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• VCRAC021

  Obtain and share information from peers and texts related to family, home, routines and interests

  Elaborations

  • gathering information about activities of others, such as surveying peers about time spent on activities
  • compiling information and reporting it to others, for example, making a shared class graph showing popular leisure activities during the year
  • comparing information about activities and practices across cultures, for example, reading, viewing or listening to texts in the language related to aspects of school life such as timetables, canteen menus, extracurricular activities and sports
  • working in groups to obtain and use factual information from texts related to other learning areas, for example, completing a simple science experiment, naming countries and significant land features, or recording distances using geography skills

  VCRAC021 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCRAC039

  Convey information about aspects of language and culture using diagrams, charts, timelines, descriptions and guided reports

  Elaborations

  • presenting factual information related to cultural activities and events of significance, for example, daily routines, celebrations, sporting events and concerts
  • conveying information about activities and the school environment using a range of text types and modes, for example, a report about an excursion for a school newsletter, a class website, a short documentary about the neighbourhood/region
  • using graphic organisers to convey information in particular ways, for example, to show priorities (list/table), to compare statistics or ideas (Venn diagram), or to highlight frequency (graphs)
  • reporting information (for example, about city and village life) based on the students' own or group research, and supporting the information with photos, illustrations, captions or diagrams

  VCRAC039 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• VCZHC166

  Create narratives that express the everyday experiences of young people, experimenting with dialogue

  Elaborations

  • collaborating to prepare and present short dramatic or humorous performances that reflect situations or experiences drawn from their own Chinese cultural environment, such as generational and cultural differences encountered at home
  • creating songs or jingles to promote products, services or events in imaginative ways
  • creating written and multimodal narrative accounts of the life experiences of major historical figures or characters from literature, for example, 诸葛亮，孔子和他的学生
  • developing skills in drafting and editing own writing, collaborating with others to enhance stylistic and creative features of own written expression

  VCZHC166 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHC003

  Locate information about family and familiar events from spoken and visual sources and convey this information in simple visual and oral texts

  Elaborations

  • using teacher scaffolding (for example, ‘We are going to listen for the information about the boy’s family members: what words might be used?’) to predict content before listening to spoken texts
  • matching information heard with pictures or other visual clues, such as identifying colours and fruit in game and real-life situations
  • sequencing pictures to describe events, guided by the teacher
  • responding to questions and retelling information obtained from listening to and viewing scaffolded models of texts, such as a video clip or an avatar of a Chinese student
  • practising tone, actions and gestures that support meaning to share information
  • expressing preferences, for example, 喜欢，不喜欢

  VCZHC003 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Communicating | Informing

• VCZHC231

  Use particular language features such as dialogue and imagery in short stories, literary essays and plays to create own imaginative representations of experience

  Elaborations

  • creating texts depicting the experiences of Chinese people in Australia, for example, writing a narrative reflecting a Chinese person’s adjustment to a new life in Australia based on an interview conducted with an older member of the local Chinese community
  • using examples or quotations from traditional literature in their own writing, such as 三人行，必有我师焉 from 《论语·述而》。
  • presenting the experiences of people in different eras, such as women in ancient China, through drama, poetry and literature
  • writing a story of an imagined scenario or an exciting adventure to entertain younger students at school

  VCZHC231 | Languages | Chinese | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCGRCU013

  Recognise that the language of the ancient Greeks provides insights into their daily lives, ideas, feelings and attitudes

  Elaborations

  • investigating connections between language and significant cultural attitudes, for example, discussing how the terms ἐκκλησία, βουλή, πρυτάνεις, ψήφισμα and the expressions τὶς ἀγορεύειν βούλεται and ἔδοξε τῇ βουλῇ καὶ τῷ δήμῳ relate to the concept of citizenship in ancient Athens
  • understanding the factors, such as language, religion and culture, that unified the Ἕλληνες (Greeks) and set them apart from the βάρβαροι (non-Greeks)
  • exploring and discussing language use that reflects the social structure of the πόλις of Athens, encompassing both city and countryside, for example, citizen classes, metics, slaves, women
  • exploring and discussing references in texts to social structure in Sparta, including the Spartans, perioikoi and helots
  • comparing and contrasting references in texts to family life, social practices and education in Athens and Sparta
  • understanding the importance of religion in ancient Greek society, and its links to festivals and ceremonies, for example, by examining references in texts to worship of the Olympian gods and local heroes, the panhellenic festivals of the Olympic and Pythian Games, or the dramatic performances of the Dionysia in Athens
  • comparing language that reflects the status of men, youths, women and girls in domestic affairs and public life in ancient Athens and Sparta, such as the significance of the terms ἀνδρεία, κύριος, κηδεμών, παρθένος
  • exploring the colloquial language that ancient Greeks used for greetings, or answering questions about daily life, such as χαῖρε/χαίρετε, πῶς ἔχεις/ἔχετε; τὶ ἔστιν;

  VCGRCU013 | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCJAC019

  Initiate and sustain interactions to share experiences, personal opinions, aspirations, thoughts and feelings and to discuss aspects of young people’s experience

  Elaborations

  • comparing experiences of teenage life and expressing opinions and aspirations, for example, 行きたいです。先生になりたいです。 つまらないとおもいます 。
  • sharing information about significant or special events in their own life and comparing with those of Japanese teenagers, such as birthdays, holidays, celebrations, sporting events and festivals, for example, 土曜日はぼくのたん生日パーティーでした。 どうでしたか。 たくさん友だちが来て、 たのしかったです。
  • developing strategies to initiate and sustain interactions, such as asking for clarification or confirmation, acknowledging and showing interest, using appropriate gestures and expressions such as あいづち, ああ　そうですか。いいですね。そうですね。 へえ。はい　うん。
  • maintaining and extending conversations by requesting additional information, asking appropriate questions, and using conversation fillers such as いつしますか。だれとしますか。 どうですか。
  • providing evidence or reasons to justify own opinions or planned actions, for example, べんりです。 だからコンビニで買(か)いものをします。
  • communicating with one another and with other young Japanese speakers via email, online conferencing or school-based exchanges about shared interests such as popular culture, sports and special events, or comparing aspects of school or home life, for example, 私(わたし)のしゅみはスポーツです。山川(やまかわ)さんはスポーツをしますか。私はスーパーでアルバイトをしています。 デービッドさんはアルバイトをしていますか。 or ぶかつに入っていますか。
  • using appropriate levels of formality for everyday exchanges such as greetings, introductions and apologies, for example, こんにちは。おそくなってすみません。ごめんね！、 and for thanking, inviting or congratulating one another, for example, メールをどうもありがとう。 いっしょにカラオケをしませんか。

  VCJAC019 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCARC130

  Explore their own sense of identity, including elements such as family, background and experiences, and ways of using language in Arabic- and English-speaking contexts

  Elaborations

  • discussing the groups they belong to, including their families and Arabic cultural and language groups, and reflecting on how membership of these groups affects their own sense of identity
  • creating texts in print, digital, online or multimodal formats that express personal views on identity, including as a member of different cultural and/or language groups, for example, their name, in English and/or Arabic, their life experiences overseas and in Australia, and reflecting on how these may be understood from an Australian and Arabic perspective
  • mapping personal profiles by creating a chart, timeline or web profile to highlight significant experiences or events, for example, marking an event when they identified as Lebanese, Egyptian, Iraqi or Arab, such as during religious ceremonies or special national events
  • noticing how they communicate in both Arabic- and English-speaking contexts, identifying differences in behaviour and discussing reasons for these, for example, how they would address their teacher compared to a family member such as an uncle

  VCARC130 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCASFU162

  Explore connections between identity and cultural values and beliefs and the expression of these connections in Auslan

  Elaborations

  • exploring culture as an essential part of human life, understanding that it is shared, passed on between generations and is closely connected to language and to identity
  • understanding that culture is more than the visible aspects of people’s lives, that it also includes invisible elements such as beliefs and values, how people think about themselves and others, how they relate to their social and physical environments, and how this understanding applies to themselves as users of their first language and as learners of Auslan
  • recognising that in each culture there are general rules for what to say and do, when, where and with whom, and that these rules differ from culture to culture, for example, the Deaf culture places greater importance on eye contact than cultures that communicate through spoken languages
  • recognising that language reflects values and beliefs, for example in expressions of personal identity or in the recognition of others (sameness and difference), for example by identifying deaf family members as part of introductions, and by relaying cultural information about background and context and shared knowledge when interacting with others

  VCASFU162 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCELC004

  Locate and use key points of information, such as main ideas, specific details and general descriptions from a range of spoken, written, visual, digital or multimodal texts

  Elaborations

  • reading, viewing or listening to texts, such as a map, song, poster, email or interactive game and responding to questions, for example, Πού είναι η Σαντορίνη; Τι χρώμα είναι τα ρούχα;
  • obtaining information on a range of topics, such as the life of a student in Greece or Cyprus, for example, Πώς τον/την λένε; Πόσων χρονών είναι;
  • identifying main ideas and key points of information in texts and using the information in new ways, for example, reading about an annual event in Greece or Cyprus and producing a program
  • identifying key and commonly used expressions in texts and using them in own texts, for example, Απίστευτο! Σπουδαίο! Φοβερό! Τέλειο!
  • gathering and collating information from sources such as class surveys, and presenting findings to others in digital formats, for example, posters, wall charts, profiles or timelines

