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• VCARC121

  Participate in collaborative tasks and shared experiences that involve planning and simple transactional exchanges, such as playing games, role-playing dialogues, and preparing and presenting group work

  Elaborations

  • asking and responding to questions in group activities such as number and memory games, for example,

    كم ورقة عندك؟ أي عدد إخترت؟ ما هي الأعداد التي تريدها؟ إخترت عدد ثمانية؛ عددي المفضل ستة؛ وصلت إلى الرقعة الثالثة؛ أنا في الخانة الأولى

  • negotiating roles for shared tasks using simple expressions such as

    ماذا عن دور الأب؟ أنت لا تقدر ان تكتب كل القصة؛ أنا اكتب النصف وأنت تكتب النصف الآخر؛ أنا دوري المشتري وأنت دورك البائع؛ هل تحب أن تكون البائع؟

  • participating in role-plays, such as buying goods from a shop, using props, for example, هل عندك حليب؟ , to engage in conversation
  • preparing, rehearsing and presenting a group activity for class or school about a familiar situation or event, using expressions such as

    اليوم سوف نقدم لكم عرضاً عن عيد الأم؛ شكراً لاستماعكم؛ أنا كامل وهذه لينا وهذا محمود؛ نرجو أن تستمتعوا بالعرض

  VCARC121 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCASFC025

  Create or adapt imaginative texts and expressive performances that feature favourite characters, amusing experiences or special effects

  Elaborations

  • performing stories for a live audience with a focus on the visual communication of emotion and humour
  • adapting an element of a familiar cartoon or story to achieve a different effect, for example by varying the use of manner
  • adapting a signed advertisement for a product popular with their age group to create a change in effect, for example by inserting additional elements, mood or characters
  • signing stories or participating in play-based activities that require the use of constructed action to represent other people’s actions, thoughts, feelings or attitudes
  • adapting key elements of a popular picture book to create a short signed performance suitable for younger children being introduced to Auslan
  • experimenting with the genre of storytelling, adapting the use of signing space and signing techniques and changing perspectives according to character
  • performing an adaptation of a humorous story with two or more characters, using elements of constructed action such as shifting eye gaze and head orientation
  • creating the next scene, a new character or an alternative ending for a signed fable, short story or cartoon
  • choreographing and performing music-less dance, focusing on matching timing, beat and rhythm
  • creating original handshape poetry to present at a school assembly or community festival
  • playing with light and shadow, handshapes and movement, for example in shadow puppet performances

  VCASFC025 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Creating

• VCASFU034

  Recognise that there is variation in Auslan use, for example in different locations or physical environments

  Elaborations

  • exploring similarities and differences in Auslan dialects through building webcam relationships with other schools or through identifying and collecting signs that differ in the ‘northern’ (NSW, Qld and ACT) and ‘southern’ (Vic., SA, WA, NT and Tas.) dialects, such as DINNER or AFTERNOON
  • recognising that variation also occurs in spoken languages and noticing some different words for the same thing in English, such as cossie/cozzie, togs or bathers
  • identifying Auslan signs or informal home signs that might be different from signs used by other people
  • considering adaptations to Auslan use when communicating in different physical environments, such as in video chats, across a large yard, or when one or both hands are occupied, for example, variations in vocabulary, size of signing space, clarity of signs, use of fingerspelling and NMFs
  • recognising variation in adaptation of signing between different users of Auslan, for example, people who are deafblind use hand-over-hand signing and tactile fingerspelling

  VCASFU034 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCASFU160

  Recognise that there is variation in Auslan use, for example in different locations or physical environments

  Elaborations

  • exploring similarities and differences in Auslan dialects through building webcam relationships with other schools or through identifying and collecting signs that differ in the northern (Qld and NSW) and southern (Vic., SA, WA and Tas.) dialects, such as DINNER or AFTERNOON
  • recognising that variation also occurs in spoken languages and noticing some different words for the same thing in English, such as cossie/cozzie, togs or bathers
  • identifying Auslan signs or informal home signs that might be different from signs used by other people
  • considering adaptations to Auslan use when communicating in different physical environments, such as in video chats, across a large yard, or when one or both hands are occupied, for example, variations in vocabulary, size of signing space, clarity of signs, use of fingerspelling and NMFs
  • recognising variation in adaptation of signing between different users of Auslan, for example, people who are deafblind use hand-over-hand signing and tactile fingerspelling

  VCASFU160 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCDEC127

  Compare aspects of German and English language, such as vocabulary, sounds and rhymes, and cultural information, and share with peers and family

  Elaborations

  • comparing and matching key words in German and English, such as names for German-speaking countries and some cities (Deutschland/Germany, Wien/Vienna) and animals
  • listening to the way animal sounds are represented in German, such as in Das kleine Küken animation, and comparing them with English and other languages, for example, Ein Hahn macht, kikeriki, ein Hund macht, wau wauʻ
  • sharing an item relating to German language and culture through the school newsletter, at an assembly or in a library display, such as an Ostereierwettbewerb and Osterbaum, or electronically displaying links to digitally produced student items such as movies or photo-text collages
  • comparing the Australian and German ways of writing a postal address, for example, in German the Hausnummer appears after the street name and the Postleitzahl appears before the suburb/town

  VCDEC127 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• VCDEC129

  Notice and describe what looks or feels similar or different to own language and culture when interacting in German

  Elaborations

  • recognising that there are similarities and differences between German and English ways of showing politeness, for example, the use of family names after Frau and Herr, responding to danke schön with bitte schön, shaking hands
  • noticing how own language use influences expectations about German language use, for example, wanting to use one word for ‘you’, and not expecting to capitalise all nouns
  • considering how aspects of own language might be understood from a German perspective, for example, culture-specific expressions such as ‘school assembly’, ‘kick a footy’, or eating ’brekky’
  • noticing that there are alternative ideas and ways of interacting to those offered by one’s own language and culture
  • exploring how language is linked to a place, time and people, and what they do together, for example, by examining the meanings and associations they make with words and expressions such as zu Hause, Pausenbrot and Spielplatz

  VCDEC129 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDEU136

  Make connections between culture and language use, for example, by identifying vocabulary and expressions that reflect cultural values, traditions or practices

  Elaborations

  • comparing terms across German-speaking cultures, for example, Liebchen/Liebling, mein Schatz, Spitznamen
  • recognising that language carries cultural ideas, for example, Sommerbeginn, which is officially 1 December in Australia but 21/22 June in Europe; hitzefrei (‘heat-free’), referring to the practice of dismissing students early from school if a certain temperature is reached or forecast; or Wald, the setting in many German fairy tales
  • recognising character traits and values, such as those of animal characters in German stories, for example, the wolf in Rotkäppchen, and comparing them with familiar Australian stories
  • learning how to communicate about culture and language using terms such as ‘meaning’, ‘difference’ and ‘behaviour’
  • discussing parallel expressions such as ‘G’day’/Tag, ‘morning tea’/Kaffeepause and ‘Bless you’/Gesundheit

  VCDEU136 | Languages | German | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCDTDI022

  Individually and with others, plan, create and communicate ideas and information safely, applying agreed ethical and social protocols

  Elaborations

  • considering ways of managing the use of social media to maintain privacy needs, for example activating privacy settings to avoid divulging personal data such as photographs, addresses and names, and recognising that all digital interactions are difficult to erase (digital footprints)
  • using a range of online tools to share information and being aware that information may be received at different times, for example adding entries to a class blog, participating in a web conference or online chat with an author, or participating in a forum on a specific topic
  • organising and creating different types of information for sharing and collaborating online, for example planning the sequence and appearance of an animation and sharing it online with students from another school
  • managing a project that involves students working together to publish online, for example identifying how group members can help each other to avoid delays in finishing the project
  • discussing digital citizenship rules and behaviours for participating in an online environment, for example not using all capital letters when expressing a strong viewpoint about a contentious matter and ensuring that the audience is aware of your identity
  • making ethical decisions when faced with reporting inappropriate online behaviour or acknowledging digital products created by others, for example making a decision based on how individuals would like to be treated by others

  VCDTDI022 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 3 and 4 | Data and Information

• VCELU135

  Understand that languages change over time and that they influence each other, recognising words in English that are derived from Greek and words in Greek that are derived from other languages

  Elaborations

  • recognising that the language used by the Ancient Greeks has developed into the Modern Greek language and that the Greek language has influenced many languages including English
  • understanding that there is the standard language called ‘Modern Greek’ as well as a number of different dialects spoken throughout Greece and the Greek diaspora
  • noticing that languages are fluid and ever-evolving and can be incorporated into and influence other languages beyond their own (for example, Ancient Greek has influenced and still influences many languages of the world)
  • viewing inscriptions on Ancient Greek tombstones (for example, from Vergina), coins (for example, from from Alexander the Great or King Philip’s reign) and vases (for example, from the Hellenistic era)
  • recognising that some words in Greek are borrowed from other languages, for example, πάρτυ, χόμπυ, μπάσκετ, κομπιούτερ
  • examining the etymology of everyday words in English which are derived from Greek morphemes/words or from Greek myths (for example, aeroplane, Ajax, history, mathematics, Nike, school, story) and discussing the extent to which this has occurred

  VCELU135 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCESC128

  Participate in collaborative tasks and experiences such as creating and presenting a display or performance and following procedures and instructions

  Elaborations

  • working together on tasks such as designing a poster for a special event, planning a puppet show, or creating menus or picture books for ‘buddy’ classes, collaborating to make decisions about content, vocabulary and design, for example, ¿Cuál quieres, ésta o ésa? Dame/toma/pásame el pegamento/la goma...
  • working with visual, print and digital modes of expression to create invitations for a party, performance or class event, for example, Querido/a amigo/a; Me gustaría invitarte a mi...... el 15 de enero ¡Te espero! ¡Nos vemos en mi casa! Gracias. Hasta pronto
  • preparing, rehearsing and conducting public presentations and performances such as an item in Spanish for school assembly or a presentation to parents
  • following procedures and instructions for shared activities, for example, following a recipe for guacamole, paper cutting decorations, making a cometa or papalote, or completing a simple science experiment such as germinating a bean

  VCESC128 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Socialising

• VCESC137

  Explore own sense of identity, for example, by discussing membership of groups such as a club, a country or a language-speaking community, and how these elements of identity are reflected in language use

  Elaborations

  • talking about their own identity and language use and creating captioned representations of their membership of clubs or groups (Voy al club de los scouts, Mi equipo es el mejor), their country (nuestro país) or language-speaking community (en mi idioma…)
  • reflecting on their experience of learning and using Spanish, considering prompt questions such as: Does this feel unfamiliar? What does this mean to me? How is this different to my usual experience?
  • creating a self-profile, using captioned photos, slide presentations, online internal school Vokis or concept maps to highlight key characteristics, relationships and ways of using language, for example, Tengo nueve años; Vivo en Sídney. Estudio chino los sábados
  • using simple words and expressions selected from word banks and modelled statements to create personal profiles that highlight key characteristics and features of identity, for example, soy chino/a y australiano/a, Hablo chino, inglés y un poco de español. Soy muy valiente

  VCESC137 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCHIU033

  Understand that the way the Hindi language is used varies according to the age, gender and background of speakers and that it involves different dialects and accents

  Elaborations

  • understanding that there is a standard form of Hindi called मानक हिंदी which is used in writing and spoken by many people, and also many spoken dialects that differ from region to region, for example, ब्रज भाषा, अवधी
  • reflecting on how they communicate with family and friends and people less close to them or in authority, noticing differences in word choice, gestures and communicative behaviour
  • comparing language used among different family members, such as grandparents, parents and siblings, noticing words that reflect status or position in the family, for example, addressing older siblings as आप rather than तुम
  • comparing language use at home and school, for example, by identifying differences in ways of thanking someone or asking for help; the use of nicknames or terms of affection such as राजा बेटा, रानी बिटिया
  • making personal connections with different language dialects spoken in regions of India, in Fiji, Mauritius and other parts of the world
  • understanding the importance of using appropriate language when interacting with different people, for example, the use of ultra-formal language such as बैठिएगा when speaking with elders or strangers

  VCHIU033 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCIDC021

  Obtain and share information from peers and texts related to family, home, routines and interests

  Elaborations

  • gathering information about activities of others, such as surveying peers about time spent on activities, for example, Berapa jam menonton televisi/membaca buku/bermain komputer/bermain olahraga/makan/belajar/tidur?
  • compiling information and reporting it to others, for example, making a shared class graph showing popular leisure activities during the year
  • comparing information about activities and practices across cultures, for example, reading, viewing or listening to texts related to aspects of school life such as timetables, canteen menus, extracurricular activities and sports
  • working in groups to obtain and use factual information from texts related to other learning areas, for example, completing a simple science experiment, naming countries and significant land features, or recording distances using geography skills

  VCIDC021 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCITC025

  Give factual information about people, objects, places and events in texts supported by graphics or illustrations

  Elaborations

  • creating texts in oral, print or digital form to provide information about:
    
    • people, for example, Ha i capelli lunghi e ricci; ha gli occhi neri; fa il farmacista; abita a Napoli;
      
    • pets and animals, for example, Mi piace … perchè … . Mangia …, Vive …;
      
    • places, for example, describing pictures and creating brochures of Italian resorts and cities (questa è Firenze; vedo il Ponte Vecchio, il fiume Arno, la cupola. È molto bella!)
      
    • events, for example, describing a party or school celebration (C’è la Coca-Cola; c’è il regalo e c’è la torta)
  • creating posters to inform others of a special event
  • planning and giving short presentations on topics such as holidays, favourite computer games or favourite playground, using a combination of language and images (for example, photos, illustrations, captions, diagrams) to report information

  VCITC025 | Languages | Italian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Informing

• VCJAU144

  Understand that the ways people use language reflect where and how they live and what is important to them

  Elaborations

  • understanding that language carries information about the people who use it and that common expressions often reflect cultural values, for example, the importance of respect for older people is reflected in terms of address in Japanese
  • exploring additional elements of ‘culture’, such as what is valued in different communities, contexts and environments, or different approaches to teaching and learning in school, understanding formulaic expressions that reflect cultural values, for example, いってきます、 いってらっしゃい、きをつけて
  • noticing how politeness and respect are conveyed in Japanese language and behaviour, such as how body language and gestures can replace language, for example, bowing as an apology or as a request to be excused
  • learning to discuss culture and language by responding to prompt questions such as ‘What do you notice?’ ‘Why do you think that …?’ ‘How is this similar / different …?’
  • identifying terms, expressions and ways of communicating associated with Australian contexts that might need explaining to Japanese children, for example, using first names when addressing adults, colloquial expressions such as ‘no worries’ or ‘footy’, and terms associated with Indigenous cultures, such as ‘the Dreaming’

  VCJAU144 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCLVC158

  Create and present real and imaginative texts suitable for a particular audience, using familiar expressions and modelled language

  Elaborations

  • creating and performing their own stories, songs and skits, incorporating non-verbal elements to enhance audience comprehension and entertainment, for example, gesture, facial and vocal expression
  • experimenting with different ways of telling stories, using a range of different texts, for example, oral texts, photo stories, e-books, dance, visual design, drawings on soft and hard surfaces
  • creating, performing and presenting imaginative texts such as skits, songs and raps, using digital techniques
  • creating real or imaginary characters, places or animals and presenting them through performance, digital display or visual representation
  • incorporating onomatopoeic sounds into written/performed texts to enrich the texts and to entertain readers/the audience
  • creating imaginative texts to entertain younger audiences, for example, audio Big Books, puppet plays, performances for the school or community, cartoons, video clips, vokis or animation, selecting language and images that enrich the visual or listening experience
  • creating shared art work (visual or performative) to tell a story, using symbols and expressive techniques appropriate to Country/Place

  VCLVC158 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCLVU172

  Identify available resources and protocols to be followed when building language

  Elaborations

  • identifying and locating available language resources suitable for language building, for example, living speakers and rememberers, visual, aural and written documents, archival material
  • identifying the existence and location of keeping places for texts and resources as language is rebuilt, for example, in the community, national archives, purpose-built interpretative centres
  • understanding that there are protocols to be followed when building language, such as consulting and involving language owners who may want to determine how the language expands into new domains of use
  • discussing potential limits and constraints of school language programs in relation to building language
  • learning about language building efforts in their community and the role of particular groups in this process, for example, by visiting the local language centre, history museum or by inviting people involved in the process to talk to the class
  • identifying language revival programs in other regions and reporting on processes used and resources developed
  • finding examples of language revival in the categories of language revitalisation, language renewal and language reclamation, and consider what these examples contribute to the processes of language building
  • understanding how language revival serves to enrich Australia’s linguistic and cultural resources

  VCLVU172 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Role of language building

• VCZHC135

  Identify common spoken Chinese expressions and discuss examples of actions, words and phrases that do not readily translate into English

  Elaborations

  • differentiating between word-by-word meaning and intended meaning when translating from Chinese into English, for example, the word-by-word translation of 我喜欢一个人看书 is ‘I like one person to read’, but it means ‘I like to read alone’
  • designing bilingual signs (characters/Pinyin/English) to post on key buildings and rooms around the school that convey short messages such as descriptions of the place or the rules in that place
  • recognising the role that gesture plays in oral interaction, including emblematic (hand) gestures, gesturing for emphasis and inclusivity, and taboos within Chinese communication, such as pointing directly at someone
  • identifying Chinese symbols in print and digital texts (for example, the longevity symbol), and developing ways to convey the culturally attached value when expressing the meaning of these symbols in English
  • comparing own translation of short texts (such as brand names, signs, slogans and billboard advertisements) to others’, and evaluating the effectiveness of own translation
  • developing strategies for using bilingual (Chinese–English and English–Chinese) dictionaries in both print and digital forms to assist with translation
  • explaining in English features of gestures used in Chinese, for example, hand gestures for numbers
  • comparing versions of a common text across languages and identifying issues in conveying meaning, for example, how to render 小心轻放 into English

  VCZHC135 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Communicating | Translating

