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• VCJAU159

  Recognise the use of formulaic expressions and textual features in familiar texts such as emails, letters, postcards or telephone conversations

  Elaborations

  • recognising the order for writing the components of the date in Japanese, for example, 年(ねん)、月、日、よう日
  • understanding the significance of features of different types of texts, such as opening and closing emails, letters or phone conversations, for example, ～さんへ、～より、もしもし
  • considering how the composition of texts in different languages reflects cultural values, such as the ordering of information on Japanese ID cards or when kanji or Arabic numerals are used in Japanese texts
  • understanding conventions associated with using げんこうようし、for example, the size of small characters, the position in the square and the placing of punctuation

  VCJAU159 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOC137

  Identify topics and key points of factual information in short spoken, written, digital and multimodal texts related to familiar contexts, routines and interests

  Elaborations

  • gathering information about other people’s activities, for example, by surveying peers about weekend or daily activities, for example, 주말에 뭐 해요? 수영해요; 오늘 뭐 해요? 학교에 가요
  • compiling information and reporting it to others, for example, by making a shared class graph showing popular leisure activities
  • listening to short spoken texts with some unfamiliar language, identifying points of information, for example, the name and number on a recorded phone message, the age of a child interviewed
  • obtaining and using factual information from print, digital or multimodal texts related to other learning areas, for example, completing a simple science experiment, naming countries and significant land features, or recording distances using geography skills

  VCKOC137 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCTRC004

  Locate key phrases and points of information in simple texts such as messages, announcements, charts, lists or illustrated reference materials, and use the information to complete guided oral and written tasks

  Elaborations

  • demonstrating comprehension of individual words, phrases and sentences in simple spoken, written and digital texts, for example, by labelling, drawing, miming or onscreen pointing, clicking or dragging
  • locating specific details about places, events or objects featured in picture books, charts or posters, for example, by responding to questions such as, Masaldaki kişiler kimler? Nerede yaşıyorlar? Neyi kutluyorlar? Bu masal bize ne anlatmak istiyor?
  • matching items from picture dictionaries or word lists to vocabulary sets associated with particular categories, such as people, animals or food groups, for example, meyveler, sebzeler, evcil hayvanlar, çiftlik hayvanları, vahşi hayvanlar
  • collecting information from texts such as charts, calendars, posters, timetables or tuckshop menus to create their own resources, such as lists of favourite lessons, colours, animals or food
  • listening to spoken texts such as class and school announcements or recorded phone messages, identifying key words and facts, such as names, places, numbers or times

  VCTRC004 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Informing

• VCTRC010

  Notice how using Turkish and English involves some different ways of communicating and behaving

  Elaborations

  • noticing which language they are more comfortable in and choose to use in particular situations, for example, at home or on the phone with grandparents, at bayram or in the playground
  • identifying language or behaviours that fit well in their Turkish family or community context but not in other contexts or situations, for example, kissing hands of older people and receiving spending money during bayram
  • identifying gestures or body language that are used more often in Turkish than in English, for example, raising the head to indicate ‘no’, tutting to indicate shock or upset, raising the index finger to ask permission to speak in class
  • considering whether they feel different when using Turkish in the classroom to how they feel when using it at home
  • reflecting on their impressions of cultural differences when viewing images, video clips, singing songs, dancing or listening to stories from Turkish-speaking regions, responding to teacher prompts such as Neyi farkettiniz? Neden öyle düşünüyorsun? Farklılıkları ve benzerlikleri nelerdir?

  VCTRC010 | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCVIC126

  Locate and organise information relating to familiar contexts from a range of spoken, written, digital and visual texts

  Elaborations

  • gathering and organising information about others’ activities and interests, for example, surveying peers on weekend or daily activities and tabulating the results
  • listening to short spoken texts with some unfamiliar language, such as a recorded phone message, and identifying key points of information, for example, the name of the person calling, their contact details and the gist of the message
  • collecting and sorting information from a range of texts in multimodal and digital forms about people, objects or animals, for example, constructing a table that sorts animals into those they like and those they don’t like and gives reasons for preferences (Tôi thích con gà vì nó cho mình trứng, thịt và lông. Tôi không thích con rắn vì nó cắn đau)

