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• Languages | Latin: Rationale and Aims

  Rationale

  The study of Latin allows students to enter and explore ancient worlds that have shaped contemporary life and societies. Authentic engagement with seminal works of great literature and antiquities gives direct access to ancient ways of living in and viewing the world, and an appreciation...

  Overview material | Latin

• VCZHU172

  Recognise ways of organising and expressing ideas in Chinese

  Elaborations

  • using connectives (连接词) and sequencing expressions (for example, 首先。。。其次。。。) to enhance flow and clarity of ideas
  • organising information in different ways, discussing the logical flow of the information and whether it suits the audience’s needs, for example, comparing 目前陆地上的煤，石油等资源 由于长期开采，已经越来越少。 and 由于长期开采陆地上的资源，比如煤和石油，目前已经越来越少

  VCZHU172 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• Languages | Classical Greek: Rationale and Aims

  Rationale

  The study of Classical Greek allows students to enter and explore ancient worlds that have shaped contemporary life and societies. Authentic engagement with seminal works of great literature and antiquities gives direct access to ancient ways of living in and viewing the world, and an...

  Overview material | Classical Greek

• VCZHU220

  Organise and express complex ideas in Chinese, for example, analysing and comparing active and passive sentence constructions

  Elaborations

  • organising information in a range of ways, and discussing the logical flow of the information and whether it suits the audience’s reading expectations, for example, comparing 目前陆地上的煤，石油等资源 由于长期开采，已经越来越少 and 由于长期开采陆地上的资源，比如煤和石油，目前已经越来越少
  • analysing the subtle differences between expressions with similar meanings conveyed using, for example, 除了…也 and 除了…都 and 虽然 and 尽管
  • exploring the particular functions of key grammatical forms and their correct context of use, for example, distinguishing between the uses of 的、 得、 地 and 可以、能、会
  • employing more complex syntactical features to enhance their own meanings, building on current knowledge, for example, making comparisons, expressing sequence, expressing cause and effect
  • using particular discourse features to extend and elaborate their own message, for example, 除此之外、尽管这样、同样

  VCZHU220 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCZHU076

  Analyse and examine how effective authors control sentence structure and use language to engage their audience

  Elaborations

  • comparing the use of words that rely on interpretation of context to convey the intended meaning (such as 让、给), for example, listening to and reading several extracts from texts which use the same word in a different way
  • expressing conditions (for example, 如果…就); expressing cause and effect (for example, 为了…); and expressing the condition, quality or result of an action, for example, 坐得下、 说得对、 做完、买到
  • justifying opinions and building logical arguments by expressing additional information and providing reasons (for example, using 不但…而且…；除了…以外；另外), and introducing contrasting views to others using elements such as cohesive devices, for example, 不是…而是…；不过；虽然…但是…
  • exploring the ways in which language can be manipulated to make ideas more objective, for example, removal of personal pronouns and opinions
  • examining the use of noun phrases in Chinese and experimenting with omitting nouns (zero subjects) in their own communication
  • experimenting with the use of 成语 and famous sayings to substantiate ideas in Chinese
  • experimenting with 的 as a subject modifier to express ideas that would contain relative clauses in English, for example, 我昨天买的书不太贵

  VCZHU076 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 9 and 10 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCZHU204

  Explore features of the Chinese grammatical system

  Elaborations

  • developing a metalanguage to talk about and compare features of grammar across languages
  • comparing the impact of sequencing choices (for example, 我不能按时交作业因为我感冒了 versus 我感冒了所以不能按时交作业) when explaining or justifying an action
  • exploring the multiple uses of frequently encountered features of Chinese syntax such as particles 的 and 了
  • exploring uses of cohesive devices such as 可是; 因为…所以…;如果…就… to sequence and order ideas and events (for example, …的时候、以后、以前;先…然后…; 完), to compare ideas (for example, 跟…一样/不同；比), and as simple connectives, for example, 不但…而且…；虽然…但是…
  • organising information in diverse ways and discussing the logical flow of the information, considering whether it meets the audience’s expectations, for example, comparing 目前陆地上的煤，石油等资源 由于长期开采，已经越来越少。 and 由于长期开采陆地上的资源，比如煤和石油，目前已经越来越少
  • comparing metaphorical and literal meaning in texts, for example, 远远的街灯明了，像是闪着无数的明星
  • analysing rhetorical devices in texts (for example, 比喻、夸张、排比), identifying culturally specific features such as 日月如梭，难于上青天, and experimenting with rhetorical devices in own texts

  VCZHU204 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language