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• VCELA281

  Investigate how quoted (direct) and reported (indirect) speech work in different types of text

  Elaborations

  • investigating examples of quoted (direct) speech (‘He said, “I’ll go to the park today”’) and reported (indirect) speech (‘He told me he was going to the park today’) and comparing similarities and differences

  VCELA281 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA277

  Identify features used in imaginative, informative and persuasive texts to meet the purpose of the text, and understand how texts vary in complexity and technicality depending on the approach to the topic, the purpose and the intended audience

  Elaborations

  • becoming familiar with the typical stages and language features of such text types as: simple narrative, procedure, simple persuasion texts and information reports

  VCELA277 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA296

  Recognise homophones and know how to use context to identify correct spelling

  Elaborations

  • using meaning and context when spelling words, for example when differentiating between homophones such as ‘to’, ‘too’, ‘two’

  VCELA296 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCELA295

  Understand how to use spelling patterns and generalisations including syllabification, letter combinations including double letters, and morphemic knowledge to build word families

  Elaborations

  • using phonological knowledge (for example long vowel patterns in multi-syllabic words) and consonant clusters (for example 'straight', 'throat', 'screen', 'squawk')
  • using visual knowledge (for example diphthongs in more complex words and other ambiguous vowel sounds, as in 'oy', 'oi', 'ou', 'ow', 'ould', 'u', 'ough', 'au', 'aw'), silent beginning consonant patterns (for example 'gn' and 'kn')
  • applying generalisations, such as doubling (for example 'running') and 'e'-drop (for example 'hoping')

  VCELA295 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCELA280

  Understand how adverb groups/phrases and prepositional phrases work in different ways to provide circumstantial details about an activity

  Elaborations

  • investigating in texts how adverb group/phrases and prepositional phrases can provide details of the circumstances surrounding a happening or state (for example, ‘At midnight (time) he rose slowly (manner) from the chair (place) and went upstairs (place)’

  VCELA280 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA292

  Understand that the meaning of sentences can be enriched through the use of noun groups/phrases and verb groups/phrases and prepositional phrases

  Elaborations

  • creating richer, more specific descriptions through the use of noun groups/phrases (for example, in narrative texts, ‘their very old Siamese cat’; in reports, 'its extremely high mountain ranges')

  VCELA292 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCELA293

  Incorporate new vocabulary from a range of sources, including vocabulary encountered in research, into own texts

  Elaborations

  • building etymological knowledge about word origins (for example 'thermometer') and building vocabulary from research about technical and subject specific topics

  VCELA293 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCELA291

  Recognise how quotation marks are used in texts to signal dialogue, titles and quoted (direct) speech

  Elaborations

  • exploring texts to identify the use of quotation marks
  • experimenting with the use of quotation marks in own writing

  VCELA291 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCELA290

  Understand how texts are made cohesive through the use of linking devices including pronoun reference and text connectives

  Elaborations

  • knowing how authors construct texts that are cohesive and coherent by using pronouns that link to something previously mentioned, determiners (for example 'this', 'that', 'these', 'those', 'the'), text connectives that create links between sentences (for example 'however', 'therefore', 'nevertheless', 'in addition', 'by contrast', 'in summary')
  • identifying how participants are tracked through a text by, for example, using pronouns to refer back to noun groups/phrases
  • describing how text connectives link sections of a text providing sequences through time, for example ‘firstly’, ‘then’, ‘next’, and ‘finally’

  VCELA290 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCELA303

  Understand that Standard Australian English is one of many social dialects used in Australia, and that while it originated in England it has been influenced by many other languages

  Elaborations

  • identifying words used in Standard Australian English that are derived from other languages, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, and determining if the original meaning is reflected in English usage, for example kangaroo, tsunami, typhoon, amok, orang-utan
  • identifying commonly used words derived from other cultures

  VCELA303 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA279

  Explore the effect of choices when framing an image, placement of elements in the image, and salience on composition of still and moving images in a range of types of texts

  Elaborations

  • examining visual and multimodal texts, building a vocabulary to describe visual elements and techniques such as framing, composition and visual point of view and beginning to understand how these choices impact on viewer response

  VCELA279 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA304

  Understand that social interactions influence the way people engage with ideas and respond to others

  Elaborations

  • recognising that we can use language differently with our friends and families, but that Standard Australian English is typically used in written school texts and more formal contexts
  • recognising that language is adjusted in different contexts, for example in degree of formality when moving between group discussions and presenting a group report
  • understanding how age, status, expertise and familiarity influence the ways in which we interact with people and how these codes and conventions vary across cultures
  • recognising the importance of using inclusive language

  VCELA304 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA305

  Understand differences between the language of opinion and feeling and the language of factual reporting or recording

  Elaborations

  • identifying ways thinking verbs are used to express opinion, for example ‘I think’, ‘I believe’, and ways summary verbs are used to report findings, for example ‘we concluded’

  VCELA305 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Speaking and Listening | Language

• VCELA278

  Identify features of online texts that enhance readability including text, navigation, links, graphics and layout

  Elaborations

  • participating in online searches for information using navigation tools and discussing similarities and differences between print and digital information

  VCELA278 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Reading and Viewing | Language

• VCELA294

  Understand how to use phonic generalisations to identify and write words with more complex letter combinations

  Elaborations

  • using knowledge of complex spelling patterns to read and write words, for example 'bought'

  VCELA294 | Curriculum content | English | Level 4 | Writing | Language

• VCELC125

  Participate in shared imaginative activities and respond by acting out events, identifying favourite elements, and making simple statements about characters

  Elaborations

  • listening to, viewing and reading stories, such as Aesop’s fables, or stories by contemporary Greek authors, in a range of text types, and responding to questions about characters, themes and events
  • comparing a Greek myth or legend to myths and legends of a country of the Asia region, such as China, and highlighting the similarities and differences in characters, events and moral of the story
  • creating a timeline of the main events of a story using pictures, words and simple sentences
  • performing a scene from a Greek myth (Theseus and the Minotaur, Icarus, Hercules, Cyclops, Persephone) using simple, modelled language

  VCELC125 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating

• VCELC127

  Translate and interpret words, phrases and sentences used in familiar environments such as school and home, recognising how they may have similar or different meanings to words in English or other known languages

  Elaborations

  • playing matching games with Greek and English word cards, for example, days of the week, months, seasons or vocabulary associated with weather
  • translating simple sentences into Greek, such as requests in the classroom, to understand the gist, noticing how meaning changes when translating into English, as in the case of expressions of politeness, for example, Ένα μολύβι, παρακαλώ or Θα ήθελα ένα μολύβι, παρακαλώ (A literal translation of Μπορώ να έχω ένα μολύβι, σε παρακαλώ; would not be used in Greek.)
  • translating signs or phrases in familiar contexts from Greek into English, for example, street signs, addresses, food labels (Δελφών 30, ΟΔΟΣ ΕΡΜΟΥ, ΦΡΕΣΚΟ ΓΑΛΑ, 4€), noting that some signs and symbols are universal, for example, the ‘stop’ sign

  VCELC127 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• VCELC120

  Interact with peers and teacher to exchange personal information about everyday routines involving school and home environment

  Elaborations

  • asking and answering questions to exchange information about self and family, for example, Πού είναι ο κύριος Παναγιώτης; Να τος. Πού είναι η μαμά σου;
  • asking for and sharing information about daily and classroom routines, for example, Πού είναι το μολύβι; Εδώ. Τι μέρα είναι σήμερα; Σήμερα είναι Δευτέρα. Τι μήνας είναι; Είναι Μάρτιος, Τι ημερομηνία έχουμε σήμερα; Έχουμε 18 Μαρτίου, Ποια εποχή έχουμε; Έχουμε καλοκαίρι, Τι καιρό κάνει σήμερα; Κάνει κρύο. Bρέχει. Δε βρέχει. Ούτε κρύο, ούτε ζέστη.
  • using common responses and appropriate body language in response to frequently asked comments or questions, for example, ναι, μ’αρέσει, δε μ’αρέσει, understanding that lifting the head means ‘no’ and is used only in informal situations
  • exchanging simple correspondence such as notes, invitations or messages in print or digital form

  VCELC120 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCELC129

  Share own experiences of communicating in Greek, recognising how it involves behaviours as well as words

  Elaborations

  • identifying elements of Greek language and culture that feel different to own language and culture, including pronunciation of some sounds, gestures and facial expressions, for example, έτσι κι έτσι, μπα
  • discussing ways of communicating and their appropriateness in Greek and non-Greek contexts, for example, polite and impolite ways of indicating ‘yes’ or ‘no’ to an adult, the acceptable practice of using teachers’ first names, κυρία Άννα, κύριε Δημήτρη
  • describing to peers what they are confident about when using Greek, what they feel unsure of and what they most enjoy
  • experimenting with respectful gestures and titles, such as using titles κυρία, κύριε
  • discussing how Australian terms and expressions might be understood from a Greek perspective, for example, ‘bushwalking’, ‘kick a footy’ or ‘lamington’

  VCELC129 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCELC130

  Interact with others, noticing how identity matters, such as use of terms of address, who and what is included and what language is used

  Elaborations

  • recognising how they communicate with each other, their family, teachers and other adults, identifying differences in behaviour and language and explaining why this happens
  • reflecting on the experience of becoming bilingual or multilingual, considering what advantages this brings and whether it impacts on identity
  • creating a digital profile of aspects of their identity, for example, family, background, interests, membership of the Greek language class
  • discussing which groups they belong to, for example, family, class, learners of Greek and making connections and comparisons between own cultural perspectives and those of different cultural groups
  • interacting with teachers, other Greek speakers and class friends, and noticing aspects of speech, behaviour and actions that are the same as or different to their own

  VCELC130 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting