Search results

Result list

• VCASFU144

  Notice that people use language in ways that reflect their culture, such as where and how they live, who they live with and what is important to them

  Elaborations

  • recognising that people from different places and backgrounds may use different languages and have ways of living and communicating that differ from their own
  • appreciating that culture and cultural difference means that people may value different things or live differently, noticing observable examples of such difference, such as ways of greeting (bowing versus shaking hands) or conveying information (through words versus signs)
  • exploring how learning Auslan involves entering into a visual world or culture, for example by exploring different connections with physical space, such as being able to communicate through windows, or from a distance
  • exploring how deaf people live in ways that may be different from how hearing people live, for example by responding to stimulus questions such as How do deaf people ensure they can always see other people who are signing? How do deaf people watch movies or television programs?
  • recognising the importance of facial expression, eye gaze and NMFs in conveying information in a visual-gestural language and culture
  • recognising the importance of community and culture in relation to their own lives and communities and in relation to other language groups and their communities

  VCASFU144 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCASFU231

  Recognise similarities and differences in language features of different types of texts and in Auslan and English texts of a similar type, and notice how texts build cohesion

  Elaborations

  • recognising that texts are made up of one or more clauses, which have one or more signs in them, which together make meaning
  • comparing a short text in Auslan with an equivalent type of English text (for example, a recount in both languages) and noticing similarities and differences in structure and language features
  • examining different examples of an Auslan text on the same topic, or telling the same story, and identifying different choices signers made in the production of the text, for example the amount of fingerspelling or CA they used
  • analysing linguistic structures and features associated with more dynamic texts, such as back-channels and hesitations used in casual conversations
  • identifying examples of signers pointing to an established location to refer to a non-present referent
  • identifying how signers use space to make clear the actor or undergoer of a verb through a text, for example by pointing back to an established location to refer to a noun referent
  • identifying the many ways signers can refer to the same referent in a text, for example by using DSs, points or list buoys, and how such strategies help maintain interest and support understanding

  VCASFU231 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU018

  Understand that people use language in ways that reflect their culture, such as where and how they live, who they live with and what is important to them

  Elaborations

  • recognising that people from different places and backgrounds may use different languages and have ways of living and communicating that differ from their own
  • appreciating that culture and cultural difference means that people may value different things or live differently, and noticing observable examples of such difference, such as ways of greeting (bowing versus shaking hands) or conveying information (through words versus signs)
  • exploring how hearing people live in ways that may be different from how deaf people live, for example by responding to stimuli such as: Compare how deaf and hearing people know someone is at the front door. or How do deaf and hearing people wake up in the morning?
  • recognising the importance of facial expression, eye gaze and non-manual features in conveying information in a visual-gestural language and culture
  • recognising the importance of language, community and culture in relation to their own lives and in relation to other language groups and their communities
  • considering how some spaces make deaf people feel comfortable, for example, contexts where distance between signers allows for easy visual access

  VCASFU018 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCASFU180

  Reflect on how communities’ ways of using languages are shaped by, reflect and strengthen cultural values and beliefs and how these may be differently interpreted by users of other languages

  Elaborations

  • explaining the role of Auslan and Deaf culture in maintaining, reflecting and strengthening the Deaf community and its networks and significant places
  • understanding that knowledge about past and present Deaf people and cultural experience and values is embodied in and transmitted through Auslan, for example ways of producing the sign for SIGN reflect cultural values placed on fluency
  • identifying the cultural importance of elements of communication such as the use of signing space and proxemics by Auslan users, particularly in relation to a person passing between two signers, or to the positioning of communication partners
  • identifying cultural differences in the use of personal names in Auslan and their own background language, such as the fact that Auslan signers do not use a person’s name sign when addressing them directly as do users of many spoken languages
  • recognising that different types of expressive and imaginative performance in Auslan carry cultural as well as linguistic information, for example, a film or theatrical performance that represents typical miscommunication experiences between deaf and hearing people
  • reflecting on the ways culture is interpreted by others, for example by identifying how stereotypes about deaf and hearing people influence perceptions
  • understanding that ‘sound’ is accessed differently in Deaf culture, that the meaning and importance of sound in deaf people’s lives is not the same as in hearing people’s experience

  VCASFU180 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCASFU230

  Recognise and use elements of clause structure, such as noun groups/phrases or verb groups/phrases and using conjunctions to join clauses