  VCVIC126 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCVIU185

  Understand the role of pronunciation, pauses, pace, intonation, fluency and appropriate writing conventions in effective communication and apply this knowledge to own interactions

  Elaborations

  • recognising and using rhythm in complex sentences, using pauses and intonation to signal clause boundaries and emphasis, for example, Con thích cái áo mà mẹ tặng cho con hôm sinh nhật vừa rồi
  • recognising the challenges of communication associated with clarity and pace in audio texts in certain situations, for example, station or airport announcements or recorded phone messages
  • recognising that tone of voice can indicate the relationship between the speakers, convey emotion and shape meaning, for example, distinguishing between a compliment and irony in the exclamatory sentence Hôm nay em đến sớm thế!
  • applying knowledge of pronunciation, intonation, tone and pace to own use of spoken Vietnamese for a range of social interactions, for example, asking questions or expressing emotions such as happiness, sadness, surprise or excitement
  • identifying the people and factors that influence their own Vietnamese language use and speech patterns, such as parents, teachers, peers and films

  VCVIU185 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEC123

  Obtain and process information from peers and texts related to personal, social and natural worlds

  Elaborations

  • gathering information about a fellow student or German speaker relating to family, home, interests and abilities, and compiling the information in a modelled format, such as Steckbrief
  • obtaining information about lifestyles in German-speaking countries (homes, schools, climate, pets, geography) from shared and independent reading of simple digital texts
  • collecting information about different animal species (Haustiere, Wildtiere, Waldtiere, australische Tiere), and creating a display with names and appropriate adjectives, for example, Der Löwe ist mutig und stark.
  • identifying points of information in short spoken texts with some unfamiliar language, for example, the name and number on a recorded phone message, the age of a child interviewed, some items on a recorded shopping list
  • comparing information about activities and practices across cultures, for example, reading, viewing or listening to texts related to aspects of school life such as timetables, canteen menus, extracurricular activities and sports
  • working in groups to obtain and use factual information from texts related to other learning areas, for example, completing a simple science experiment, naming countries and significant land features, or recording distances using geography skills

  VCDEC123 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCDEU182

  Explore the features of spoken and written language, and apply variations in relation to features such as stress, pronunciation and contractions

  Elaborations

  • recognising ways in which written language is different to spoken language, such as being more crafted, precise, elaborated and complex, for example, the use of interrelated clauses and support detail
  • recognising the interactive, fluid and less permanent nature of spoken language, identifying features such as interactivity, and the use of repetition, pauses, interruptions, contractions, incomplete sentences and reliance on non-verbal elements and vocal expression
  • recognising and responding to challenges associated with clarity and pace in audio texts, such as railway station or airport announcements or recorded phone messages, and variations or differences in pronunciation to ensure clarity, for example, zwei/zwo; Juli (pronounced as Julei)
  • recognising and reproducing rhythms in complex sentences, using pausing and intonation to signal clause boundaries and emphasis
  • analysing and comparing the use of contractions in English and in German, for example, Ich hab keine Lust or Mach’s gut!

  VCDEU182 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCFRU084

  Increase control of regular and irregular elements of spoken and written French, using elements such as liaisons, accents and expression

  Elaborations

  • recognising ways in which written language is different to spoken language, such as being more crafted, precise, elaborated and complex, (for example, the use of interrelated clauses and support detail (Le Pays de Galles a remporté, samedi, le Tournoi des VI Nations en corrigeant l’Angleterre, pourtant favourite, sur le score de 30 à 3 au Millennium Stadium de Cardiff)
  • recognising the impermanent and fluid nature of spoken language, identifying features such as interactivity, and the use of repetition, pauses, interruptions and contractions, (for example, the dropping of ne in negative structures (je sais pas trop), incomplete sentences and reliance on non-verbal elements and vocal expression (Dis donc, t’es là? Je suis déjà là — t’es où toi?)
  • recognising and responding to challenges associated with clarity and pace in audio texts, (for example, station or airport announcements or recorded phone messages)

  VCFRU084 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCHIC094

  Access and identify specific points of information such as details about people, places or events from a range of spoken, written and digital texts and use the information in new ways

