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• VCELU016

  Understand that Greek is a language that has influenced many global languages and continues to influence and change through interaction with other languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • understanding that Greek is an official language of Greece, Cyprus and the European Union and is also spoken in Greek-speaking communities in the Greek Diaspora
  • exploring and discussing the influence of the Greek language on English, identifying examples of Greek words and morphemes used in English, such as prefixes, suffixes and base words, using strategies to work out meanings of unknown words, and considering why word borrowing occurs across languages, for example, anti-, astro-, auto-, bio-, cosmos, deca-, demo-, geo-, glossary, -gram-, -graph-, hyper-, hypo-, -ic, -ism, -itis, kilo-, -logue, mega-, -meter-, micro-, mono-, -morph-, neo-, octo-, -ology, pent-, peri, -phil-, -phobia, photo-, -poly-, psych-, -scope, tech-, tele-, -therm-, tri-
  • recognising loan words from English that are used in Greek, such as πάρτι, and other words used in Greek that have been borrowed from other languages such as μπλε, γκρι, ροζ, παλτό, ραντεβού, λέντι, κέφι, and discussing why these words have been borrowed

  VCELU016 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELU014

  Recognise and understand characteristic features of common types of text, comparing them with equivalent texts in English

  Elaborations

  • comparing texts in Greek and English by identifying similarities and differences, for example, postcards, diary entries, short emails or a personal note to a friend
  • identifying characteristic features of familiar text types such as signs, instructions, songs, advertisements and invitations, and noting differences in expression and levels of formality, for example, a wedding invitation or a clothing sale at a store
  • transforming a simple text, such as a short song, into another text type, for example, a conversation or cartoon, applying the key features of the second text type and making comparisons with transforming a similar text in English

  VCELU014 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCELU015

  Understand that Greek, like all languages, varies according to participants, roles and relationships, context and culture

  Elaborations

  • examining differences between formal and informal language in social interactions such as greetings, introductions and farewells, for example, Γεια σου Γιάννη/Γεια σας παιδιά, Με λένε Μαρία, Καληνύχτα σας
  • recognising that language use varies according to context and situation, and variables such as gender, age and the relationship of participants, for example, language used with friends compared to language used in formal situations such as meeting a friend’s family for the first time
  • observing and noticing cultural differences in informal and formal situations and interactions, for example, at a Greek celebration such as a festival

  VCELU015 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELC163

  Participate in intercultural interactions, reflecting on choices and adjustments made to language and behaviour when communicating in Greek and demonstrating awareness of the importance of shared understanding

  Elaborations

  • experimenting with Greek gestures and body language, considering which should and should not be used in interactions with others, for example, signalling downwards to beckon others
  • making appropriate language choices with awareness of social situations, for example, using the polite plural form when speaking to people who are older or not familiar
  • interacting, face-to-face or online, with members of Greek-speaking communities, describing the experience and reflecting on the most appropriate ways of interacting with Greek speakers such as an elderly person, or a recent arrival from Greece or Cyprus
  • reflecting on how own cultural etiquette and behaviour may be interpreted when interacting with Greek speakers, noticing own body language and modifying gestures such as tilting head backward to indicate ‘no’

  VCELC163 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCELU170

  Understand how language use reflects cultural ideas, assumptions and perspectives, and reflect on how what is considered acceptable in communication varies across cultures

  Elaborations

  • discussing ways of communicating across cultures, the significance of cultural concepts and how social conventions are reflected in language use, for example, Γεια μας!, Nα΄σαι καλά, Σιδερένιος, Να ζήσετε, Πάντα άξιος, considering assumptions and perspectives
  • analysing the meaning and use of proverbs, idioms and sayings, for example, Δείξε μου τον φίλο σου να σου πω ποιος είσαι, discussing how they reflect culture and traditions
  • reflect on ways cultural ideas embedded in language influence places occupied by Greek diaspora and the sustainability of those places

  VCELU170 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCELU168

  Understand how language use varies according to context, purpose, audience and mode of delivery, and how language choices, such as shifting from a formal to an informal style, may signal changes in social settings

  Elaborations

  • identifying linguistic features used in different types of text, for example, different greetings and levels of formality expressed in conversations, speeches, emails and electronic text messages
  • identifying differences in language, register and style in a range of contexts, for example, in songs, graffiti and event invitations
  • understanding that different situations need different levels of politeness depending on the context and the speaker, such as thanking a peer for a gift, apologising to a host for lateness
  • recognising that there are linguistic choices to ensure appropriate interaction, for example, when giving directions εδώ είπα, δεξιά παρακαλώ, σταμάτα

  VCELU168 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELC164

  Reflect on how own biography, including personal experiences, family origins, traditions and beliefs, impacts on identity and shapes own intercultural experiences

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on the experience of learning and using Greek and the role of language and culture in expressing identity, and considering the influence of own background on ways of communicating, such as in the use of gestures and body language
  • reflecting on how learning Greek may have impacted on own identity and understanding of the world such as an increased awareness of representations of Greece and Cyprus in the media

  VCELC164 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCELU169

  Recognise that Modern Greek has evolved from Ancient Greek and that changes to the Greek alphabet, number system and style of writing have occurred through the ages; considering factors that have influenced this change

