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• VCEALL771

  Demonstrate understanding of complex language

  Elaborations

  • understanding sentences containing complex features (such as embedded clauses, noun groups and modality), for example ‘If the temperature rises, the polar caps may melt, resulting in …’
  • connecting and transforming simple sentences using a range of grammatical structures to create extended compound and complex sentences

  VCEALL771 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL668

  Use a varied and appropriate vocabulary

  Elaborations

  • choosing from a growing range of common topic vocabulary and familiar words
  • beginning to use a small range of synonyms to avoid repetition
  • selecting appropriate vocabulary from classroom charts, a personal dictionary and texts

  VCEALL668 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL044

  Understand and use simple metalanguage for books and reading

  Elaborations

  • understanding terminology such as ‘book’, ‘author’, ‘picture’, ‘word’
  • identifying and naming elements of book layout and aspects of reading, such as word, letter, page, title, cover
  • pointing to parts of a book in response to questions such as ‘What is the author’s name?’, ‘Find the start of the sentence’

  VCEALL044 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL176

  Use basic verb forms in context

  Elaborations

  • matching simple verb tense to time words, such as ‘Yesterday we went …’,‘Tomorrow we go …’
  • sometimes using inconsistent tense when describing events in the past, present and future, for example ‘We drove the car and then arrive there’
  • using ‘no’ or ‘not’ with adjectives or nouns to express negative forms, such as ‘No hot today’, ‘Not me’

  VCEALL176 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL440

  Interpret the purpose and organisational features of different text types

  Elaborations

  • identifying the text type and purpose of a text, based on organisational features such as sequence of ideas, headings, illustration and layout
  • comparing and contrasting the purpose and structure of texts from different curriculum areas, such as comparing reports from Science and History, or essays from English and Art

  VCEALL440 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL449

  Read on when encountering unfamiliar words

  Elaborations

  • reading on to support fluency and to help deduce the meaning of unfamiliar words
  • returning to unfamiliar words later to check meaning and pronunciation

  VCEALL449 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL232

  Use basic descriptive words

  Elaborations

  • writing simple adjectives and adverbs as single words or part of short phrases, for example ‘tall tree’, ‘run fast’
  • using simple adjectives and adverbs to express personal opinions or responses, such as ‘nice’, ‘little bit’

  VCEALL232 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL474

  Use a range of key vocabulary appropriately

  Elaborations

  • using varied vocabulary accurately in texts such as explanations, information reports or descriptions
  • labelling detailed diagrams or filling in tables using key vocabulary
  • recording key vocabulary systematically, for example using a word map or labelled diagram

  VCEALL474 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL341

  Use, in speech, vocabulary and structures learnt from spoken and written texts

  Elaborations

  • rehearsing and repeating memorable new terminology, for example the names of ingredients in a recipe or rhyming words from a poem
  • incorporating new vocabulary from written texts in conversations and presentations

  VCEALL341 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL258

  Attempt to self-correct

  Elaborations

  • self-correcting pronunciation based on feedback from the listener
  • re-pronouncing words or rephrasing sentences with guidance from the listener
  • rephrasing utterances in simple ways when the listener indicates they have not understood

  VCEALL258 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL387

  Use heading and text formats appropriate to the task

  Elaborations

  • using headings to group information in a report, for example ‘Description’, ‘Habitat’, ‘Diet’ for a report on an animal
  • creating a storyboard with images in sequence and text written underneath the relevant image

  VCEALL387 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL421

  Employ a range of vocabulary to convey shades of meaning

  Elaborations

  • using a range of vocabulary to convey shades of meaning in conversations or presentations, such as ‘good’, ‘fine’, ‘terrific’, ‘excellent’
  • incorporating vocabulary learnt from classroom activities and texts

  VCEALL421 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL124

  Understand and use the basic features of different texts

  Elaborations

  • using language, layout or topic to identify the difference between factual and fictional texts
  • using texts purposefully, for example following simple procedures, locating specific information in a known text, using a simple contents page or index
  • following simple instructions to find information in a text, for example ‘Use the contents list to find the section about oceans’
  • following simple instructions to find information in a multimodal or interactive digital text by following links and headings
  • using images and headings to locate information about specific topics

  VCEALL124 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL177

  Use common descriptive language

  Elaborations

  • using common adjectives to express affect (‘sad’, ‘happy’, ‘angry’), judgement (‘kind’, ‘mean’) and appreciation (‘beautiful’, ‘yucky’)
  • combining some common adverbs with verbs to describe action, for example ‘walk slowly’, ‘sing well’

  VCEALL177 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level BL | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL786

  Write a range of cohesive texts with accuracy

  Elaborations

  • connecting ideas at the whole-text level using organisational features, such as detailed introductions containing a preview of key ideas, conclusions containing a clear summary
  • writing cohesive paragraphs with logical connections between ideas in each sentence

  VCEALL786 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL688

  Use a range of cohesive devices to extend speech

  Elaborations

  • extending speech by constructing compound sentences using a range of coordinating conjunctions, for example ‘I went to the shops but I didn’t buy anything’
  • extending speech by constructing complex sentences using subordinating conjunctions, for example ‘She doesn’t like fish because of the smell’
  • extending speech by adding prepositional phrases to give additional detail, for example ‘Without realising it was raining, he walked out the door’

  VCEALL688 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL662

  Organise the content of a topic at paragraph level, with teacher guidance, to reflect given or new information

  Elaborations

  • following a model text or scaffold for paragraph structure, for example including a topic sentence, main idea, elaboration and summary
  • writing a simple topic sentence introducing and sequencing the key idea of the paragraph, for example ‘Another main reason to ban cars is …’

  VCEALL662 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL127

  Use developing knowledge of English to predict some words or phrases

  Elaborations

  • finishing familiar phrases or sentences from known texts
  • recognising the ways in which new and already known information is presented in sentences
  • using knowledge of familiar words and phrases to make predictions about sentences and collocations, such as for collocations with ‘take’, for example ‘Don’t take the bus. It’s faster if you take the train’, ‘Why did you take so many photos?’

  VCEALL127 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL708

  Identify the role of cohesive markers in a text

  Elaborations

  • identifying cohesive markers in a text, such as ‘also’, ‘finally’, ‘however’
  • understanding the words replaced by reference items, and tracing these reference chains through a long text, for example ‘The team was reluctant to remain during the polar winter, when the sun may not be seen for over a month, as this is the most difficult time for Arctic exploration’

  VCEALL708 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL398

  Spell frequently used words with common patterns with increased accuracy

  Elaborations

  • spelling accurately high-frequency words and words from shared texts and classroom activities
  • using knowledge of letter–sound relationships and common letter groups to attempt to spell new words, with varied accuracy, such as ‘lern’ for ‘learn’

  VCEALL398 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features