• VCARU132

  Understand and use key grammatical forms and structures, such as basic pronouns and possessive pronouns, singular/plural forms of regular nouns and adjectives, and prepositions

  Elaborations

  • using subject–verb–object word order in simple sentences relating to home and school environment, recognising the use of the definite article and its impact on the meaning of the sentence, for example,

    أكمل وسام الدرس؛ أكمل وسام درساً؛ نظفت سماح الغرفة؛ نظفت سماح غرفةً

  • understanding and applying singular nouns and regular plural noun endings in masculine and feminine forms, for example,

    معلم- معلمون؛ معلمة - معلمات

  • using singular, second person and plural possessive pronouns to describe relationship or ownership, for example,

    هذا دفترك يا سمير؛ لينا هذه حقيبتك؛ أمي أليس هذا مفتاح سيارتك؟ أبي أين نظارتك؟ كتبهم؛ لعبكم؛ غرفنا

  • using a range of adjectives in singular and plural form to describe appearance, feelings and personalities, for example,

    أختي طويلة وأخي قصير؛ عين أخي واسعة؛ أبي طويل القامة؛ امي نحيفة الجسم؛ أنا سعيد جداً؛ أختي حزينة لأنها أضاعت كتابها المفضل؛ أمي مرحة جداً وأبي ودود وضحوك

  • using past tense verbs to recount events related to home and school contexts, for example,

    قدمت فرضي للمعلمة؛ تأخرت عن الدرس؛ نمت متأخراً؛ نسيت كتبي في البيت

  • using imperative forms of simple verbs when giving others instructions, for example,

    كلُ طعامك؛ نظّف أسنانك؛ أُكتب الجملة؛ أفتحي كتابك؛ إمسكي القلم؛ إسألي أمك

  • expressing negation in simple sentences, for example,

    لا أحب مادة العلوم

  • using adverbs of place and time to expand on expressions, for example

    إستيقظت باكراً؛ وصلت إلى المدرسة متأخراً؛ شاهدت المباراة في الملعب؛ قرأت الكتاب في مكتبة المدرسة

  • using a variety of prepositions to expand on spoken and written interactions, for example

    في وقت الفراغ؛ في العطلة؛ ذهبت من البيت إلى المدرسة؛ أثناء الغداء إتصلت بأمي

  • understanding and using simple question words in interactions, for example

    متى أتيت إلى البيت؟ من أعد لك الفطور؟؛ ماذا احضرت للغداء؟ كيف أتيت إلى المدرسة؟

  VCARU132 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 3 and 4 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCLVC155

  Gather, record and classify information from a range of sources from Country/Place, historical documents and contemporary resources

  Elaborations

  • finding out the origins of Indigenous names, for example, of streets, city parks, rivers, public institutions, social programs in their area
  • labelling, ordering and classifying natural objects from the environment according to Indigenous taxonomies
  • obtaining information from a variety of sources about the natural environment, for example, by listening to visiting respected community members, reading, viewing, consulting historical resources and photos, and presenting findings in chart, poster, table, graphic or digital form
  • reading, viewing or listening to simple texts such as posters, signs, historical documents, word lists, answering questions by selecting from options and filling in gaps
  • viewing a demonstration, for example, of cooking bush tucker, cooking in an earth oven, and recording key words/phrases related to processes associated with the collection and preparation of food
  • surveying peers and community members on different topics, for example, favourite television programs, video games, foods, football teams, sports or bands, after school activities/time spent in those activities, languages spoken; and presenting results in chart, graph or digital formats
  • labelling, drawing and matching inside and outside body parts
  • observing and reading signs of Country/Place with the guidance of respected community members/community speakers, for example, the presence of bees, dragonflies, changing colours of bark, different tracks, tides, seaweed dumps, regeneration of vegetation, special (warning) calls of birds, turtle mating, ripening of fruit, changes in the night sky; and recording these details through photos, pictures, diagrams, captions, simple descriptions and commentaries
  • classifying different types of plants/parts of plants and their uses, for example, what different parts are used for or which are poisonous, presenting findings in chart, poster, table, graphic or digital form
  • mapping Country/Place in various forms, for example, on paper, in sand or mud, labelling key topographical features and infrastructure and making simple statements about their locations in relation to other places, for example, east, west, near, far, other side of…
  • investigating and discussing where appropriate the meaning of personal and family names of Aboriginal origin
  • surveying and comparing healthy ways of eating, for example, by identifying what is available from the school canteen and listing which healthy foods they like to eat, recording and presenting results in chart, graph or digital format or by giving an oral presentation

  VCLVC155 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Communicating | Informing