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• VCEALC056

  Write simple sentences related to own experience or school context

  Elaborations

  • writing familiar words and strings of letters that approximate the pronunciation of words
  • completing sentences giving personal information, for example ‘My name is …’, ‘I have … people in my family’
  • recounting personal experiences in sequence using basic detail

  VCEALC056 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Writing | Communication

• VCEALC425

  Understand main ideas in a text and extract specific details

  Elaborations

  • skimming and scanning a text to identify the topic and extract specific details
  • finding answers to simple questions, such as ‘Where did …?’, ‘Who was the …?’
  • retelling a story through speech or writing, including giving characters and settings, and key events in the correct sequence

  VCEALC425 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Communication

• VCEALC611

  Participate in common school routines

  Elaborations

  • understanding common classroom language, including questions, instructions and basic information
  • following a short set of instructions in sequence, such as ‘Divide your page into two columns. Label the columns A and B. Then number the rows 1 to 20’
  • asking for clarification, for example ‘Do I number the rows like this?’

  VCEALC611 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALC325

  Use a repertoire of common classroom and schoolyard language

  Elaborations

  • understanding simple questions on familiar topics or themes and responding appropriately
  • following a short sequence of classroom task-related instructions with clear steps and modelling of the task
  • adapting common classroom and schoolyard language to a small range of relevant situations, such as ‘Wait a minute’, ‘Be quiet, please’, ‘My turn’

  VCEALC325 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B2 | Speaking and Listening | Communication

• VCEALC455

  Write a range of texts covering topics across the curriculum areas, incorporating information from different sources

  Elaborations

  • writing a small range of texts used in different curriculum areas (such as historical recount, information report, procedure, explanation), with reference to templates and models
  • incorporating information from personal experience, classroom activities and shared texts
  • contributing to shared writing of a recount or report on an online platform, giving reasons for placing events in a particular sequence

  VCEALC455 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Writing | Communication

• VCEALL015

  Recognise familiar spoken texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising common functions of speech, such as questions, statements, commands
  • recognising a small number of familiar texts used frequently in class, such as songs, rhymes, stories
  • listening to and reproducing the sequence of ideas in a short spoken story or recount
  • recognising familiar words in spoken texts

  VCEALL015 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Speaking and Listening | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL440

  Interpret the purpose and organisational features of different text types

  Elaborations

  • identifying the text type and purpose of a text, based on organisational features such as sequence of ideas, headings, illustration and layout
  • comparing and contrasting the purpose and structure of texts from different curriculum areas, such as comparing reports from Science and History, or essays from English and Art

  VCEALL440 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL662

  Organise the content of a topic at paragraph level, with teacher guidance, to reflect given or new information

  Elaborations

  • following a model text or scaffold for paragraph structure, for example including a topic sentence, main idea, elaboration and summary
  • writing a simple topic sentence introducing and sequencing the key idea of the paragraph, for example ‘Another main reason to ban cars is …’

  VCEALL662 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL724

  Write cohesive texts for a range of purposes

  Elaborations

  • connecting ideas and information at the whole-text level, for example writing topic sentences to focus paragraphs, and to connect paragraphs to the introduction and conclusion
  • ordering ideas in a paragraph so that they follow a logical sequence, for example chronological order, most common to least common examples

  VCEALL724 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C3 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL768

  Examine the role of the structures and features of mainstream texts in different curriculum areas

  Elaborations

  • comparing and contrasting structure and language features of texts from different curriculum areas, such as comparing reports from Science and History, or essays from English and Art
  • examining structures and features of texts in curriculum areas through guided activities, such as labelling, sequencing, transforming texts

  VCEALL768 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL535

  Use basic conjunctions to connect ideas

  Elaborations

  • constructing basic compound sentences using common coordinating conjunctions (such as ‘and’, ‘but’), for example ‘I went to park and play soccer’
  • copying basic time or sequence connectives from a model text, for example ‘first’, ‘next’ or ‘lastly’

  VCEALL535 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level CL | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALA037

  Participate in shared reading activities

  Elaborations

  • focusing during group reading activities
  • participating with key repetitive phrases or choruses in shared reading activities
  • imitating the pronunciation of the teacher and peers in shared reading activities
  • participating in activities to accompany texts, such as performing actions for a song, following instructions for a simple science activity
  • contributing to shared responses to texts, such as sequencing images in order, matching sentence stems and endings, answering simple questions about ideas in a text

  VCEALA037 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A1 | Reading and Viewing | Cultural and Plurilingual Awareness