  Elaborations

  • categorising noun signs into those for people, animals, places or things
  • learning that proper nouns can have a sign name or be fingerspelled
  • recognising different nouns in clauses, including those that are shown with a pointing sign, such as GIRL READ versus PRO3 READ, or VISIT FRIEND versus VISIT PRO3
  • knowing that adjectives describe nouns in different ways, such as how they look (BIG or RED), feel (SOFT or HOT), smell (SMELLY) or sound (LOUD)
  • recognising that a noun group is a group of signs that relate to a person, place or thing that can include elements such as adjectives or numbers
  • recognising that expanding a noun into a noun group enriches meaning
  • identifying verb signs (SIT, EAT, FEEL, WONDER, HAVE) and recognising that they are central to a clause
  • noticing there is no verb ‘to be’ in Auslan, which is a significant difference to English
  • exploring different semantic types of verbs in a text, for example by showing how:
    • doing (WALK, WRITE) and saying (TELL, CALL-OUT, ANNOUNCE) verbs in narrative texts give information about a characters’ actions
    • sensing (SEE, THINK) or possessing (THAT’S-TYPICAL-OF-THEM, OWN) verbs indicate what characters think, feel or own
  • relating verbs identify or describe a noun (for example, HAVE in PRO3 HAVE LONG-HAIR)
  • noticing that some signs modify the meaning of verbs, such as READ CAREFUL and that these are called adverbs
  • contributing examples of signs that tell:
    • when a verb happens (IN-2-WEEKS PRO1 HOLIDAY or WANT LUNCH NOW)
    • where a verb happens (PRO3 RUN FAR or COME HERE)
    • how a verb happens (FAST or SLOW or PRO2 QUICK FINISH)
  • noticing that sometimes Auslan signers have information about how a verb happens through NMFs not separate signs (for example, WRITE-_carelessly)
  • recognising that a verb group is a group of words built up around a verb that may include adverbs which modify the meaning of verbs and that adverbs and DSs can enrich a verb group
  • understanding that a clause is one or more signs expressing a single idea and that a clause has at least one verb, but often one or more nouns as well, for example:
    CALL-_him
    I called him.
    MAN THERE GO-TO POSS3 HOUSE
    That man went to his house.
    BIG MONSTER SCREAM
    A big monster screamed.
    
  • noticing that while word order in sentences is often important for meaning, there is flexibility in word order in Auslan and that because parts of a sentence can be signed simultaneously in Auslan, it is hard to establish word order
  • distinguishing between yes/no questions, wh- questions and statements and their corresponding NMFs

  VCASFU230 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEC129

  Notice and describe what looks or feels similar or different to own language and culture when interacting in German

  Elaborations

  • recognising that there are similarities and differences between German and English ways of showing politeness, for example, the use of family names after Frau and Herr, responding to danke schön with bitte schön, shaking hands
  • noticing how own language use influences expectations about German language use, for example, wanting to use one word for ‘you’, and not expecting to capitalise all nouns
  • considering how aspects of own language might be understood from a German perspective, for example, culture-specific expressions such as ‘school assembly’, ‘kick a footy’, or eating ’brekky’
  • noticing that there are alternative ideas and ways of interacting to those offered by one’s own language and culture
  • exploring how language is linked to a place, time and people, and what they do together, for example, by examining the meanings and associations they make with words and expressions such as zu Hause, Pausenbrot and Spielplatz

  VCDEC129 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDEC008

  Translate and interpret texts such as greetings, signs, emails and conversations, from German to English and vice versa, noticing similarities and differences

  Elaborations

  • translating short personal texts, identifying words and phrases that can be translated literally and those that cannot, for example, Guten Appetit! Guten Tag! Ohrwurm
  • using German–English cognates to predict meaning, for example, Brot/‘bread’, kalt/‘cold’, trinken/‘to drink’
  • recognising compound words, and collecting and analysing interesting examples (der Schulsport, die Realschule, babyleicht), noting that compound nouns take the gender of the last noun in the compound
  • translating public signs from German to English and vice versa, noticing similarities and differences
  • interpreting for and explaining to peers and family members aspects of German language and culture (in texts such as emails and conversations) that are interesting and/or different, for example, that when addressing teachers in German you use family names after the titles Frau and Herr, unlike the English use of just ‘Miss’ or ‘Sir’