  Elaborations

  • finding examples of Greek script throughout history, such as on pots and stone slabs, for example, the Rosetta Stone, the entrance to Delphi, tombstones in Vergina, Byzantine artefacts, coins and old books, observing how different styles of writing have developed
  • understanding that there are different forms of written Greek used in different contexts dating from the ancient world to today
  • recognising that meanings of particular words and expressions can originate from earlier times, for example, εντάξει

  VCELU169 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELC009

  Create bilingual texts and resources to support their own learning, such as glossaries and personal dictionaries, digital resources and charts

  Elaborations

  • creating bilingual resources for language learning, such as word banks or a personal Greek–English dictionary, with examples and explanations of language use
  • using dictionaries and electronic translation tools to create bilingual texts, such as posters, maps, menus and schedules, making decisions about language use that are appropriate for the audience
  • creating bilingual resources, such as picture dictionaries or photo stories with bilingual captions and labels, for example, recreating a village scene in Greece or Cyprus, depicting roads, shops, products and services
  • creating bilingual signs and notices for the school, such as το γυμναστήριο, η είσοδος/έξοδος, η αίθουσα
  • developing strategies to support understanding of language that cannot be directly translated, for example, in the use of actions and gestures

  VCELC009 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCELU017

  Identify connections between language, culture and communication, recognising how communication styles and practices vary across cultures and how intercultural exchange involves the exchange of meaning as well as words

  Elaborations

  • investigating own personal and community practices to identify connections with Greek language and culture, for example, in cooking, sport, music, dance or technology
  • discussing elements of culture in Greek language and their significance in reflecting values, attitudes and traditions, such as references to saints’ days
  • discussing, questioning and explaining understanding of own and other cultures, and considering how attitudes towards diversity and difference affect communication and the sustainability of communities
  • examining culturally specific terms and phrases, such as η παρέα , το κέφι, Στην υγειά σου, Με γεια, Γεια στα χέρια σου/σας, developing appropriate explanations for them and discussing equivalent terms in other languages

  VCELU017 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• Modern Greek - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 description

  By building their vocabulary knowledge, students are able to develop and express more complex concepts in Modern Greek. They use a range of grammatical forms and structures to convey relationships between ideas, events and experiences, developing awareness of the language structures and features...

  Level description | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence

• VCELC157

  Obtain and interpret information from a range of spoken, written, print or digital texts related to topics of interest such as leisure, food and diet, entertainment and special occasions

  Elaborations

  • collecting information from a range of texts, such as advertisements, signs, announcements, maps and recipes, identifying context, purpose and audience
  • comparing information from different texts such as a diary entry, song or invitation, about special occasions, evaluating information and discussing culture-specific terms and representations (Να ζήσεις! Χρόνια πολλά)
  • using print and online resources such as dictionaries and grammar references to support understanding of texts
  • summarising information and viewpoints in a range of texts, using tools such as guided note taking
  • accessing print and digital texts, such as invitations, cards and messages, summarising main ideas and key information and responding to them, for example, Ευχαριστώ για το μήνυμα, Θα είμαι εκεί στις εφτά

  VCELC157 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCELU012

  Identify similarities and differences between the phonological and orthographic systems of English and Greek, including accentuation and intonation in oral language, and decode and use the Greek script

  Elaborations

  • using the Greek alphabet, making connections between spoken and written forms, and recognising similarities and differences to the English alphabet
  • recognising accentuation and differences such as πού/που,πώς/πως, ή/η
  • developing and using Greek pronunciation, reproducing sounds and combinations
  • using the Greek alphabet for spelling out names and other words
  • developing awareness of Greek sounds, rhythms and intonation patterns
  • becoming familiar with the Greek vowel system
  • recognising intonation for questions, statements, commands and interjections
  • knowing when to use σ/ς
  • using vowels to create same sounds, such as ι, η, υ, ει, οι
  • understanding and using punctuation particular to the Greek language, for example, the question mark (;)

  VCELU012 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• Modern Greek - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 description

  Students become familiar with the sounds of Modern Greek, including pronunciation, rhythm, pitch and stress (Πώς πας Αντώνη; το αυτοκίνητό μου). They approximate the pronunciation...

  Level description | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence

• VCELU013

  Recognise and use vocabulary and grammatical elements such as articles, pronouns and gender forms, and a limited range of common verbs in the present tense to create simple sentences and phrases

  Elaborations

  • using nouns and verbs, recognising agreement and word order, for example, Η μαμά μου είναι ...
  • understanding and applying the concept of verb conjugation by using appropriate verb endings
  • indicating quantity using plural forms, for example, ο, η, το, οι, οι, τα
  • using negative expressions such as δεν, μη
  • conjugating the present tense
  • using common verbs such as γράφω, θέλω, τρέχω to describe simple actions
  • using definite and indefinite articles, for example, ο, η, το,ένας, μία, ένα
  • applying appropriate gender to nouns
  • using singular and plural pronouns εγώ, εσύ, αυτός/η/ο, εμείς, εσείς, αυτοί/ες/α
  • developing knowledge of vocabulary related to personal world, for example, self, family, friends, school and home, leisure activities, food and drink

  VCELU013 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language