  Elaborations

  • collecting information from print and digital sources on social or environmentally related events, recording key facts and associated vocabulary for use in their own projects, for example, प्रदूषण एवं पर्यावरण; स्वच्छ भारत; गंगा नदी की सफ़ाई; स्वच्छ ऑस्ट्रेलिया दिवस
  • collecting information via surveys or face-to-face conversations with friends and family members on questions related to social behaviours or trends, such as preferred modes of communication, for example, फ़ोन; ईमेल; आमने सामने बातचीत; टेक्स्टिंग, compiling a summary of findings in table or graph form
  • listening to recordings of phone conversations, announcements or radio interviews, transcribing key facts or details such as dates, times, events or locations in note form or through checklists or timelines
  • accessing information from videos, books and websites produced in different cultural contexts on topics such as family life, community living, housing or schooling, summarising and reporting back on key trends and cultural factors
  • collecting facts, figures and vocabulary from resources such as posters, websites and brochures, and using them to draft a position for an in-class discussion of a topic such as healthy lifestyles, benefits of travel or animal protection
  • presenting an oral summary of an action or event reported in the media, using appropriate register, language features and non-verbal language to capture key elements and engage audience interest

  VCHIC094 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCHIC076

  Research, interpret and evaluate information presented from different perspectives in relation to youth-related interests, identifying how culture and context affect how information is presented

  Elaborations

  • identifying different perspectives on selected social issues featured on television, radio or online forums, using the material as stimulus for debates or presentations, for example, जनसँख्या; भेदभाव; बेरोज़गारी, वैश्वीकरण, मानव अधिकार
  • comparing information published in different media on topical issues or well-known personalities in order to demonstrate the relationship between texts and cultural contexts, for example, by analysing language used in commentaries on क्रिकेट or reflections on Bhagat Singh, Subhash Chandra Bose, Rabindranath Tagore
  • conducting face-to-face or online interviews or surveys with peers, family or community members to compare experiences such as migration to Australia, living ‘across’ cultures or relationships with technology
  • critically analysing texts such as blogs, letters or newspaper announcements, distinguishing between facts and opinions, and identifying author intent, for example, by reading and discussing letters by Jawahar Lal Nehru, पिता के पत्र पुत्री के नाम
  • comparing representations in texts such as advertisements for mobile phones, beauty products or fast food in Hindi and English, considering why particular language or images have been selected
  • listening to interviews with celebrities from fields such as entertainment, sport or politics, identifying expressions or cultural references that convey a sense of culture or context

  VCHIC076 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Informing

• VCHIU084

  Recognise regular and variable elements of spoken Hindi, such as social and regional variations in the pronunciation of diphthongs, or inconsistencies between Hindi pronunciation and spelling and variations from Sanskrit and Perso-Arabic conventions

  Elaborations

  • increasing control of regular and irregular elements of spoken and written Hindi, such as the influence of accents and expression on pronunciation and spelling, for example, the use of वो in spoken Hindi in place of वह in written Hindi
  • recognising ways in which genres of written literary Hindi may differ from everyday speech registers, for example, the use of Sanskrit words in official Hindi, with terms like विनिर्माण क्षेत्र for the manufacturing sector, demonstrating understanding of how such terms are written and spoken
  • understanding that the appreciation of film song lyrics and verse forms can be enhanced by understanding how compound words are formed in Arabic and Persian and used in Hindi, for example, in the film title मुग़ल- ए- आज़म
  • recognising the impermanent and fluid nature of spoken language and how it is influenced by local customs, cultures and regional languages, for example, the addition of honorifics such as sister, ताई, to women’s names by Marathi speakers and देवी to married women’s names by Biharis
  • identifying features of spoken language, such as the use of repetition, pauses, interruptions, incomplete sentences and non-verbal expression, which are not represented in written Hindi but are important elements of ‘live’ interactions
  • recognising and responding to challenges associated with clarity and pace in audio texts such as airport announcements or recorded phone messages

  VCHIU084 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCHIU104

  Identify textual and grammatical features that characterise different types of literary, instructional, persuasive or imaginative texts in Hindi, comparing them with similar texts in English and other languages

  Elaborations

  • recognising characteristic features of different text genres, such as headings, footnotes and reference lists in textbooks, rhetorical questions and persuasive language in advertisements, abbreviations and emoticons in emails and text messages, an opening orientation statement at the beginning of a narrative, such as जब वे केवल चौदह वर्ष के थे, उनकी पिता की मृत्यु हो गयी ।
  • comparing Hindi- and English-language versions of text types such as phone conversations, business letters or sports reports, considering whether differences in style or structure reflect differences in cultural values or practices
  • recognising rules of structure and composition in Hindi poetry, for example, by identifying patterns of rhythm, rhyme, repetition and meter in poems by सुभद्रा कुमारी चौहान or जयशंकर प्रसाद
  • developing metalanguage to talk about texts, for example, by identifying the purpose, features and typical structure of text genres, for example, निबन्ध में तीन भाग होते हैं- भूमिका, विषय-वस्तु और उपसंहार
  • recognising differences between the layout and language features of different types of texts and formats, such as चित्र-कथाएँ और लोक-कथाएँ
  • recognising the role played by different textual elements, for example, the layout, title, illustration and use of punctuation in a picture book or the use of repetition and rhyme in poems and chants
  • comparing the use of imagery or satire in a range of imaginative texts, discussing how these elements convey meaning and engage/entertain the audience

  VCHIU104 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCIDC087

  Make plans and obtain goods or services in real or simulated situations, through corresponding and transacting with others using modelled texts

  Elaborations

  • participating in scenarios such as being lost and asking for and giving directions (for example, Dari sini jalan ke timur sampai perempatan) or assistance, for example, Permisi Pak, boleh saya bertanya di mana…
  • negotiating and making decisions about goods and services such as transport, ordering goods such as food and drink (for example, Mau beli bakso? Mau menonton film atau bermain sepak bola nanti sore?), or purchasing goods, for example, bisa kurang, Wah! terlalu mahal, saya rugi
  • giving, accepting or declining invitations (for example, mau ikut; sayang saya tidak bisa, maaf, ya), including making excuses to avoid causing offence or embarassment, for example, maaf, saya harus ke rumah nenek pada hari Sabtu, lain kali saja
  • exchanging details such as time, place, activity and participants when organising events, using texts such as phone conversations, emails, text messages, notes and letters, for example, mau berbelanja di mal dengan saya?

  VCIDC087 | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCITC101

  Convey factual information and ideas through a range of spoken, written and multimodal texts, using information from a range of sources

  Elaborations

  • describing a person, place, object or event in their local environment using [article + subject + verb + adjective], including negative expressions, for example, è/non è simpatico/cattivo; di legno/di ceramica; è interessante/difficile
  • comparing aspects of daily life across cultures, for example, fare la passeggiata, eating habits, school life and routines and presenting results in class in oral presentations or written descriptive texts
  • surveying classmates on their daily routines, such as mobile phone/internet use, text messaging habits, television viewing or hours of sport played and presenting the data in various forms, for example, (cinque persone non hanno un cellulare; tanti/pochi … la maggior parte …; il 15 per cento; due su venti…)
  • collecting, collating and presenting data in Italian using online survey software

  VCITC101 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCITU110

  Understand the features of common spoken, written and multimodal texts

  Elaborations

  • understanding and using cohesive devices such as conjunctions (for example, e, ma, perché, anche, o, invece) to help sequence ideas and to link ideas and actions
  • listening to or reading simple Italian texts and recognising the conventions of particular text types, for example, postcard, letter, email, card, blog and conversations (face to face and phone)
  • analysing simple spoken, written and digital texts to identify different kinds of language use (such as personal, descriptive or informative) and ways to achieve textual cohesion, for example, use of fillers in spoken texts (insomma, beh, boh, allora)
  • talking about language features and word order using relevant metalanguage such as ‘verbs’, ‘adjectives’, ‘nouns’ and ‘pronouns’ (for example, know if this non/adjective singolare o plurale? Perché?), and comparing grammatical features in Italian and English

  VCITU110 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCJAU015

  Identify textual conventions of familiar spoken, written and multimodal types of texts