• VCEALC113

  Understand information in texts read and viewed in class

  Elaborations

  • demonstrating understanding of simple factual or fictional texts by performing a task, such as following written instructions to plant a seed in a pot, dramatising or drawing parts of a story
  • answering simple questions, indicating true/false statements or sequencing information from a text
  • matching phrases and sentences from the text to images or diagrams showing the same ideas
  • obtaining information from simple diagrams or graphs
  • demonstrating understanding of new texts and responding to them, for example reading along with repetitive sections or predicting what comes next

  VCEALC113 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Reading and Viewing | Communication

• VCEALC137

  Write beyond the immediate environment and beyond known language with support from the teacher

  Elaborations

  • following the structure of model texts, such as the use of a greeting, sequence of events and reflection in a diary
  • altering phrases and sentences modelled in a class text to include personal and imaginative details
  • recounting personal experiences in a blog or diary, based on reading similar texts in class
  • writing imaginative texts adapted from or in response to classroom texts, for example following the same narrative structure, writing about a character in a new setting

  VCEALC137 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Communication

• VCEALL787

  Use an extended range of cohesive devices to improve fluency

  Elaborations

  • using connectives to show contrast (‘however’, ‘nevertheless’, ‘although’), sequence (‘finally’, ‘subsequently’), adding (‘additionally’, ‘furthermore’) and consequence (‘therefore’, ‘consequently’)
  • using pronouns to refer to repeated ideas in a section of text, for example ‘The first reason … It is … This leads to …’
  • using complex prepositions to show relationships between ideas, for example ‘Among the causes …’, ‘Following the protests …’

  VCEALL787 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level C4 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL441

  Understand the cohesion of ideas between and within paragraphs

  Elaborations

  • locating the topic sentence at the beginning of each paragraph, and finding the key words to identify the main idea
  • reordering sentences in a paragraph to follow a logical order of ideas and language
  • sequencing sentences using conjunctions of time (for example ‘then’, ‘next’, ‘first’, ‘after’) to make a cohesive paragraph
  • understanding items referred to by pronouns, and tracing these references through a text

  VCEALL441 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level B3 | Reading and Viewing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCEALL149

  Use a variety of simple text structures

  Elaborations

  • relying on templates or model texts for organisational structure, for example using an introduction, body paragraphs and a conclusion
  • copying topic sentences or parts of sentences to support idea generation and to structure writing
  • reflecting the vocabulary and structure of spoken English in print texts
  • using a variety of simple text structures, such as a title, an opening, an ending, a caption
  • using basic conjunctions and connectives to show time and sequence, such as ‘On Saturday I … We went … We saw … I went ... Then I ... And then ...’

  VCEALL149 | Curriculum content | English as an Additional Language (EAL) | Level A2 | Writing | Linguistic Structures and Features

• VCELA458

  Compare the purposes, text structures and language features of traditional and contemporary texts in different media

  Elaborations

  • reproducing and adapting existing print texts for an online environment and explaining the reasons for the adaptations (for example accounting for the navigation and use of hyperlinks as structuring principles in hypertext narratives)
  • investigating the structure and language of similar text types like information reports and narratives and how these are influenced by different technological affordances (for example hyperlinks as structuring principles in hypertext narratives versus linear text sequencing principles in print narratives)

  VCELA458 | Curriculum content | English | Level 10 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELY266

  Plan, draft and publish imaginative, informative and persuasive texts demonstrating increasing control over text structures and language features and selecting print and multimodal elements appropriate to the audience and purpose

  Elaborations

  • using print and digital resources to gather information about a topic
  • selecting appropriate text structure for a writing purpose and sequencing content for clarity and audience impact
  • using appropriate simple, compound and complex sentences to express and combine ideas
  • using vocabulary, including technical vocabulary, relevant to the text type and purpose, and appropriate sentence structures to express and combine ideas

  VCELY266 | Curriculum content | English | Level 3 | Writing | Literacy

• VCELY194

  Create short imaginative and informative texts that show emerging use of appropriate text structure, sentence-level grammar, word choice, spelling, punctuation and appropriate multimodal elements

  Elaborations

  • referring to learned knowledge of text structure and grammar when creating a new text
  • applying new vocabulary appropriately in creating text
  • learning how to plan spoken and written communications so that listeners and readers might follow the sequence of ideas or events
  • beginning to consider audience in designing a communication involving visual components, selecting images for maximum impact

  VCELY194 | Curriculum content | English | Level 1 | Writing | Literacy