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• VCLVU168

  Recognise that languages change over time

  Elaborations

  • identifying words that are the same as or similar to neighbouring languages
  • understanding ways in which languages influence one another, for example, language shifts, shared writing systems, loan words
  • discussing loan words that have been incorporated from other languages to describe new concepts, for example, words for new things, including technological innovations
  • understanding that language and culture together continually change as a result of contact with other languages and cultures

  VCLVU168 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCRAC041

  Compose and perform texts such as a skit, rap or video clip, based on a stimulus, concept or theme

  Elaborations

  • composing texts for the students' own and others’ enjoyment and interest, for example, a description of an imaginary character, animal or event
  • creating texts to share with others, for example, a commercial for a new product, a short film or rap, or a poster for an imagined event
  • experimenting with rhyme and rhythm, for example, writing a shape or acrostic poem, or a song about sport
  • performing or presenting own texts

  VCRAC041 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHU043

  Identify how character structure, position, and component sequences relate the form of a character to its particular sound and meaning

  Elaborations

  • decoding characters by analysing their structure and the number of components, and recognising familiar components
  • applying their knowledge of characters to learn to read and write new characters, and developing strategies for learning, for example, making connections between characters with a common component (你、他、们)
  • identifying different meanings of key morphemes used in different contexts, for example, 天，日，二/两，你好 versus 好玩

  VCZHU043 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VC2M5N01

  interpret, compare and order numbers with more than 2 decimal places, including numbers greater than one, using place value understanding; represent these on a number line

  Elaborations

  • making models of decimals including tenths, hundredths and thousandths by subdividing materials or grids, and explaining the multiplicative relationship between consecutive places; for example, explaining that thousandths are 10 times smaller than hundredths, or writing numbers into a place value chart to compare and order them
  • renaming decimals to assist with mental computation; for example, when asked to solve 0.6 ÷ 10 they rename 6 tenths as 60 hundredths and say, ‘If I divide 60 hundredths by 10, I get 6 hundredths’ and write 0.6 ÷ 10 = 0.06
  • using a number line or number track to represent and locate decimals with varying numbers of decimal places and numbers greater than one and justifying the placement; for example, 2.335 is halfway between 2.33 and 2.34, that is, 2.33 < 2.335 < 2.34, and 5.283 is between 5.28 and 5.29 but closer to 5.28
  • interpreting and comparing the digits in decimal measures, for example, the length or mass of animals or plants, such as a baby echidna weighing 1.78 kilograms and a platypus weighing 1.708 kilograms
  • interpreting plans or diagrams showing length measures as decimals, placing the numbers into a decimal place value chart to connect the digits to their value

  VC2M5N01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5 | Number

• VCADRR032

  Explain how the elements of drama and production elements communicate meaning by comparing drama from different social, cultural and historical contexts, including in the drama of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

  Elaborations

  • reviewing their own drama, outlining how they used elements of drama and narrative structures and the consequences of collaborative processes
  • identifying and discussing different performance styles and the portrayal of different roles and relationships in the drama
  • talking and writing about drama from other places and times and how it may contribute to their own drama, and how cultural understandings shape meanings in drama
  • identify the features of drama from different times and places, for example, investigate ways that drama created by contemporary Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander drama practitioners and drama created by contemporary drama practitioners based in a school’s/region’s sister city in Asia, communicate stories

  VCADRR032 | The Arts | Drama | Levels 5 and 6 | Respond and Interpret

• VCAMUR032

  Explain how aspects of the elements of music are combined to communicate ideas, concepts and feelings by comparing music from different cultures, times and locations, including the music of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

  Elaborations

  • reviewing one’s own music, outlining their use of performance techniques and discussing the purpose of using specific presentation and production elements
  • providing and responding to feedback to refine performances and compositions
  • talking and writing about music from other places and times and how cultural understandings shape responses to music; for example, listening to examples of contemporary music that uses Aboriginal instruments such as the didgeridoo or clap sticks and asking ‘how does this music draw on music traditions or styles from other times, cultures or locations?
  • identifying the features of music from other contexts, for example, investigate traditional and contemporary music from Asia, considering traditions, customs and conventions

  VCAMUR032 | The Arts | Music | Levels 5 and 6 | Respond and Interpret

• VCEBE010

  Make decisions, identify appropriate actions by considering the advantages and disadvantages, and form conclusions concerning an economics or business issue or event

