘soccer’, ‘ball’, ‘team’, ‘match’

  VCEALL564 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL517

  Recognise simple present and past tense verb forms

  Elaborations

  • identifying common regular past tense verbs ending in ‘–ed’
  • learning a small number of common irregular past tense verbs, for example ‘went’, ‘said’, ‘had’
  • matching simple present and past tense verbs to time words such as ‘today’, ‘last week’, ‘always’

  VCEALL517 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL135

  Read familiar texts with some fluency

  Elaborations

  • reading aloud with some accuracy and confidence words that are familiar or contain familiar letter patterns
  • imitating teacher and peers to read short texts with accurate pronunciation, fluency, pauses and intonation
  • repeating a sentence with corrected pronunciation, intonation or pausing when prompted

  VCEALL135 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL667

  Use adverbials to provide simple detail

  Elaborations

  • using some adverbials to give simple detail about place (‘at the station’), time (‘last week’), accompaniment (‘alone’), manner (‘very quickly’) and cause (‘because of the rain’)
  • using prepositions with varying accuracy, for example ‘with her parents’, ‘in the bus’

  VCEALL667 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL499

  Recognise and use common words relating to familiar class routines, people, experiences and interests

  Elaborations

  • identify, clarify and rehearse words, referring to classroom charts and personal vocabulary lists
  • using common and familiar vocabulary in speech, for example in conversation, in class discussion or when answering questions

  VCEALL499 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL577

  Use organisational and visual elements to suggest the content of a text

  Elaborations

  • referring to visuals to predict and locate content in a text, for example a text title, supporting picture, graph or chart
  • using organisational or visual features to preview or summarise a studied text, for example a simple dot-point list or mind map

  VCEALL577 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL292

  Use basic digital technology functions

  Elaborations

  • typing letters and words, copying from a print text
  • following simple instructions with visual support to navigate a digital text using menu items or links

  VCEALL292 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features