  VCDEC008 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCDEU030

  Extend grammatical knowledge, including of cases, demonstrative and interrogative adjectives, prepositions, common subordinating conjunctions, and past and future tenses, to describe, situate and link people, objects and events in time and place

  Elaborations

  • specifying a person, object or place using knowledge of the German case system (nominative, accusative and dative), and using definite and indefinite articles, personal pronouns (including man), and possessive, demonstrative and interrogative adjectives such as ihr, sein, unser, dieser, jeder and welcher
  • noticing use of the genitive case mainly in written texts, for example, Deutschlands Schulen, die Rolle der Frau, der Gebrauch des Genitivs
  • understanding the relationship between gender, article and case and the adjectival ending when describing people, objects, places and events, for example, Mein Freund hat lange, schwarze Haare und trägt einen kleinen Ohrring.; Es gibt kein groβes Einkaufszentrum in dieser Stadt.
  • selecting the correct personal pronoun for ‘it’ (er/sie/es; ihn) for objects, for example, Woher hast du den Hut? Er ist sehr schön. Ich habe ihn bei … gekauft.
  • comparing the meanings and use of the German modal verbs with their English equivalents, for example, Wir müssen eine Schuluniform tragen. Man darf hier nicht essen. Du musst das nicht essen.
  • describing current, recurring and future actions using regular, irregular, modal, separable and inseparable verbs, for example, Er sieht viel fern.; Ich muss meine Hausaufgaben machen.; Morgen ist unser letzter Schultag. Wir werden nächstes Jahr in der 11. Klasse sein.
  • describing past events and experiences in the present perfect and/or simple past tense using a limited range of common verbs, for example, Ich bin gestern Skateboard gefahren.; Als Kind trank ich gern Milch.
  • using reflexive verbs in present tense with their appropriate reflexive pronouns to describe daily routines and express emotions and interests, for example, Ich dusche mich morgens.; Interessierst du dich für Geschichte?; Wir freuen uns auf die Ferien.; Erinnerst du dich an … ?
  • noticing that some verbs can be combined with a separable or inseparable prefix which alters the meaning, for example, Er kommt um 17.15 Uhr.; Kommst du mit?; Ich bekomme manchmal Geld zum Geburtstag.
  • understanding and giving instructions, applying the different forms for single/plural addressees and informal/formal register, for example, Mach dein Buch zu, Angela! Freunde, helft mir! Hilf mir! Machen Sie das Fenster bitte zu, Frau Berger!
  • linking and sequencing events and ideas using a range of cohesive devices, including adverbs (dann, früher, danach, vorher) and common subordinating conjunctions (als, dass, obwohl, wenn, weil), usually with the subordinate clause after the main clause
  • expressing opinions using, for example, meiner Meinung nach; Ich glaube, dass ... ; Wir sind dagegen/dafür, denn ...
  • asking and answering questions using a range of interrogatives, including warum to elicit reasons and wozu to clarify purpose
  • understanding and applying the ‘verb as second element’ and ‘subject-time-object-manner-place’ (STOMP) word order rules for main clauses and realising that German word order is flexible, allowing other elements apart from the subject to begin the sentence, for example, Langsam verstehe ich mehr Deutsch.; In der Schule gibt es viele Umweltaktionen.
  • understanding and using dative and accusative prepositions with their core meanings, for example, Ich komme aus Australien.; Das Eis ist für mich.; Der Junge geht zum Bahnhof.
  • understanding the meaning of and using ‘two-way‘ prepositions (Wechselpräpositionen), for example, Wir gehen ins Kino.; Sie wohnen in der Schweiz.
  • making comparisons using a range of structures, for example, Ich esse lieber Salat als Fleisch. Welches Auto ist am sichersten?; Kaffee ist nicht so gesund wie Wasser. using appropriate units of measurement, for example, for height/length, area, time and velocity (Meter, Kilometer; Quadratmeter, Quadratkilometer; Jahrzehnt, Jahrhundert, Jahrtausend; Stundenkilometer)
  • extending metalanguage to communicate in German and English about case, word order, verb tenses and moods (for example, Dativ, Wechselpräpositionen, das Imperfekt, der Imperativ, Hilfsverben, trennbare Verben)

  VCDEU030 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCDEU136

  Make connections between culture and language use, for example, by identifying vocabulary and expressions that reflect cultural values, traditions or practices

  Elaborations

  • comparing terms across German-speaking cultures, for example, Liebchen/Liebling, mein Schatz, Spitznamen
  • recognising that language carries cultural ideas, for example, Sommerbeginn, which is officially 1 December in Australia but 21/22 June in Europe; hitzefrei (‘heat-free’), referring to the practice of dismissing students early from school if a certain temperature is reached or forecast; or Wald, the setting in many German fairy tales
  • recognising character traits and values, such as those of animal characters in German stories, for example, the wolf in Rotkäppchen, and comparing them with familiar Australian stories
  • learning how to communicate about culture and language using terms such as ‘meaning’, ‘difference’ and ‘behaviour’
  • discussing parallel expressions such as ‘G’day’/Tag, ‘morning tea’/Kaffeepause and ‘Bless you’/Gesundheit

  VCDEU136 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCDEU017

  Understand that language use is shaped by and reflects the values, ideas and norms of a community

  Elaborations

  • investigating connections between language and significant cultural values or practices in Australia and German-speaking countries, for example, individual rights, shared social responsibility, respect for the environment, Reconciliation, anti-racism, ‘fair go’
  • developing language to analyse and explain the nature of the relationship between language and culture, using terms such as ‘meaning’, ‘perspective’, ‘values’, ‘assumptions’ and ‘difference’
  • examining examples of cultural representation in language, symbols and behaviour, such as die Märchenstraβe, (lack of) speed limits on the Autobahn, national flags, and the ‘visibility’ of the European Union through placement of its logo (for example, on car numberplates)
  • recognising that there are different and/or multiple expressions that communicate ideas across cultures, for example, when describing Brot or school excursions (Klassenfahrt, Wandertag)
  • exploring how origin, geography and religion are directly connected to lifestyle, daily practices and language use, for example, Recycling, Kaffee und Kuchen, Wandern, religious/public holidays, choice of Fremdsprachen offered in schools
  • participating in guided discussion on the nature and role of ‘culture’ and its relationship with language, with reference to German, English and other known languages

  VCDEU017 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCDEU034

  Explore the dynamic nature of the relationship between language, culture and communication and how it impacts on attitudes and beliefs

  Elaborations

  • establishing a deeper understanding of diversity, and reflecting on what own experience of linguistic and cultural diversity means for them
  • sharing ideas about how culture ‘works’ as a combination of beliefs, values and practices, and examining own personal and community cultural frames of reference and how and why these change over time
  • reflecting, through personal journals and group discussions, on how learning German has impacted on own assumptions about German language, culture or identity
  • considering how the experience of learning a new language has impacted on their awareness of their own communicative and cultural behaviours and of how these may be interpreted by others
  • analysing how language use and culture reflect and construct relationships, practices and attitudes, including expressions and concepts in German related to education, social equality, national identity and commitment to world peace, for example, Fremdsprache, Ausbildung/Erziehung; Nationalismus/Heimat; those related to Ausländer in German-speaking countries and those within Germany, such as Nord–Süd/Ost–West (Ossi/Wessi) identity

  VCDEU034 | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCELC120

  Interact with peers and teacher to exchange personal information about everyday routines involving school and home environment

  Elaborations

  • asking and answering questions to exchange information about self and family, for example, Πού είναι ο κύριος Παναγιώτης; Να τος. Πού είναι η μαμά σου;
  • asking for and sharing information about daily and classroom routines, for example, Πού είναι το μολύβι; Εδώ. Τι μέρα είναι σήμερα; Σήμερα είναι Δευτέρα. Τι μήνας είναι; Είναι Μάρτιος, Τι ημερομηνία έχουμε σήμερα; Έχουμε 18 Μαρτίου, Ποια εποχή έχουμε; Έχουμε καλοκαίρι, Τι καιρό κάνει σήμερα; Κάνει κρύο. Bρέχει. Δε βρέχει. Ούτε κρύο, ούτε ζέστη.
  • using common responses and appropriate body language in response to frequently asked comments or questions, for example, ναι, μ’αρέσει, δε μ’αρέσει, understanding that lifting the head means ‘no’ and is used only in informal situations
  • exchanging simple correspondence such as notes, invitations or messages in print or digital form

  VCELC120 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCELC162

  Create bilingual texts in Greek and English, such as menus, posters or brochures on the same theme or event

  Elaborations

  • working individually and collaboratively to create bilingual resources for the home and school environments, such as glossaries, signage, recipes and menus, for example, Το μενού της ημέρας
  • creating English subtitles, footnotes, captions or commentaries for texts such as brochures, video clips, or advertisements that inform the school community about aspects of Greek culture, for example, attending a festival, Ελάτε με την παρέα σας, dining at a Greek restaurant, μεζέδες, ορεκτικά, επιδόρπιο
  • creating glossaries, tourist brochures or itineraries for English-speaking travellers to Greece or Cyprus including and explaining key words, phrases and protocol, for example, Πρόγραμμα εκδρομής, δίκλινα/τρίκλινα δωμάτια, ξεναγός, the meaning of πρωινό, μεσημεριανό φαγητό, βραδινό φαγητό in terms of meeting time
  • creating vocabulary lists and annotated cultural explanations for Greek-speaking visitors to events such as Australian sports days or family events, explaining culturally specific elements, for example, Australian Rules football final, Anzac Day, Harmony Day, barbeque

  VCELC162 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Translating

• VCELU016

  Understand that Greek is a language that has influenced many global languages and continues to influence and change through interaction with other languages and cultures

  Elaborations

  • understanding that Greek is an official language of Greece, Cyprus and the European Union and is also spoken in Greek-speaking communities in the Greek Diaspora
  • exploring and discussing the influence of the Greek language on English, identifying examples of Greek words and morphemes used in English, such as prefixes, suffixes and base words, using strategies to work out meanings of unknown words, and considering why word borrowing occurs across languages, for example, anti-, astro-, auto-, bio-, cosmos, deca-, demo-, geo-, glossary, -gram-, -graph-, hyper-, hypo-, -ic, -ism, -itis, kilo-, -logue, mega-, -meter-, micro-, mono-, -morph-, neo-, octo-, -ology, pent-, peri, -phil-, -phobia, photo-, -poly-, psych-, -scope, tech-, tele-, -therm-, tri-
  • recognising loan words from English that are used in Greek, such as πάρτι, and other words used in Greek that have been borrowed from other languages such as μπλε, γκρι, ροζ, παλτό, ραντεβού, λέντι, κέφι, and discussing why these words have been borrowed

  VCELU016 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCELU131

  Experiment with the pronunciation and writing of the alphabet letters, recognising sound–letter relationships, letter clusters and vowel–consonant combinations, using the accent mark to aid pronunciation

  Elaborations

  • identifying and pronouncing the sounds of the Greek alphabet as well as the most common digraphs and letter blends, for example, ου, αι, ει, οι (double vowels), μπ, ντ, γγ, γκ, τσ, τζ (double consonants), αυ, ευ (vowel combinations)
  • practising letter clusters,for example, στρ, μπρ, in common words or in names, Στράτος, μπράτσο
  • beginning to recognise high-frequency words such as η, ο, το, μου, έχω, είμαι, είναι, θέλω, να
  • comparing markings on words in different languages, for example, αλάτι (Greek), français, (French), váza (Czech), Grüße (German), niña (Spanish) and observing that the markings have different purposes
  • using the accent mark appropriately in Greek when writing, for pronunciation as well as meaning
  • applying appropriate punctuation marks such as full stop, comma (in lists), exclamation mark and question mark
  • using different strategies to remember new sounds, for example, mnemonics

  VCELU131 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCESC166

  Analyse and summarise key ideas and information from a variety of texts on a range of topics

  Elaborations

  • engaging with texts such as magazine articles, interviews and websites to gather and represent facts about events or people, for example, using a timeline to sequence historical events or creating a profile of a famous Spanish-speaking person
  • using a range of tools such as charts, tables, mind maps and graphs to organise and present information accessed from sources such as television programs, reports, interviews, video clips, documentaries and social networks on topics of relevance to their age group, for example, El trabajo infantil no debe continuar. La importancia del reciclaje para el medio ambiente
  • summarising key points in different types of informative texts, deducing the meaning of unknown words and expressions, and noticing and explaining cultural references
  • researching young people’s lifestyles across Spanish-speaking cultures and contexts, comparing information from different cultural contexts to identify factors such as geography, climate, and social and community environment
  • comparing details from a range of texts on topics such as education or cultural occasions and ceremonies across the Spanish-speaking world, identifying culture-specific terms and representations, for example, año 8 or primero de básico

  VCESC166 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCESC137

  Explore own sense of identity, for example, by discussing membership of groups such as a club, a country or a language-speaking community, and how these elements of identity are reflected in language use

  Elaborations

  • talking about their own identity and language use and creating captioned representations of their membership of clubs or groups (Voy al club de los scouts, Mi equipo es el mejor), their country (nuestro país) or language-speaking community (en mi idioma…)
  • reflecting on their experience of learning and using Spanish, considering prompt questions such as: Does this feel unfamiliar? What does this mean to me? How is this different to my usual experience?
  • creating a self-profile, using captioned photos, slide presentations, online internal school Vokis or concept maps to highlight key characteristics, relationships and ways of using language, for example, Tengo nueve años; Vivo en Sídney. Estudio chino los sábados
  • using simple words and expressions selected from word banks and modelled statements to create personal profiles that highlight key characteristics and features of identity, for example, soy chino/a y australiano/a, Hablo chino, inglés y un poco de español. Soy muy valiente

  VCESC137 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCESC112

  Locate specific words and expressions in simple print, spoken and digital texts such as charts, lists, songs, rhymes and stories, and use information to complete guided spoken and written tasks

  Elaborations

  • listening for key words in stories, rhymes or songs, using intonation and visual cues such as gestures and facial expressions to assist understanding
  • recognising symbols, words and phrases in written Spanish such as titles, labels and captions
  • participating in shared reading of print and digital texts such as Big Book stories about familiar events or contexts (Los tres cerditos, Tico tango), using pictures, intonation and contextual clues to predict meaning and identify key information
  • demonstrating comprehension of individual words and phrases in simple spoken, written and digital texts by actions such as labelling, drawing, miming or onscreen pointing, clicking or dragging
  • responding to questions about participants and objects that elicit details such as size, colour, quantity or place, for example, ¿De qué color es la casa…? La casa es azul. ¿Dónde está el gato? El gato está en Lima. ¿Cuántos cerdos hay? ¿Tico es grande o pequeño?

  VCESC112 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Informing

• VCESU030

  Recognise and apply rules of Spanish pronunciation, stress and intonation, demonstrating awareness of differences in accent and pronunciation across the Spanish-speaking world, and use appropriate writing conventions

  Elaborations

  • recognising the importance of appropriate stress, pronunciation and spelling for meaning-making, for example, estudio versus estudió
  • understanding variation in pronunciation across the Spanish-speaking world, for example, the pronunciation of ce and ci in different regions (ceceo or seseo) for example in the words gracias, Cecilia, and the soft sh pronunciation of the letters ll and y in Argentine Spanish (calle/cashe)
  • adapting the tone, intonation and rhythm of language to their own expressive needs and to the nature of the interaction, for example, calming a child or attracting attention
  • using the Spanish alphabet to spell out names or expressions, noticing similarities and differences to English and using correct terminology for accents and marks (tilde, acento, diéresis)
  • listening to and reciting texts such as poems, stories or song lyrics to familiarise themselves with the rhythm and musicality of the language, for example, Proverbios y cantares de Antonio Machado, Guantanamera de José Martí

  VCESU030 | Languages | Spanish | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCESU156

  Attend to the pronunciation of sounds and intonation patterns used in social interactions and apply writing conventions such as question and exclamation marks

  Elaborations

  • recognising how pitch, stress and rhythm assist meaning when individual words are unfamiliar, for example, ¡Qué miedo! ¡Rápido! ¡Vamos!
  • recognising the Spanish pronunciation of English loan words (bistec, jonrón, fútbol) and applying this awareness to unfamiliar loan words
  • reproducing Spanish sounds such as d/t, ce/ci, ga/gi, gue and gui
  • recognising variations in forms of spoken Spanish associated with particular regions, such as the pronunciation of j in Ecuador compared with northern Spain
  • applying phonic knowledge to spell unknown words, for example, estrella, llamar, tortilla, taxi, México
  • understanding the function of accents and learning to insert these into their own work electronically
  • understanding that accents in written Spanish indicate where the stress falls on a word, for example, mi mamá está en la fiesta and learning to insert these into their own work electronically
  • using correct writing conventions such as inverted question and exclamation marks at the start of sentences, for example, ¿qué tal?; ¡cuidado!; ¡qué onda!

  VCESU156 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language