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• VCMNA182

  Use estimation and rounding to check the reasonableness of answers to calculations

  Elaborations

  • recognising the usefulness of estimation to check calculations
  • applying mental strategies to estimate the result of calculations, such as estimating the cost of a supermarket trolley load

  VCMNA182 | Mathematics | Level 5 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA160

  Solve problems involving purchases and the calculation of change to the nearest five cents with and without digital technologies

  Elaborations

  • recognising that not all countries use dollars and cents, eg India uses rupees.
  • carrying out calculations in another currency as well as in dollars and cents, and identifying both as decimal systems

  VCMNA160 | Mathematics | Level 4 | Number and Algebra | Money and financial mathematics

• VCMNA187

  Compare and order common unit fractions and locate and represent them on a number line

  Elaborations

  • recognising the connection between the order of unit fractions and their denominators

  VCMNA187 | Mathematics | Level 5 | Number and Algebra | Fractions and decimals

• VCMNA190

  Compare, order and represent decimals

  Elaborations

  • locating decimals on a number line

  VCMNA190 | Mathematics | Level 5 | Number and Algebra | Fractions and decimals

• VCMNA181

  Identify and describe factors and multiples of whole numbers and use them to solve problems

  Elaborations

  • exploring factors and multiples using number sequences
  • using simple divisibility tests

  VCMNA181 | Mathematics | Level 5 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA130

  Recognise, model, represent and order numbers to at least 10 000

  Elaborations

  • placing four-digit numbers on a number line using an appropriate scale
  • reproducing numbers in words using their numerical representations and vice versa

  VCMNA130 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA110

  Recognise and interpret common uses of halves, quarters and eighths of shapes and collections

  Elaborations

  • recognising that sets of objects can be partitioned in different ways to demonstrate fractions
  • relating the number of parts to the size of a fraction

  VCMNA110 | Mathematics | Level 2 | Number and Algebra | Fractions and decimals

• VCMNA136

  Model and represent unit fractions including 1/2, 1/4, 1/3, 1/5 and their multiples to a complete whole

  Elaborations

  • partitioning areas, lengths and collections to create halves, thirds, quarters and fifths, such as folding the same sized sheets of paper to illustrate different unit fractions and comparing the number of parts with their sizes
  • locating unit fractions on a number line
  • recognising that in English the term ‘one third’ is used (order: numerator, denominator) but in other languages, such as Japanese for example, this concept may be expressed as ‘three parts, one of them’ (order: denominator, numerator)

  VCMNA136 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Fractions and decimals

• VCMNA129

  Investigate the conditions required for a number to be odd or even and identify odd and even numbers

  Elaborations

  • identifying even numbers using skip counting by twos or by grouping even collections of objects in twos
  • explaining why all numbers that end in the digits 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 are even and that numbers ending in 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 are odd

  VCMNA129 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA135

  Represent and solve problems involving multiplication using efficient mental and written strategies and appropriate digital technologies

  Elaborations

  • writing simple word problems in numerical form and vice versa
  • using technology to check the solution and reasonableness of the answer

  VCMNA135 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA133

  Recall addition facts for single-digit numbers and related subtraction facts to develop increasingly efficient mental strategies for computation

  Elaborations

  • recognising that certain single-digit number combinations always result in the same answer for addition and subtraction, and using this knowledge for addition and subtraction of larger numbers
  • extending strategies for addition and subtraction such as 14 + 8 + 6 = 14 + 6 + 8 = 28 and 54 – 28 = 2 + 20 + 4
  • combining knowledge of addition and subtraction facts and partitioning to aid computation. For example, 57 + 19 = 57 + 20 – 1

  VCMNA133 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA132

  Recognise and explain the connection between addition and subtraction

  Elaborations

  • demonstrating the connection between addition and subtraction using partitioning or by writing equivalent number sentences
  • solving simple word problems involving addition or subtraction

  VCMNA132 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA134

  Recall multiplication facts of two, three, five and ten and related division facts

  Elaborations

  • establishing multiplication facts using number sequences
  • using strategies to recall the multiplication and related division facts for the twos, threes, fives and tens

  VCMNA134 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA131

  Apply place value to partition, rearrange and regroup numbers to at least 10 000 to assist calculations and solve problems

  Elaborations

  • recognising that 10 000 equals 10 thousands, 100 hundreds, 1000 tens and 10 000 ones
  • justifying choices about partitioning and regrouping numbers in terms of their usefulness for particular calculations

  VCMNA131 | Mathematics | Level 3 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA089

  Represent and solve simple addition and subtraction problems using a range of strategies including counting on, partitioning and rearranging parts

  Elaborations

  • developing a range of mental strategies for addition and subtraction problems

  VCMNA089 | Mathematics | Level 1 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA086

  Develop confidence with number sequences to and from 100 by ones from any starting point. Skip count by twos, fives and tens starting from zero

  Elaborations

  • using the popular Korean counting game sam-yuk-gu for skip counting
  • developing fluency with forwards and backwards counting in meaningful contexts such as circle games

  VCMNA086 | Mathematics | Level 1 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA088

  Count collections to 100 by partitioning numbers using place value

  Elaborations

  • understanding partitioning of numbers and the importance of grouping in tens
  • understanding two-digit numbers as being comprised of tens and ones/units

  VCMNA088 | Mathematics | Level 1 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA087

  Recognise, model, read, write and order numbers to at least 100. Locate these numbers on a number line

  Elaborations

  • modelling numbers with a range of material and images
  • identifying numbers that are represented on a number line and placing numbers on a prepared number line

  VCMNA087 | Mathematics | Level 1 | Number and Algebra | Number and place value

• VCMNA285

  Plot graphs of non-linear real life data with and without the use of digital technologies, and interpret and analyse these graphs

  Elaborations

  • investigating different combinations of length and width of a rectangle for a fixed area, and drawing the corresponding graph
  • using graphs to analysing change in the value of a currency against another currency over a specified period

  VCMNA285 | Mathematics | Level 8 | Number and Algebra | Linear and non-linear relationships

• VCMNA342

  Solve equations using systematic guess-check-and-refine with digital technology

  Elaborations

  • refining intervals on graphs and/or in tables of values to determine with increasing accuracy when the values of two functions are approximately equal

  VCMNA342 | Mathematics | Level 10 | Number and Algebra | Linear and non-linear relationships