  Elaborations

  • recognising structures and key features of familiar types of texts such as めいし、 emails, conversations, speeches, advertisements, stories and songs, identifying formulaic expressions and comparing with similar texts in English, for example, by comparing ways of answering the phone or starting and ending a letter
  • identifying how certain types of texts are typically constructed, for example, the use of particular layouts, visual images and grammatical features in advertisements, manga or brochures
  • understanding that the format of Japanese texts can include either たてがき or よこがき、 according to the context, purpose and intended audience
  • understanding how to create textual cohesion, using elements such as paragraphing or conjunctions to sequence and link ideas and to maintain the flow of expression, for example, そして、それから、 でも
  • understanding conventions associated with using げんこうようし、 for example, the size of small characters, the position in the square and the placing of punctuation

  VCJAU015 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCJAU033

  Use a range of textual conventions in spoken, written and multimodal texts, and understand how different scripts are used to convey meaning or effects

  Elaborations

  • applying their understanding of the function of cohesive devices such as conjunctions to sequence and link ideas and actions, for example, verb て form, だから、 しかし、 それに、 けれども
  • applying understanding of the textual features of different text types to construct simple narratives, messages, slogans or song lyrics, noticing how the choice of language and text structure works to achieve each text’s purpose
  • comparing language features of Japanese and English versions of familiar texts such as weather reports, phone conversations or text messages, for example, the use of abbreviations and emoticons, noting differences that appear to be culturally significant
  • using appropriate textual conventions to shape simple texts such as letters or menus, for example, introductions, linked paragraphs, summaries and sequencing strategies
  • analysing the function of different scripts in different types of texts, identifying examples of kanji used for nouns and verbs, katakana for borrowed words and hiragana for grammatical purposes

  VCJAU033 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOC021

  Contribute to collaborative planning, decision-making, problem-solving and transactions, providing ideas or suggestions and considering options

  Elaborations

  • participating in planning and decision-making with others, such as arranging a class excursion or a birthday party, for example, 소라의 생일 파티에서 무엇을 할까요? 춤도 추고 노래도 불러요. 한국 노래를 할 줄 알아요? 네, 아리랑을 할 줄 알아요. 그러면 한 번 해 보세요
  • making transactions in either authentic or simulated situations such as shopping in a Korean shop, purchasing goods such as fashion items, food or a mobile phone and checking the receipt to confirm the price and information relating to the purchase, for example, 이 모자가얼마예요? 모자가 예쁘지만 너무 작아요. 더 큰 모자를 보여 주세요. 써 보세요, 영수증 좀 보여 주세요
  • planning collaboratively for an event by participating in scenarios related to travelling or living in Korea, for example, living with a host family, seeking medical treatment, or using transport, for example, 지하철을 타면 빨리 갈수 있어요; 맛이 어때요? 김치가 매워요. 하지만 맛있어요; 머리와 목이 아파요
  • applying for services or opportunities such as student exchange programs, scholarships or fundraising, explaining reasons for the application, for example, 일 년 후에 한국으로 여행 갈거예요. 그래서 한국어를 열심히 공부해요 …

  VCKOC021 | Languages | Korean | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCTRC089

  Identify key points of information such as details about people, places or events in a range of spoken, written and digital texts and use the information in new ways

  Elaborations

  • reading/viewing texts such as promotional materials, websites and maps to compile information about geographical features, lifestyles and cultural practices in Turkey or other Turkish-speaking countries, using the information to create a shared database to support their own projects
  • gathering information about people or events recently featured in media reports and using this information to create timelines, digital profiles, diary entries or schedules that re-present key points of interest
  • listening for key facts in short spoken or recorded texts, such as phone messages, announcements or TV advertisements, and transposing them to note form in order to communicate to others
  • identifying points of information in media texts such as sports commentaries, weather reports or newsflash items, using them to create messages or announcements to other people, for example, notifying the cancellation of an event due to a bad weather forecast or summarising sports results
  • classifying and summarising data collected via class surveys on issues such as study options, music preferences or favourite foods, presenting findings in table or graph form
  • compiling details of their family biographies through talking with family members, presenting key elements in oral or digital presentation modes
  • compiling facts, statistics and commentaries from sources such as websites, documentaries, travel brochures and magazine articles on famous sites, such as Kapadokya, Pamukkale, Kapalıçarşı, Ayasofya, Galata Kulesi

  VCTRC089 | Languages | Turkish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing