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• VCEALL750

  Use a range of cohesive devices to extend and connect speech

  Elaborations

  • connecting multiple clauses using a range of coordinating and subordinating conjunctions, for example ‘Because of the flooding, they could not access their house and had to evacuate to the school instead’
  • using pronoun references to maintain cohesion throughout an extended text

  VCEALL750 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL728

  Use verb forms appropriate to text type

  Elaborations

  • using appropriate verb forms for the purpose and text type, for example past tense for a reflective response, passive voice in a procedural recount
  • controlling a range of more complex verb tenses, such as elaborated tenses (‘They had been waiting’), multi-word verb groups (‘I was not supposed to know’)
  • controlling agreement for singular and plural nouns (for example ‘My brothers go to high school and my sister goes to university’) and countable and non-countable nouns (for example ‘There were clouds but there was no rain’)

  VCEALL728 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL605

  Incorporate introduced subject-specific vocabulary into simple sentences

  Elaborations

  • referring to studied texts, classroom charts and personal vocabulary lists for subject-specific vocabulary
  • using related subject-specific terms accurately, such as ‘Tadpoles have gills but frogs have lungs’
  • matching subject-specific words to definitions or labelling diagrams

  VCEALL605 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL203

  Sequence words to make simple sentences

  Elaborations

  • putting a jumbled sentence from a familiar text into the correct order

  VCEALL203 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL048

  Recognise some familiar words in context

  Elaborations

  • recognising some familiar, personally significant words in context, such as own name on a list, peers’ names on labels, days of the week
  • identifying some familiar vocabulary (mainly content words) in a supported context, such as shared reading or teacher-led discussion

  VCEALL048 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL604

  Use emerging language to create desired effects

  Elaborations

  • combining known words to create degrees of emphasis or nuance, for example ‘very, very sad’
  • using vocabulary that is familiar or common in texts
  • recording frequently used vocabulary in a personal word list

  VCEALL604 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL239

  Demonstrate basic keyboard skills

  Elaborations

  • identifying basic letters, numbers, symbols and punctuation marks on a keyboard
  • placing a cursor in the correct position on a document page
  • using a mouse to scroll through a document
  • copying basic words from a text

  VCEALL239 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL131

  Relate most letters of the alphabet to sounds

  Elaborations

  • using the common sound of each letter when reading a new word
  • understanding that a letter can represent more than one sound
  • pronouncing the sound of each letter when sounding out new words
  • recognising beginning, middle or final sounds in words

  VCEALL131 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL535

  Use basic conjunctions to connect ideas

  Elaborations

  • constructing basic compound sentences using common coordinating conjunctions (such as ‘and’, ‘but’), for example ‘I went to park and play soccer’
  • copying basic time or sequence connectives from a model text, for example ‘first’, ‘next’ or ‘lastly’

  VCEALL535 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL317

  Use simple layouts to present texts logically

  Elaborations

  • following model texts or templates to lay out learnt text types
  • separating ideas in texts by leaving a line or writing a heading
  • using basic tools in a software application to format a digital text, for example making headings a larger font and placing images near relevant text

  VCEALL317 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL028

  Use intelligible pronunciation but with many pauses and hesitations

  Elaborations

  • imitating and rehearsing pronunciation for familiar and commonly used words
  • accurately pronouncing a small range of familiar words, including personal language, classroom language, some basic topic vocabulary
  • pronouncing familiar individual words clearly and pausing between words rather than using fluent phrasing

  VCEALL028 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL289

  Recognise the function of capital letters and full stops, and use them

  Elaborations

  • pausing at a full stop when reading
  • recognising words using capital letters, for example names and the beginning of sentences

  VCEALL289 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL557

  Comprehend and produce short spoken text types

  Elaborations

  • understanding and producing short texts, such as simple recounts, descriptions, instructions
  • using basic features to structure texts, such as introduction, body, conclusion

  VCEALL557 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL694

  Use pronunciation and non-verbal features to support communication

  Elaborations

  • demonstrating sufficient control of stress, rhythm and intonation to be understood in most situations
  • adjusting features of speech to support and convey meaning, such as emphasising an emotion or opinion

  VCEALL694 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL259

  Respond to key words in many common instructions

  Elaborations

  • carrying out common instructions, such as ‘Open the windows’, ‘Bring your work’, ‘Use the coloured pencils’
  • clarifying instructions before acting, by recasting key words (‘Open them?’, ‘These pencils?’) or by indicating the objects

  VCEALL259 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL516

  Sequence words to make simple, familiar sentences

  Elaborations

  • putting a jumbled sentence from a familiar text into the correct order
  • choosing the correct word to complete a simple cloze or sentence stem

  VCEALL516 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL209

  Understand the function of spaces, capital letters and full stops

  Elaborations

  • using spaces to count words in a sentence or on a line
  • using capital letters and full stops to count sentences
  • pausing at full stops when reading aloud

  VCEALL209 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL477

  Spell most words accurately, drawing on a range of strategies but with some invented spelling still evident

  Elaborations

  • learning an expanding repertoire of sight words from shared texts and classroom activities
  • drawing on knowledge of letter–sound relationships and common spelling patterns to spell new words

  VCEALL477 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL606

  Use grapho-phonic knowledge to attempt to spell unknown words

  Elaborations

  • spelling frequently used words and one- and two-syllable words with common patterns with reasonable accuracy
  • using knowledge of letter–sound relationships and common letter groups to attempt to spell new words, for example, ‘ake’ for ‘ache’, ‘meen’ for ‘mean’, ‘wierd’ for ‘weird’
  • referring to classroom charts and personal vocabulary lists to check or confirm spelling

  VCEALL606 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C1 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL711

  Read and understand sentences containing a broad range of descriptive language

  Elaborations

  • understanding complex noun groups that use a range of pointers, counters, describers, classifiers, qualifiers, and concrete and abstract head nouns
  • understanding a range of adverbial phrases, such as ‘very tightly’, and prepositional phrases, such as ‘with a blue pen’

  VCEALL711 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features