  VCELC004 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCELC028

  Consider how cultural identity influences interactions in culturally and linguistically diverse contexts such as Australia

  Elaborations

  • developing an understanding of contemporary life in diverse Greek-speaking communities, for example, through viewing excerpts from Greek films, and reflecting on similarities and differences to own lifestyle
  • preparing a family tree with information such as languages spoken by family members, significant places/countries, and reflecting on how background can shape identity, Μιλώ αγγλικά, Είμαι Καναδός, Η μαμά μου μιλά ελληνικά και γαλλικά, ο παππούς μου είναι Άγγλος
  • exploring how cultural identity is manifested in Australian and Greek-speaking communities, for example, through family occasions, community events and festivals, reflecting on the importance of shared understanding
  • reflecting on the experience of learning and using Greek, considering how it may add a further dimension to own sense of identity

  VCELC028 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCELC176

  Interpret and discuss different imaginative texts, expressing and justifying opinions on aspects such as themes, mood, emotions and language choices

  Elaborations

  • interpreting images, gesture and language choices to convey cultural concepts and ideas in Greek songs, films and performances
  • reading, viewing and listening to imaginative texts in a variety of modes to explore and discuss how aspects of Greek society and culture are represented, for example, current social themes such as youth issues, identity
  • discussing how imaginative texts such as films, plays and songs portray social issues in everyday life such as relationships, generation gap
  • responding to texts and explaining how mood is created and narrative developed through language and expression, language choice, use of metaphors, humour, suspense, surprise
  • analysing imaginative texts, discussing how language, culture and literary devices are used to portray characters, places or events to evoke humorous or emotional responses
  • comparing lyrics, themes and styles of popular Greek and English language songs, explaining similarities and differences in language use, cultural aspects and modes of expression

  VCELC176 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCFRC095

  Present information and ideas relating to social worlds and natural environments in spoken, written and digital forms

  Elaborations

  • creating texts to share with a French-speaking audience such as a video or web page to capture and interpret aspects of their personal and social worlds, for example, ‘A day in our life in middle school’; les copains; mon quartier; le weekend
  • creating resources such as posters, pamphlets, websites or journals to present topics related to lifestyles, events or causes, for example, Le Jour de la Terre, Le Clean-Up Day
  • using different modes of presentation to profile significant events, characters or places related to French culture, history or environment
  • describing aspects of their own lifestyles that may interest young learners of their own age in French-speaking environments, for example, surf lifesaving, school camps or excursions, music events

  VCFRC095 | Languages | French | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCGRCU028

  Identify how cultural values, attitudes and beliefs of the ancient Greeks are embedded in their language

  Elaborations

  • discussing ancient Greek values that are embedded in terms such as such as σοφία and ξενία and considering their significance in the modern world
  • understanding how language and cultural practices are interconnected, for example, by explaining religious origins or connotations associated with words and expressions such as ἱερόν/τέμενος/ἡρῷον/ἄβατον/μυστήρια/εὐσέβεια
  • investigating the use of dialects to denote differences in ethnicity and social status in ancient Greece, for example, Aristophanes’ use of Doric to ridicule a Spartan character
  • exploring the formal language that ancient Greeks used for greetings, or responding to the challenges of public life, such as ἔρρωσθε καὶ ἐδαιμονεῖτε, ἀσπάζομαι, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, ὦ δικασταί, and making comparisons with own language use in formal contexts
  • reflecting on how language, texts and artefacts provide a means of understanding the social and cultural practices of ancient Greeks and how they conceptualised their world

  VCGRCU028 | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCHIC117

  Compose bilingual texts such as digital stories, comics, blogs or contributions to websites that capture the experience of ‘living between languages’

  Elaborations

  • creating texts such as blogs or posts on online forums that draw on their personal bilingual resources to explore the dynamic nature of intercultural experience
  • corresponding with young Hindi speakers in different contexts, using Hindi and English to describe and explain aspects of life in Australia
  • creating bilingual digital stories for younger learners that capture elements of their own experiences of using two languages and living in a multilingual society
  • creating glossaries in English to explain cultural references in contemporary Hindi texts that relate to trans-cultural experience
  • creating a bilingual virtual tour of the school for new or intending students, noticing which language is more appropriate for different elements of the presentation
  • creating bilingual texts such as leaflets or slogans to raise awareness of health or environmental issues among both language communities, for example, स्वच्छ भारत; छोटा परिवार - सुखी परिवार; बेटी बचाओ-बेटी पढ़ाओ

  VCHIC117 | Languages | Hindi | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCHIC080

  Compare translations and interpretations of literary, community and social media texts, including those that mix Hindi and English words, expressions and sentence structures

  Elaborations

  • identifying and translating texts produced within the media and entertainment industry that use ‘Hinglish’ for different purposes, for example, Life ho to aisi!, Youngistaan ka wow!
  • exploring the language of Bollywood by translating short excerpts that include code-mixing and code-switching between languages and dialects
  • critically evaluating the accuracy and effectiveness of subtitles used in movies, video clips and documentaries, identifying examples of ‘meaning lost in translation’
  • translating parts of conversations recorded between family and friends that involve the mixing of Hindi and English, discussing the relationship between code switching and domains of use
  • considering challenges involved in translating texts by contemporary poets and songwriters who incorporate English words or stylistic features into their texts
  • identifying how translation sometimes involves literal exchange of word-for-word meaning, sometimes involves interpreting and expressing meaning in appropriate forms, and sometimes involves cultural meaning that cannot be translated

  VCHIC080 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Translating

• VCITU019

  Notice and reflect (mainly in English) on different cultural practices and the specific ways of using language in different cultures

  Elaborations

  • observing through visual and audio-visual resources such as video clips and photos that members of Italian-speaking communities may do everyday things differently to themselves, for example, shaking hands, kissing on cheek, starting a meal with Buon appetito
  • responding to guiding questions through which they reflect on experiences, such as greeting and socialising with others, or discussing aspects of school routines or family life, for example, What do you think about this? How would it feel if you were there/doing that? How do you feel about …? Is it the same or different in Italy and Australia?
  • understanding that culture influences representations of sounds such as those made by animals, for example, bau bau (dog), pio pio (chicken), gru gru (pig)

  VCITU019 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Foundation to Level 2 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCJAC025

  Create own or shared texts in different modes and formats to inform or entertain others, or express ideas, attitudes and perspectives, using imaginary characters, places and experiences

  Elaborations

  • presenting a day in the life of an imaginary or real character from familiar anime, manga or film, incorporating elements such as humour or surprise to express different characteristics
  • using digital technologies to create a design for an Australian theme park, shopping centre or sports arena to attract young Japanese visitors to Australia
  • creating short texts such as skits, raps or haiku, and using a range of digital technologies to design, perform and/or record these to amuse, entertain and engage other learners of Japanese
  • working collaboratively to compose and perform a skit such as a manzai based on an imagined scenario that allows for experimentation with expressive language
  • creating a digital persona or avatar in a Japanese-speaking fantasy world, incorporating communicative styles and behaviours observed in Japanese texts

  VCJAC025 | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCJAC130

  Locate and process specific points of information in familiar types of written, spoken, multimodal and digital texts associated with people, places and objects

  Elaborations

  • finding examples of Japanese language at home or in the community to create a class collection, display or digital database of terms related to recipes, toys, gadgets or menus
  • viewing or listening to a simple community text such as a weather report, recognising key words such as はれ、くもり
  • identifying features of seasons and tracking the progress of seasonal weather changes on a map of Japan, for example, reports of さくら、つゆ、こうよう
  • gathering information about one another’s home life and activities, for example, by surveys on pets, sports, activities, families, or likes and dislikes, using graphs to display results
  • viewing or reading simple print or digital texts such as advertisements, catalogues, menus or packaging to locate key points of information in relation to elements such as product, number, price, target audience or capacity for recycling

  VCJAC130 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCKOC153

  Describe people, places, objects and everyday routines relating to school and home environments; express feelings and share interests and preferences

  Elaborations

  • exchanging experiences of everyday life and leisure activities using –해요/했어요 as a chunk, for example, 오늘 한국어를 공부해요 / 어제 영어를 공부했어요
  • sharing experiences and feelings such as weekend activities and likes/dislikes using 나/저도 …–어/아요 and 나/저도 …–었/았어요 as set phrases, for example, 나/저도 좋아요/좋았어요,나/저도 한국어를 공부해요/공부했어요
  • interacting via different modes of communication including class blogs or wikis to exchange personal information and to express opinions, for example, … 어때요/어땠어요?
  • recounting experiences with family and friends in speaking and writing, for example, in conversations, diaries or blogs (토요일에 저는 친구하고 쇼핑했어요.제니하고 웨스트필드에 갔어요 ...)

  VCKOC153 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising