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• VCHIC028

  Recognise that ways of communicating in different languages reflect ways of behaving and thinking

  Elaborations

  • recognising differences in attitudes or ways of expressing feelings when using Hindi or English, for example, when being polite and respectful, when thanking or sympathising with people or when exchanging wishes on special occasions
  • identifying non-verbal aspects of communication in Hindi that may be unfamiliar to non-Hindi speakers, such as the way that older relatives greet children by holding their hand over the child’s head and saying जीते रहो, or shaking the head from side to side or back and forth to show varying levels of agreement
  • recognising how the Hindi language reflects traditions and social distinctions to do with how people are regarded in society, how old they are or what religion they practise, for example, the use of the honorific particle जी after a surname to show respect or after an individual name to show affection
  • discussing how Australian behaviours and expressions might be understood or misunderstood by newcomers to the language and culture, for example, the use of terms such as ‘bushwalking’ or ‘arvo’, or expressions such as ‘she’ll be right’ and children’s use of first names with some adults
  • comparing how they communicate in Hindi, English or other languages when they are interacting with different people, such as elders, friends, strangers, parents, small children

  VCHIC028 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCHPEP096

  Participate in outdoor games and activities to examine how participation promotes a connection between the community, natural and built environments, and health and wellbeing

  Elaborations

  • participating in physical activities in natural environments in the local area and reflecting on the enjoyable components of participation
  • comparing the characteristics and benefits of physical activities that can take place in a natural environment and those that take place in a built environment

  VCHPEP096 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 3 and 4 | Personal, Social and Community Health | Contributing to healthy and active communities

• VCNRC020

  Participate in everyday classroom activities, such as asking for permission, requesting help, asking how to say or write something, and praising or encouraging peers

  Elaborations

  • asking for permission and requesting help using frequently used phrases
  • asking how to say or write a word or expression
  • praising and encouraging peers
  • using words, phrases or interjections which can be used in conversation

  VCNRC020 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCADRP027

  Shape and perform dramatic action using narrative structures and tension in devised and scripted drama

  Elaborations

  • considering ideas from drama they watch such as contemporary drama written/performed by an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander drama practitioner when shaping own drama, for example, which characters they identify with, and what relationships and situations do they recognise?
  • applying story structures in their drama, including roles and events linked through cause and effect and dramatic tension, for example, exploring local Aboriginal stories and how they are dramatically portrayed as a reference for shaping their own drama
  • performing their improvised sections of process drama and play-building
  • planning and rehearsing their drama for a live or virtual performance, for example, a short scripted drama with a sense of role, situation and dramatic tension
  • evaluating drama they perform, for example, ‘How well did they collaborate to make drama? What worked best in the drama?’

  VCADRP027 | The Arts | Drama | Levels 3 and 4 | Present and Perform

• VC2M4ST02

  analyse the effectiveness of different displays or visualisations in illustrating and comparing data distributions, then discuss the shape of distributions and the variation in the data

  Elaborations

  • suggesting questions that can be answered by a given data display and using the display to answer these questions
  • interpreting data representations in the media and other forums where symbols represent one-to-many relationships and how this can be challenging when the representations use part-whole representations
  • comparing different student-generated diagrams, tables and graphs, describing their similarities and differences and commenting on the usefulness of each representation for interpreting the data

  VC2M4ST02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 4 | Statistics

• VCSSU056

  Science knowledge helps people to understand the effects of their actions

  Elaborations

  • considering how the use of materials including solids and liquids can affect the environment in different ways, for example, fertilisers and food and drink containers
  • exploring how science has contributed to understanding and resolving issues related to the effects of human activities, for example, clearing of bushland to build housing and roads and management of waste
  • investigating how people can use science to select appropriate materials for their work, for example, builders, clothing designers, engineers, gardeners and chefs

  VCSSU056 | Science | Levels 3 and 4 | Science Understanding | Science as a human endeavour

• VCCCTQ011

  Explore reactions to a given situation or problem and consider the effect of pre-established preferences

  Elaborations

  • examining health messages about particular foods and reflecting on whether their reaction to the message is influenced by whether they like the food or not
  • examining how a particular win/loss record might establish expectations for future outcomes
  • making predictions, for example about the buoyancy of objects in different liquids, then posing questions such as ‘how did our previous knowledge about the buoyancy of an object affect our predictions?’

  VCCCTQ011 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 3 and 4 | Questions and Possibilities

• VCLVU168

  Recognise that languages change over time

  Elaborations

  • identifying words that are the same as or similar to neighbouring languages
  • understanding ways in which languages influence one another, for example, language shifts, shared writing systems, loan words
  • discussing loan words that have been incorporated from other languages to describe new concepts, for example, words for new things, including technological innovations
  • understanding that language and culture together continually change as a result of contact with other languages and cultures

  VCLVU168 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCHIU036

  Recognise the relationship between language and culture, for example, by identifying expressions, gestures or forms of address associated with different cultural practices

  Elaborations

  • understanding that languages carry cultural ideas and values, as in the use of words such as देसी as opposed to विदेशी, the use of blessings by older people to children, the use of indirect forms of language such as कोई बात नहीं as a way of deflecting a difficult situation
  • identifying forms of address or expressions associated with cultural events or celebrations that reflect values and traditions, for example, बधाई हो
  • noticing how family values such as familiarity, politeness or respect are expressed in Hindi and associated behaviours, for example, addressing cousins or distant male siblings as भइया; the concept of जूठा
  • identifying words and expressions that reflect cultural beliefs, practices and traditions, such as offering of प्रसाद to God, offering to God or visitors फूल, मिठाई, फल, पानी पीजिए to guests when they visit
  • noticing that some Australian terms and expressions are only meaningful in the Australian context and have no equivalent in Hindi, for example, ‘fair go’, ‘she’ll be right’
  • recognising words and expressions in Hindi that reflect traditions and distinctions that are not easily translated into English, for example, forms of address such as स्वामी जी for a religious leader, गुरुजी for a male teacher, बाबाजी for an older male person and राम राम as a mode of greeting in villages

  VCHIU036 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCESC136

  Interact in Spanish using simple phrases and expressions, recognising how language reflects cultural practices

  Elaborations

  • using Spanish expressions that convey politeness and respect (por favor... gracias, puedo), and comparing how they feel when using them compared to using equivalent expressions in English or other languages
  • noticing interactions when using Spanish that look or feel different to their ways of interacting in their own language/culture, for example, language around mealtimes or in the classroom
  • selecting words or expressions in Spanish that they think would need to be explained to non-Spanish speakers, for example, the use of family names or expressions associated with religion, or the use of besitos to close a telephone conversation
  • talking about their reactions to using Spanish, identifying ways of communicating/behaving that feel unfamiliar, enjoyable or difficult, for example, gestures or forms of politeness

  VCESC136 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDSCD031

  Evaluate design ideas, processes and solutions based on criteria for success developed with guidance and including care for the environment and communities

  Elaborations

  • evaluating designed solution against negotiated criteria for success with class or group members
  • evaluating, revising and selecting design ideas, based on criteria for success and including consideration of ethics, social values and sustainability
  • evaluating the functional and aesthetic qualities of a designed solution
  • reflecting on the sustainability implications of selected designed solutions
  • comparing the amount of waste that would be produced from different design options and the potential for recycling waste
  • reflecting on designed solutions to critique and assess suitability, sustainability and enterprise opportunities and determine how well they meet success criteria

  VCDSCD031 | Technologies | Design and Technologies | Levels 3 and 4 | Creating Designed Solutions | Evaluating

• VCCCL004

  Explain how and why people make rules

  Elaborations

  • identifying how some rules can protect the rights of others, for example rules in the classroom
  • identifying who has the authority to make rules, for example at school or in a sporting club
  • investigating and explaining cultural norms behind some rule making, such as removing shoes before entering places of cultural significance

  VCCCL004 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 3 and 4 | Laws and Citizens

• VCCCTM020

  Investigate a range of problem-solving strategies, including brainstorming, identifying, comparing and selecting options, and developing and testing hypotheses

  Elaborations

  • identifying and applying techniques to improve brainstorming such as setting time limits or swapping notes part way through to then build on another’s ideas
  • undertaking trials to develop an hypothesis about the relationship between two variables, for example between the angle of a boomerang and distance, and reflecting on how hypotheses can be used to make predictions for different purposes

  VCCCTM020 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 3 and 4 | Meta-Cognition

• VCELA280

  Understand how adverb groups/phrases and prepositional phrases work in different ways to provide circumstantial details about an activity

  Elaborations

  • investigating in texts how adverb group/phrases and prepositional phrases can provide details of the circumstances surrounding a happening or state (for example, ‘At midnight (time) he rose slowly (manner) from the chair (place) and went upstairs (place)’

  VCELA280 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCASFC024

  Engage with imaginative texts such as stories, games, poems or cartoons, to demonstrate comprehension and express enjoyment

  [ Key concepts: story, emotion, expression, humour; Key processes: identifying, expressing emotion, re-enacting, experimenting, shadowing]

  Elaborations

  • viewing a signed story that involves progressive action, tension and resolution
  • identifying how signers use space to track a character or location throughout a text
  • viewing and responding to a range of Deaf poetry for children, for example by creating an alternative ending or extra verse
  • using NMFs to express changing emotions such as anticipation, fear or relief in response to elements of live or recorded signed stories
  • viewing and responding to short recorded skits, for example by re-enacting favourite elements and modifying manner or aspect to provide additional emphasis or expression
  • freezing cartoons or video clips of people/animals in amusing situations, signing a commentary on what has just happened and predicting what might happen next
  • experimenting with different Auslan parameters to create and perform examples of gestural humour, as modelled in performances by companies such as the Hong Kong Theatre of the Deaf
  • participating in games that focus on modifying manner or aspect for effect
  • viewing a theatre performance designed for a deaf audience and sharing their reactions to the experience of viewing a theatre performance designed for a deaf audience
  • engaging with different examples of Deaf humour or Deaf jokes and comparing them with examples of humour in spoken English or in silent films or mime
  • shadowing signed elements of theatrical or cinematographic texts that use handshapes, such as the scene with hand-faces in the film Labyrinth
  • comparing two signed versions of a story such as ‘The Hare and the Tortoise’ and indicating their preference for one version over the other
  • responding to elements of signed stories such as refrains or exclamations, for example by shadowing repeated signs, movements or facial expressions

  VCASFC024 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating

• VCASFC154

  Consider how their ways of communicating and responding to each other shape and reflect their sense of identity

  Elaborations

  • using visual representations such as concept maps, posters or captioned slide presentations to identify groups that they identify with, such as friends, family, sporting, interest and community groups
  • creating a profile to capture their sense of self, for example through creating an avatar or montage, using key signs, fingerspelled letters or simple Auslan expressions in a digital file to identify significant characteristics, traits or experiences
  • comparing their own and each other’s ways of communicating, identifying elements that reflect cultural differences or influences of other languages
  • identifying markers of identity that may be important across all cultures and communities, for example, family membership, environment, language background, age or gender

  VCASFC154 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Identity

• VCFRU035

  Know that French is an important global language used by communities in many countries around the world and that it has connections with several other languages

  Elaborations

  • knowing that French is spoken in many regions of the world (for example, le Québec, le Sénégal, le Maroc, la Suisse, le Monaco, la Nouvelle Calédonie), with different accents and dialects
  • understanding that French has close connections to other languages which have shared histories and many similar words, for example, English, French, Italian and Spanish (‘the bank’, la banque, la banca, el banco; ‘art’, l’art, l’arte, el arte)
  • identifying ways in which French language and culture influence the lives of Australians

  VCFRU035 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCIDU033

  Recognise that Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia and is one of many languages in the Asia-Pacific region

  Elaborations

  • understanding that Indonesian is a standardised language and is used in official contexts such as for government, the media and education and that it also borrows from other languages, often with modified spelling (for example, televisi, komputer, kursi, topi, telepon, kecap)
  • identifying examples of how Indonesian has influenced Australian English (for example, ‘sarong’, ‘gong’, ‘satay’, ‘batik’, ‘orangutan’)
  • showing awareness of Indonesian as a ‘real’ language in use in the world, one of multiple languages in the Asia-Pacific region and in the Australian community

  VCIDU033 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCJAC137

  Notice how ways of communicating and behaving reflect identity and relationships

  Elaborations

  • using digital resources to create a self-profile such as an avatar or montage to exchange with a potential Japanese friend, selecting key words and simple expressions from word banks and modelled statements that capture their sense of themselves, and comparing their choices and how they think about their identity
  • sharing ideas about their family cultures, creating visual or digital representations of their families, friendship groups and communities, and listing key terms and expressions associated with each group
  • noticing and comparing their own and one another’s ways of communicating, identifying any elements that reflect cultural differences or influences of other languages, including those from the Asia region

  VCJAC137 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDEC126

  Create imaginative texts such as simple plays, poems and stories, using formulaic expressions and modelled language as well as simple visual supports

  Elaborations

  • collaborating to create and perform a new version of a traditional or contemporary text, for example, the script of a play for the German fairy tale Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten
  • creating and performing a puppet play involving a German character and an Australian character, such as die Maus (Die Sendung mit der Maus) meeting Bananas in Pyjamas or an Igel meeting an echidna, using modelled German language
  • using digital technologies to create and illustrate short imaginative texts designed to amuse or entertain, such as Mein Traumhaus (Ich wohne in einem Schloss. Mein Schloss ist sehr alt, groβ und schön.) or fantasy stories featuring imaginary creatures
  • producing and presenting illustrated or multimodal texts using a modelled structure, for example, an acrostic poem based on their first name or Elfchen

  VCDEC126 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating