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• VCASFU051

  Identify structures, language features and cohesive devices used in different types of texts, recognising that language choices reflect purpose, context and audience

  Elaborations

  • examining different examples of an Auslan text type (for example, one to inform or one to persuade) and identifying choices signers made, for example the amount of fingerspelling they used
  • noticing how signers achieve textual cohesion and coherence through the use of connectives that create links between clauses, for example BUT and G:WELL
  • identifying the many ways signers can refer to the same referent in a text, for example by using DSs, points, list buoys, and how such strategies support understanding
  • annotating in ELAN or similar software where a signer is using established locations to refer to a noun referent

  VCASFU051 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU069

  Explain the structure and organisation of particular types of texts, such as conversations or information reports, and identify language features used by signers to meet specific purposes and to create cohesion

  Elaborations

  • analysing linguistic structures and features associated with more dynamic texts, such as back-channels and hesitations used in casual conversations
  • applying knowledge of choices a signer can make in texts, for example by comparing two signers’ texts about the same topic and evaluating different language choices each made, such as when to tell and when to enact, or when to use DSs
  • analysing signers’ use of pausing in a description or information report
  • identifying all the ways a signer refers to the same referent throughout a text
  • identifying examples of ellipsis, such as dropping the participants in verbs
  • recognising that nouns that are being introduced are more frequently overt than when they are given already in a text
  • recognising signs that function as interjections or discourse markers

  VCASFU069 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU192

  Identify different types of non-manual features and characteristics of signs, including iconicity, and explore the use of software to transcribe and annotate signed texts

  Elaborations

  • identifying, demonstrating and describing the various types of NMFs: movements of the eyebrows, eyes, nose, mouth, cheeks, shoulders and body, and describing their function
  • understanding that signs can be iconic in a number of ways, such as representing a whole object or part of an object
  • identifying signs with different levels of iconicity, for example, those that are fully transparent, translucent or arbitrary
  • recognising that signed languages involve more iconicity because they are visual not auditory, with most referents having visual features
  • identify and classify examples of spatial modifications of nouns and verbs in a video text using video annotation software, for example, ELAN
  • ‘reading’ and transcribing glossed texts, including interpreting the markings that show how a sign is modified in space, NMFs, DSs and examples of CA

  VCASFU192 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU211

  Understand and use signing space, including making distinctions between character and observer space for constructing different types of texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising that signers can set up referents in the signing space as if they are part of that space (character space, for example, using a bC handshape (use of non-dominant hand) to indicate putting a glass on a table) or as if they are outside it (observer, for example, using 5claw in two locations to represent two houses)
  • appreciating the possible production of reciprocal forms of some indicating signs, such as LOOK, GIVE, INVITE
  • independently identifying instances of DSs and their type
  • analysing a video of a signed narrative and identifying where and how signers are using CA, for example by eye gaze change

  VCASFU211 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU066

  Investigate and explain why signs are structured as they are, including with respect to iconicity, and compare transcription of Auslan video annotation software with glosses

  Elaborations

  • understanding that signs can be iconic in a number of ways, such as representing a whole object or part of an object
  • identifying signs with different levels of iconicity, for example, those that are fully transparent, translucent or arbitrary
  • recognising that signed languages show more iconicity than spoken languages because they are visual not auditory, and that most referents have visual features
  • identifying and classifying examples of spatial modifications of nouns and verbs in a video text using video annotation software, for example, ELAN
  • glossing a text independently, identifying what signs are used, any NMFs, and any examples of DSs and CA
  • beginning to use annotations in a glossed text to show spatial modification of nouns and verbs

  VCASFU066 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCAVAE001

  Experience creation of visual artworks

  Elaborations

  • experiencing the sound, smell and feel of various objects, react to the sensory stimulus and creating art work as a response to the experience
  • creating visual art works with support, for example their own hands are support as they use art materials such as paint and paper to create visual art works
  • exposed to sensory art experience and making basic choices by reaching for, touching, dropping materials, colours, objects
  • holding various objects, utensils for short periods of time, exploring the use of art equipment
  • exposed to colour, texture, materials used or which can be used

  VCAVAE001 | The Arts | Visual Arts | Level A | Explore and Express Ideas

• VCAVCDV002

  Use manual and digital drawing methods and conventions to create a range of visual communications

  Elaborations

  • using observational drawing to represent form, materials and surface textures
  • using visualisation drawings by making a series of quick freehand sketches that communicate ideas in relation to a target audience, for example, a package for a fragile object, or a typography design
  • discussing the purpose of drawing in visual communication design, for example, how can a two dimensional shape be depicted visually to represent a three dimensional form?
  • using paraline and orthogonal drawing systems to illustrate simple packaging forms
  • demonstrating the relationship between manual and freehand drawing conventions, for example, developing a series of concept drawings for a mobile application and then refine them in a computer vector based program

  VCAVCDV002 | The Arts | Visual Communication Design | Levels 7 and 8 | Visual Communication Design Practices

• VCCCTQ023

  Identify and form links and patterns from multiple information sources to generate non-routine ideas and possibilities

  Elaborations

  • discussing how looking for factors such as underlying skills, causes, or processes can assist in finding links across apparently unconnected sources
  • examining the approach to a particular problem in multiple sources and looking for patterns in approaches, for example in creating a text comparing written, spoken and multi-modal sources for patterns in how they represent a particular aesthetic effect or emotion
  • exploring arts works from a particular movement unfamiliar to them, identifying links between the works to identify the style, and creating their own work using that style
  • when creating a new game, exploring a comparison of invasion game movements as a strategy to construct a new movement sequence

  VCCCTQ023 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Questions and Possibilities

• VCDTCD052

  Design algorithms represented diagrammatically and in structured English and validate algorithms and programs through tracing and test cases

  Elaborations

  • designing algorithms to solve real-world problems and describing algorithms using flow charts and structured English, for example START, END, IF and UNTIL
  • recognising that different algorithms can solve a problem with different trade-offs
  • tracing algorithms to predict results and program state for a given input, for example desk checking or using an interactive debugging tool
  • using tracing techniques to test algorithms, for example desk checking an algorithm for a given input by stepping through the algorithm while keeping track of contents of the variables
  • developing test cases that correspond to the requirements of the specifications, for example validating program behaviour on a range of valid and invalid user input

  VCDTCD052 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 9 and 10 | Creating Digital Solutions

• VCELC122

  Participate in everyday classroom activities, such as asking for permission, requesting help, asking how to say or write something, and praising or encouraging peers

  Elaborations

  • asking for permission and requesting help using set phrases, for example, Θέλω βοήθεια, ελάτε κυρία, δεν καταλαβαίνω
  • asking how to say or write a word or expression, for example, Πώς το λένε;
  • praising and encouraging peers, for example, Μπράβο σου, Ωραία, Προσπάθησε, Έλα, Πάλι!
  • using words, phrases or interjections which can be used in conversation, for example, Α καλά, έτσι μπράβο, Ποπό! Ωραία! Όπα!

  VCELC122 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCESC116

  Translate frequently used words and simple phrases using visual cues and resources such as word lists

  Elaborations

  • explaining to others the meanings and use of simple expressions such as greetings that are used for different times and occasions, for example, ¡Buenos días! ¡Buenas tardes! ¡Buenas noches!
  • using classroom resources such as word banks/wall charts, visual dictionaries, word lists and pictures to translate the meaning of single words and common expressions
  • identifying words that look similar and have the same meaning in Spanish and English but are pronounced differently (animal, tomate, fruta, violín, guitarra, mosquito), and considering why these words are similar
  • demonstrating and explaining hand gestures, intonation patterns and facial expressions that accompany Spanish words and phrases or can be used without language

  VCESC116 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Translating

• VCGGC132

  Analyse and evaluate data, maps and other geographical information using digital and spatial technologies and Geographical Information Systems as appropriate, to develop identifications, descriptions, explanations and conclusions that use geographical terminology

  Elaborations

  • constructing a graph to show the relationship between growth in world population and world food production
  • comparing maps showing transport networks with survey responses on personal mobility
  • analysing environmental change, such as the clearance of vegetation or a plan for a vegetation corridor, using topographic maps and satellite images
  • identifying the relevant layers of a Geographical Information System and using them to investigate how they can portray and analyse demographic, economic and environmental data, and investigating the use of GIS by organisations.
  • testing conclusions by considering alternative points of view about an area of investigation and providing a response using as organisers at least two of the concepts of place, space, environment, interconnection, sustainability, scale and change

  VCGGC132 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 9 and 10 | Geographical Concepts and Skills | Data and information

• VCHHC054

  Identify the content features of primary sources when describing the significance of people, places or events

  Elaborations

  • how the stories of families and the past can be communicated, for example through photographs, artefacts, books, oral histories, digital media, and museums
  • engaging with the oral traditions, painting and music of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and recognising that the past is communicated through stories passed down from generation to generation
  • sharing the story of an object from home, describing its importance to the family, for example, photographs, old toys, statues, medals, artwork, jewellery and creating a class museum
  • recognising that stories of the past may differ depending on who is telling them, for example, listening to stories about the same event related by two different people such as a mother and a grandmother

  VCHHC054 | The Humanities | History | Foundation to Level 2 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Historical sources as evidence

• VCHPEP034

  Practise a variety of health, safety and wellbeing actions

  Elaborations

  • learning about the basic elements of living a healthy life
  • identifying some acceptable and safe ways of behaving
  • follow stepped instructions in basic food preparation and hygiene procedures
  • identifying some basic characteristics of food and grouping objects as foods and non-foods, hot and cold, hard and soft foods, always and sometimes food, personal preference
  • exploring safety and following safety rules and procedures in familiar daily routines
  • learning a new skill and feeling positive about their achievement and with support implementing strategies they can use to persist until they are successful

  VCHPEP034 | Health and Physical Education | Level C | Personal, Social and Community Health | Contributing to healthy and active communities

• VCICCB014

  Examine how various cultural groups are represented, by whom they are represented, and comment on the purpose and effect of these representations

  Elaborations

  • using journal entries to collate, identify and critically explore generalisations and stereotypes from media sources, including television, radio and social media
  • examining the concepts of generalisations and stereotypes through a range of different representations of cultural groups, for example, positive and negative representations of Australians or by examining Australian tourism campaigns across different decades
  • analysing media coverage of a current issue and exploring the way different groups are represented
  • removing, rewriting, replacing or changing the racial identifiers in a short newspaper article, letter to the editor or political cartoon, and reflecting on ways that representations of stereotypes can be challenged

  VCICCB014 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Cultural Practices

• VCIDU032

  Understand that language varies according to age, gender and social position, such as place in the family

  Elaborations

  • noticing differences between formal and informal language such as greetings (Hai for friends and Selamat pagi… for adults), or that Ibu/Bapak replaces ‘you’ when speaking to adults and that kamu is not appropriate
  • comparing advertisements, such as for games or toys, for different age groups and genders
  • recognising appropriateness of gestures to accompany language when addressing teachers, friends or visitors to school
  • analysing how the language of texts such as invitations and greeting cards can vary depending on the occasion and the degree of closeness of the relationship between people

  VCIDU032 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCLVU143

  Recognise there are many ways of communicating messages in Aboriginal languages

  Elaborations

  • understanding that there are different ways of telling a story, such as respected community members yarning, through song, dance, music and associated visual design and spectacle, and through painting (body, bark, rock, sand)
  • understanding that texts have a purpose, for example, greetings, Welcome to Country/Acknowledgement of Country/Place, traditional stories, paintings, songs and dances that convey community-wide messages
  • identifying some features of stories, for example, the fact that they are often about journeys across Country/Place, involving landforms, animals and plants
  • noticing how texts such as storybooks are sequenced and organised, for example, by identifying the main title and the connections between pictures and text
  • recognising that communication can also occur through sign language

  VCLVU143 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VC2MFSP01

  sort, name and create familiar shapes; recognise and describe familiar shapes within objects in the environment, giving reasons

  Elaborations

  • sorting a collection of shapes into groups based on different features, such as the number of sides, colour or size, and describing how they have been sorted
  • creating a picture using a variety of shapes and a range of materials, including objects to trace around, describing the shapes they have created or used and sharing why they chose each shape in their picture
  • creating familiar shapes using groups of people; for example, holding hands and creating a circle
  • recognising and naming shapes that are (close to) rectangles, squares, triangles and circles in component parts of everyday items, for example, on bicycles, toy vehicles or kitchen pantry items
  • describing and naming shapes within objects that can be observed on Country/Place, recreating and sorting into groups based on their shape

  VC2MFSP01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Foundation Level | Space

• VC2M10M01

  solve problems involving the surface area and volume of composite objects using appropriate units

  Elaborations

  • determining the volumes and surface areas of composite solids, formed from a range of right prisms and cylinders, by considering the individual solids from which they are constructed
  • estimating the surface area and volume of composite objects in practical contexts
  • using mathematical modelling to provide solutions to problems involving surface area and volume; for example, ascertaining the rainfall that can be saved from a rooftop and the optimal shape and dimensions for rainwater storage based on where it will be located on a property, or determining whether to hire extra freezer space for the amount of ice cream required at a fundraising event for the school or community

  VC2M10M01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 10 | Measurement

• VC2M4P02

  conduct repeated chance experiments to observe relationships between outcomes in games and other chance situations, and identify and describe the variation in results

  Elaborations

  • playing games such as noughts-and-crosses or First to 20 and deciding if it makes a difference who goes first and whether you can use a particular strategy to increase your chances of winning
  • recording and ordering the outcomes of experiments using different physical or virtual random generators such as coins, dice and a variety of spinners
  • experimenting with tossing 2 coins at the same time, recording and commenting on the chance of outcomes after a number of tosses
  • shuffling a set of cards, drawing a card at random, and recording whether it was a spade, club, diamond or heart, or a picture card or numbered card; and repeating the experiment a number of times and discussing the results

  VC2M4P02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 4 | Probability