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• VCHHK137

  Different experiences and perspectives of non-Europeans and their perspectives on changes to society, significant events, ideas, beliefs and values

  Elaborations

  • Australia
    • investigating sources that record the reactions of new arrivals to other countries in this period, for example, responses to the natural environment and climate
    • investigating the experiences of a specific group of arrivals to Australia, for example, convicts in Sydney, Hobart, Brisbane or free settlers in Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth or Darwin
    • describing the impact of this group on the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples of the region
    • investigating the differing views of pastoralists and gold miners and how they influenced Victoria
    • examining the experiences of non-Europeans in Australia prior to the 1900s, such as the Japanese, Chinese, South Sea Islanders, Afghans
    • outlining the migration of Chinese to the goldfields in Australia in the nineteenth century and attitudes towards the Chinese as revealed in cartoons, for example, the Mongolian Octopus
  • Asia
    • analysing Commissioner Lin Zexu’s letter to Queen Victoria before the outbreak of the First Opium War 1839-42
    • analysing the ideas that influenced the perspectives of the Society of Righteous Harmonious Fists, Yi He Tuan (The Boxers)
    • comparing and contrast different perspectives about the effect of European colonisation of India or China or Indochina
    • analysing different perspectives of the Russo-Japanese War 1904-05

  VCHHK137 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Australia and Asia

• VCHHC124

  Analyse the different perspectives of people in the past and evaluate how these perspectives are influenced by significant events, ideas, location, beliefs and values

  Elaborations

  • using a range of sources to identify different perspectives and construct an argument about the experiences of people at the time
  • examining different accounts of eighteenth-century journey to Australia, for example, ships’ logs, diaries, recorded testimonies of convicts and officers, both male and female, and explaining the variations in perspective which can lead to different historical interpretations
  • identifying in a range of perspectives the absent or hidden voices and suggest reasons for this
  • analysing the views of both men and women at different times regarding gender equality in Australia and explaining how these views might reflect changing values and attitudes
  • explaining the enthusiasm of young people for the music tours and the opposition of older generations, as reflected in the sources

  VCHHC124 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Concepts and Skills | Historical sources as evidence

• VCHHK135

  Significant events and influencing ideas in the development of the society, including different perspectives of the events at the time and different historical interpretations and debates

  Elaborations

  • Australia
    • discussing the rise of nationalist sentiment in Australia in the mid to late nineteenth century
    • sequencing the key events and ideas in the development of Australian self-government and democracy, including women's voting rights
    • explaining the factors that contributed to federation and the development of democracy in Australia, including defence concerns, the 1890s depression, nationalist ideals, egalitarianism, the Westminster system
  • Asia
    • explaining the position of the Asian society in relation to other nations in the world around the turn of the twentieth century, including the influence of key ideas such as nationalism
    • investigating the fall of the Shogun and the Meiji Restoration, rise of nationalism, militarism and expansionism, confrontation between Japan and China, and with Western powers, for example, the Russo-Japanese war, and the emergence of Japan as a major world power
    • describing the activities of Christian missionaries in China and the outcomes of the Boxer Rebellion
    • analysing the significant causes and effects of the Indian Great Rebellion 1857

  VCHHK135 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Australia and Asia

• VCHHK158

  Causes and developments of the major global influences on Australia

  Elaborations

  • Popular culture
    • analysing the causes and conditions for cultural development and the effects on Australian society
    • investigating America’s cultural influence, as seen in the arrival of television for the Melbourne Olympics (1956) and Bill Haley’s Australian tour (1957)
    • comparing and contrasting views on the values and beliefs of rock ’n’ roll, film and television across time, age and gender, for example, issues of conservatism and rebellion, the challenge to established ideas and national identity
  • Environment movement
    • analysing the causes and conditions that led to the environment movement and its effects on changing public opinion and improving the environment
    • outlining the emergence of concerns about the preservation of natural areas for future generations, for example, as reflected in the establishment of National Parks in the United States (Yellowstone National Park in 1872), Australia (Royal National Park in 1879), Canada (Rocky Mountains National Park in 1885) and New Zealand (Tongariro National Park in 1887)
    • investigating the impact of early texts that warned about environmental change, for example, Silent Spring by Rachel Carson, 1962, Don’t It Make You Want To Go Home by Joe South, 1970, Mother Earth News magazine in 1970, Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology) lyrics by Marvin Gaye, 1971
  • Migration experiences
    • analysing the causes and conditions that led to increased migration to Australia and changing public opinion and government policy
    • describing the main features of a government policy that affected migration to Australia, such as the Immigration Restriction Act 1901 and use of the dictation test to restrict the immigration of non-Europeans
    • explaining the reasons for changes in government policy, for example the influence of White Australia ideology at the time of the introduction of the Immigration Restriction Act 1901, the Displaced Persons Scheme in the aftermath of World War II
  • Political Crisis
    • analysing the causes of the Korean or Vietnam War and its effects on Australia
    • analysing the causes and effects of the Petrov Affair
    • evaluating the developments during the Whitlam government and the causes of the government’s dismissal

  VCHHK158 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | The globalising world

• VCHHK133

  Key social, cultural, economic, and political features of one society at the start of the period

  Elaborations

  • Australia
    • examining the different contexts of the colonies of Australia and explain their influences
    • investigating the founding of Melbourne and the features of Port Phillip District/Victoria
    • analysing and evaluating the effects of Gold on Victoria using a graphic organiser
  • Asia
    • investigating ONE Asian society such as China, Japan, India, Dutch East Indies at the start of the period
    • identifying the territorial extent of Qing China, the role and influence of the Emperor, and the nature of literature, art and architecture at the time
    • describing the impacts of the Industrial revolution on Japan’s isolation and changing economy

  VCHHK133 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Australia and Asia

• VCHHK157

  Effects of significant post-World War II world events and developments on one major global influence that shaped change in Australian society

  Elaborations

  • Popular culture
    • examining how post World War II effected popular culture in Australia, including music, film and sport
    • identifying sports that were popular in Australia such as football, horse racing, cricket
  • Environment movement
    • discussing the effects of nuclear warfare and M.A.D in raising concerns about the environment
    • explaining reason why the United Kingdom conducted 12 major nuclear weapons tests in Australia between 1952 and 1957 at the Montebello Islands, Emu Field and Maralinga and why opposition to the testing grew in the 1950’s
  • Migration experiences
    • investigating the nature of the waves of migration such as the countries that were the source of migrants, the numbers of migrants from those countries, and trends in migration since World War II, such as increasing migration from the Asian region to Australia
  • Political Crisis
    • examining how the post war ideologies and fears of the cold war influenced change in Australian society, such as the Korean War and Vietnam War
    • explaining the influence of McCarthyism and the significance of the Petrov Affair in shaping Australian society
    • investigating how changing political ideologies influenced change, such as Labor’s win in 1972 and the causes of the Whitlam Dismissal in 1975

  VCHHK157 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | The globalising world

• VCHHK159

  Changing social, cultural, historical, economic, environmental, political and technological conditions on a major global influence in Australia

  Elaborations

  • Popular culture
    • identifying American and Asian influences on Australian popular culture since World War II, for example, through mainstream and Hollywood and Bollywood films
    • investigating the changing contribution of the Australian rock ’n’ roll, film and television industries to Australian culture and identity through the development and export of music, film and television, for example, the Easybeats from Sydney, the Go-Betweens from Brisbane and ‘Crocodile Dundee’ (1986)
    • describing significant examples of continuity and change in beliefs and values, such as democratic ideals, religious beliefs, egalitarianism
  • Environment movement
    • recognising the historic impact of the pictures of Earth taken during the Apollo 8 mission and how they influenced people’s view of the world
    • explaining the significance of ideas about the environment, for example, Gaia, the limits of growth, sustainability and rights of nature
    • investigating a range of environmental effects, for example, the flooding of Lake Pedder in Tasmania, deforestation in Indonesia, the decline of the Aral Sea, the Exxon Valdez oil spill, the whaling industry
    • explaining the struggle over French nuclear weapon testing in the Pacific from 1966–1996, for example, the sinking of the Rainbow Warrior in 1985
    • evaluating the effectiveness of international protocols and treaties such as Kyoto (1997), the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (since 1992) and the Washington Declaration (2007)
  • Migration experiences
    • describing the impact of the Vietnam war on Vietnam and how the communist victory in Vietnam (1975) resulted in the arrival of refugees into Australia
    • investigating policies of multiculturalism since the 1970s and the concepts of cultural heritage and assimilation
    • analysing post-World War II population growth and the development of Australia’s culturally diverse society using different types of graphs
  • Political Crisis
    • identifying and evaluating the changes to Australia as a result of the political crisis
    • using a chart or graphic organiser to categorise the changes to Australia

  VCHHK159 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | The globalising world

• VCHHK142

  Effects of World War I, with a particular emphasis on the changes and continuities brought to the Australian home front and society

  Elaborations

  • examining the effects of World War I in Europe such as the Treaty of Versailles, end of empires, economic and environmental destruction, loss of life, Spanish flu, new technologies, emergence of liberalism
  • graphing the proportion of Australian servicemen who died during World War I, compared to that of other countries involved in the war
  • explaining the effects of World War I, with a particular emphasis on Australia, such as the use of propaganda to influence the civilian population, the changing role of women, the conscription debate
  • investigating examples of the war’s impact on Australia’s economy and society, for example, the development of the steel industry in Newcastle and the implementation of the War Precautions Act 1914
  • identifying the groups who opposed conscription, for example, trade unionists, Irish Catholics, and the grounds for their objections
  • studying the first and second referenda on conscription, including the division within the Labor Party over this issue
  • explaining the treatment of people of German descent during the war, for example, their classification as ‘enemy aliens’ and placement in internment camps, as well as their depiction in government propaganda

  VCHHK142 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | Australia at war (1914 – 1945): World War I

• VCHHK132

  Significant effects of the Industrial Revolution, including global changes in landscapes, movements of people, development and influence of ideas, political and social reforms, and transport and communication

  Elaborations

  • describing the effects of factories, mines and cities on the environment, and on population growth and distribution
  • outlining the growth of trade unions as a response to the effects of the Industrial Revolution
  • investigating and explaining the emergence and the influence of individuals and/or groups on key ideas in the period, with a particular focus on one of the following: capitalism, socialism, egalitarianism, nationalism, imperialism, Darwinism or Chartism

  VCHHK132 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Industrial Revolution (1750 – 1914)

• VCHHK136

  Patterns of continuity and change and their effects on influencing movements of people, ways of life and living conditions, political and legal institutions, and cultural expression around the turn of the twentieth century

  Elaborations

  • Australia
    • using sources to examine the living and working conditions in Australia around the turn of the twentieth century (that is 1900)
    • identifying the main features of housing, sanitation, transport, education and industry that influenced living and working conditions in Australia
    • describing the impact of the gold rushes in the hinterland on the development of ‘Marvellous Melbourne’
  • Asia
    • describing the British Raj and the forms of British influence in India, for example, the building of roads, an extensive railway network, schools and Christian missions
    • describing how increasing foreign influence and imperialism was challenging and changing Imperial China and society through trade, railway networks, missionaries, foreign concessions in cities such as Shanghai
    • describing how increasing trade, modernisation expansions and nationalism in Japan were influencing change to everyday life in Japan, the fall of the Shogun and the Meiji Restoration

  VCHHK136 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Australia and Asia

• History: Levels 9 and 10 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 10, students refer to significant events, the actions of individuals and groups, and beliefs and values to identify and evaluate the patterns of change and continuity over time. They analyse the causes and effects of events and developments and explain their significance. They...

  Level description | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10

• VCHHK148

  Effects of World War II, with a particular emphasis on the changes and continuities brought to the Australian home front and society

  Elaborations

  • categorising and organizes the effects of World War II, with a particular emphasis on the Australian home front, including the changing roles of women and use of wartime government controls such as conscription, manpower controls, rationing and censorship
  • investigating the effects of World War II at a local and national level, for example, significant events such as the bombing of Darwin, the Japanese submarine attack on Sydney, the sinking of ships off the Australian coast, the ‘Battle of Brisbane’, the Cowra breakout and the Brisbane Line

  VCHHK148 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | Australia at war (1914 – 1945): World War II

• VCHHK138

  Position of the society in relation to other nations in the world by 1918 including the effects of ideas and movements of people

  Elaborations

  • Australia
    • investigating the type of society in Australia ‘Working Man’s Paradise’, ‘Social Laboratory’
    • investigating how the major social legislation of the new Federal Government affected living and working conditions in Australia, for example Legislation 1901–1914, including the Harvester Judgment, Immigration Restriction Act, invalid and old-age pensions and the maternity allowance scheme, Defence Acts
  • Asia
    • analysing the causes of collapse of the Qing and the 1911 Revolution. Discuss reasons why there was increasing demand for Indian independence and self-government and the founding of the Indian Congress Party
    • investigating Japan’s increased expansion into China, the signing of the ‘Twenty-one Demands’ in 1915 and territorial gains as a result of the Treaty of Versailles

  VCHHK138 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Australia and Asia

• VCHHK154

  Significance of the following events in changing society: 1962 right to vote federally, 1967 Referendum, Reconciliation, Mabo decision, Bringing Them Home Report (the Stolen Generations), the Apology and the different perspectives of these events

  Elaborations

  • describing the aims, tactics and outcomes of a particular event in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ struggle for rights and freedoms

  VCHHK154 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | Rights and freedoms (1945 – the present)

• VCHHK153

  Effects of the US civil rights movement and its influence on Australia

  Elaborations

  • outlining the Freedom Rides in the US, how they inspired civil rights campaigners in Australia, and how they became a turning point in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ struggle for rights and freedoms

  VCHHK153 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | Rights and freedoms (1945 – the present)

• VCHHK131

  Different experiences and perspectives of individuals or groups and how ideas, beliefs and values changed during the significant events of the Industrial Revolution

  Elaborations

  • describing the effects of steam, gas and electricity on people’s way of life during the Industrial Revolution
  • investigating the changes in working conditions, for example, longer working hours for low pay and the use of children as a cheap source of labour
  • investigating the support for Chartism among the poorer classes as a response to deteriorating living and working conditions
  • explaining how religious groups responded to the ideas in Charles Darwin’s 1859 book On the Origin of Species
  • investigating sources that record the reactions of new arrivals to other countries in this period, for example, responses to the natural environment and climate

  VCHHK131 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Industrial Revolution (1750 – 1914)

• VCHHK129

  Causes that led to the Industrial Revolution, and other conditions and ideas that influenced the industrialisation of Britain and of Australia

  Elaborations

  • explaining why the agricultural revolution including access to raw materials, wealthy middle class, cheap labour, transport system, and expanding empire caused the Industrial Revolution
  • mapping the British Empire c.1800 CE and the raw materials it obtained from colonies, for example, sugar from Jamaica, wool from Australia, and cotton from India
  • explaining changes in technology, for example steam-driven spinning mills, railways and steam ships, which led to factories and cities
  • identifying the spread of innovations such as steam power, iron and steel production, transport; and chemicals in Europe, USA and Japan

  VCHHK129 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The making of the modern world | Industrial Revolution (1750 – 1914)

• VCHHK144

  Different historical interpretations and contested debates about World War I and the significance of Australian commemorations of the war

  Elaborations

  • investigating the ideals associated with the Anzac tradition and how and why World War I is commemorated within Australian society
  • evaluating the fairness of the post war treaties on Axis powers

  VCHHK144 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | Australia at war (1914 – 1945): World War I

• History: Levels 9 and 10 description

  The Making of the Modern World and Australia

  In Levels 9 and 10, students study the making of the modern world from 1750 to 1918 and the modern world and Australia from 1918–present. It covers the period of industrialisation and rapid change in the ways people lived, worked and thought, the...

  Level description | The Humanities | History

• VCHHK156

  Continuity and change for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in securing and achieving civil rights and freedoms in Australia

  Elaborations

  • identifying areas, for example, education, health, work, that are the focus for continued civil rights action for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • investigating the legacy of children’s experiences in ‘care’ including their placement in orphanages, children’s homes, foster care and other forms of out-of-home care, and the significance of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1990)

  VCHHK156 | The Humanities | History | Levels 9 and 10 | Historical Knowledge | The modern world and Australia | Rights and freedoms (1945 – the present)