  Elaborations

  • weighing up options involved in a decision, for example, purchasing a phone by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each available option
  • making an individual purchasing decision based on an analysis of the trade-offs involved
  • identifying the effect of consumers purchasing items from a range of sources on local businesses, for example, ‘What is the effect on the local shopping centre if consumers purchase more goods online rather than in local shops?’
  • taking action to share their findings with audiences beyond the classroom, such as presenting at a school assembly, writing a letter to the editor of the local newspaper or their local member of parliament

  VCEBE010 | The Humanities | Economics and Business | Levels 5 and 6 | Economic and Business Reasoning and Interpretation

• VCRAC036

  Collaborate with peers to plan and conduct a shared event or activity

  Elaborations

  • engaging in shared tasks which involve planning, collaborating and evaluating, for example, performing an item in the language at assembly or creating a stall for a school open day
  • organising and taking on roles with others, for example, preparing for a Language Day, writing a newsletter item, reading with another student
  • making invitations and arrangements for a shared event or experience, for example, a class party, working with another class, a visitor who speaks the language or for a film afternoon
  • participating in role-plays of purchasing goods and services, such as bargaining scenarios, buying souvenirs, or ordering food
  • exchanging currencies, noticing the respective values of each

  VCRAC036 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• Arabic - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students use spoken and written Arabic to exchange personal information and describe people, places and ideas related to their personal experiences and social activities such as celebrations for example, أذهب مع عائلتي لزيارة جدي وجدتي في الأعياد؛ في العطلة الأسبوعية, sport (f...

  Level description | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6

• Turkish - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students use spoken and written Turkish to interact by sharing ideas and experiences, for example, 23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramında ben şiir okudum. Ramazan Bayramında dedem bana harçlık verdi. When interacting, they show interest and respect for...

  Level description | Languages | Turkish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6

• Victorian Aboriginal Languages: Levels 3 to 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students use familiar language and modelled sentence patterns to share information about aspects of their personal worlds, such as their family and friends, interests, everyday routines and activities. They interact appropriately with respected community members and community...

  Level description | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 3 to 6

• VCDTDI027

  Examine how whole numbers are used as the basis for representing all types of data in digital systems

  Elaborations

  • recognising that digital systems represent all types of data using number codes that ultimately are patterns of 1s and 0s
  • explaining that binary represents numbers using 1s and 0s and these represent the on and off electrical states respectively in hardware and robotics
  • recognising that the numbers 0, 1, 2 and 3 could be represented by the patterns of two binary digits of 00, 01, 10 and 11
  • representing whole numbers in binary, for example counting in binary from zero to 15, or writing a friend’s age in binary
  • exploring how division by two can be used as a technique to determine the binary representation of any whole number by collecting remainder terms
  • representing the state of an object in a game as active or inactive using the respective binary values of 1 or 0

  VCDTDI027 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 5 and 6 | Data and Information

• VCJAU159

  Recognise the use of formulaic expressions and textual features in familiar texts such as emails, letters, postcards or telephone conversations

  Elaborations

  • recognising the order for writing the components of the date in Japanese, for example, 年(ねん)、月、日、よう日
  • understanding the significance of features of different types of texts, such as opening and closing emails, letters or phone conversations, for example, ～さんへ、～より、もしもし
  • considering how the composition of texts in different languages reflects cultural values, such as the ordering of information on Japanese ID cards or when kanji or Arabic numerals are used in Japanese texts
  • understanding conventions associated with using げんこうようし、for example, the size of small characters, the position in the square and the placing of punctuation

  VCJAU159 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCKOC153

  Describe people, places, objects and everyday routines relating to school and home environments; express feelings and share interests and preferences

  Elaborations

  • exchanging experiences of everyday life and leisure activities using –해요/했어요 as a chunk, for example, 오늘 한국어를 공부해요 / 어제 영어를 공부했어요
  • sharing experiences and feelings such as weekend activities and likes/dislikes using 나/저도 …–어/아요 and 나/저도 …–었/았어요 as set phrases, for example, 나/저도 좋아요/좋았어요,나/저도 한국어를 공부해요/공부했어요
  • interacting via different modes of communication including class blogs or wikis to exchange personal information and to express opinions, for example, … 어때요/어땠어요?
  • recounting experiences with family and friends in speaking and writing, for example, in conversations, diaries or blogs (토요일에 저는 친구하고 쇼핑했어요.제니하고 웨스트필드에 갔어요 ...)

  VCKOC153 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Socialising

• VC2M5SP02

  construct a grid coordinate system that uses coordinates to locate positions within a space; use coordinates and directional language to describe position and movement

  Elaborations

  • understanding how the numbers on the axes on a grid coordinate system are numbers on a number line and are used to pinpoint locations
  • discussing the conventions of indicating a point in a grid coordinate system; for example, writing the horizontal axis number first and the vertical axis number second, and using brackets and commas
  • comparing a grid reference system to a grid coordinate system (first quadrant only) by using both to play strategy games involving location; for example, in playing the game Quadrant Commander, deducing that in a grid coordinate system the lines are numbered (starting from zero), not the spaces
  • placing a coordinate grid over a contour line, drawing and listing the coordinates of each point in the picture, asking a peer to re-create the drawing using only the list of coordinates, and discussing the reasons for the potential similarities and differences between the 2 drawings

  VC2M5SP02 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 5 | Space

• VCRAC040

  Engage with texts such as cartoons, dialogues and fairy tales, and respond by describing aspects such as characters and actions

  Elaborations

  • recalling and/or illustrating main characters and events in texts, or, responding to questions
  • conveying understanding of plot and sequence in texts, such as by re-creating the sequence using a storyboard, labelling key events or creating a timeline
  • discussing reactions to texts such as stories, television programs and songs that reflect the contemporary values of speakers of the language (such as how to respect parents, appreciate diversity or be a good friend)
  • discussing key messages in creative texts, such as the moral of a fable/story, an idea or value in a song, or a quality of a character
  • responding to a creative text by manipulating the original text to create a new version, for example, resequencing events, adding a new element, changing the location or creating an alternative ending
  • writing a review, using modelled language, of a song, story, comic or television program

  VCRAC040 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHC038

  Create written imaginative texts, describing characters and sequencing events, using scaffolded models of texts, learnt characters or word lists for support

  Elaborations

  • experimenting with storytelling techniques by following provided models of narrative texts, for example rewriting 她有七色花，红色，蓝色，白色… and replacing 花 with 气球 and writing 她有七色气球，红色，蓝色，白色
  • using digital media to create an imaginative story to share with peers and Chinese-speaking contacts, using both language and images to achieve particular effects, for example, using 重复（很大很大的球; 走啊走啊走啊)
  • plotting a storyline, considering: Who is the main character? How can I make this character interesting to readers? How can I sequence my story to grab the reader’s attention?
  • collaborating to create alternative endings to well-known stories using learnt sequences and word lists for support

  VCZHC038 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHU160

  Explore particular cultural meanings conveyed in everyday interactions across languages

  Elaborations

  • exploring origins of 成语 and 歇后语 encountered in texts such as 朝三暮四，姜太公钓鱼, and using fixed phrases to share or convey a cultural idea in own writing, for example, 塞翁失马，笨鸟先飞
  • exploring how the languages that people know can impact on the way they communicate in other languages, for example, the use and frequency of ‘thank you’ and 谢谢 is a sign of westernisation, whereas in Chinese it is not used as often as overuse indicates distance between participants in interactions
  • exploring how cultural concepts of family and the importance of one’s sense of connection to others influence use of language, for example, in the greeting 阿姨好！ (‘Hello, Aunty!’), where ‘aunty’ may be a colleague of their mother’s and a total stranger to the child

  VCZHU160 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCELU148

  Identify and reproduce letter clusters, the digraphs/diphthongs, reproduce key features of intonation and pronunciation, experiment with the spelling of common words and apply basic punctuation rules

  Elaborations

  • applying different intonation for statements, questions, interjections, exclamations and commands, for example, Είναι εδώ, Τι κάνεις; Ποπό! Σταμάτα! Άντε! Κρίμα!
  • reading simple texts and highlighting digraphs/diphthongs, including ου, μπ, ντ, αι, ει, οι
  • applying and using accent marks on all words which have more than one syllable and on a few monosyllable words, for example, πού; πώς; ή, and recognising that the position of the accent mark can change the meaning, for example, μάτια, ματιά, γέρος, γερός
  • experimenting with spelling simple words, for example, the spelling of verbs in the first person ending in ω, verbs in the third person ending in ει, the most common noun and adjective endings including ος, ας, ης, οι, η, α, ες, ι, ο, α, plural articles οι, τα, for example, θέλω, θέλει, ο άντρας, οι άντρες, η ντομάτα, οι ντομάτες, το παιδί, τα παιδιά, καλός, καλή, καλό
  • applying phonic and grammatical knowledge to spell and write unfamiliar words
  • understanding and applying punctuation marks in writing, for example, full stop, comma, exclamation mark, apostrophe, speech marks and question mark

  VCELU148 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• Korean - F–10 Sequence: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students engage in classroom interactions to carry out collaborative tasks, to exchange information and to express feelings and ideas related to specific contexts, personal interests and daily routines at home and school. They ask and answer questions with appropriate intonation...

  Level description | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6