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• VCSSU079

  Sudden geological changes or extreme weather conditions can affect Earth’s surface

  Elaborations

  • investigating major geological events, for example, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis
  • recognising that earthquakes can cause tsunamis
  • considering the effect of drought on living and non-living aspects of the environment

  VCSSU079 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Understanding | Earth and space sciences

• VCSSU075

  The growth and survival of living things are affected by the physical conditions of their environment

  Elaborations

  • observing the growth of fungi, for example, yeast and bread mould in different temperature conditions
  • investigating how changing the physical conditions for plants impacts on their growth and survival, for example, changing salt water concentrations, using fertilisers or transferring to a different soil type
  • researching organisms that live in extreme environments, for example, Antarctica, a desert or deep sea

  VCSSU075 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Understanding | Biological sciences

• Science: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students explain how scientific knowledge is used in decision making and develops from many people’s contributions. They discuss how scientific understandings, discoveries and inventions affect peoples’ lives. They compare the properties and behaviours of solids...

  Level description | Science | Levels 5 and 6

• VCSSU073

  Scientific understandings, discoveries and inventions are used to inform personal and community decisions and to solve problems that directly affect people’s lives

  Elaborations

  • exploring objects and devices that include parts that involve the reflection, absorption or refraction of light, for example, mirrors, sunglasses and prisms
  • considering how electricity and electrical appliances have changed the way some people live
  • considering how decisions are made to grow particular plants and crops depending on environmental conditions
  • considering how guidelines help to ensure the safe use of electrical devices
  • comparing the benefits of using solid, liquid or gaseous fuels to heat a home
  • designing shelters for living things that are exposed to changed or harsh environments, for example, as a result of bushfire or displacement

  VCSSU073 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Understanding | Science as a human endeavour

• VCSSU077

  Changes to materials can be reversible, including melting, freezing, evaporating, or irreversible, including burning and rusting

  Elaborations

  • investigating the three changes of state in water
  • investigating irreversible changes, for example, rusting, burning and cooking
  • exploring how reversible changes can be used to recycle materials

  VCSSU077 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Understanding | Chemical sciences

• VCSSU080

  Light from a source forms shadows and can be absorbed, reflected and refracted

  Elaborations

  • classifying materials as transparent, opaque or translucent based on the extent to which light passes through them or is absorbed
  • exploring the use of mirrors to demonstrate the reflection of light
  • recognising the refraction of light at the surfaces of different transparent materials, for example, when light travels from air to water or air to glass
  • recognising that the colour of an object depends on the properties of the object and the colour of the light source

  VCSSU080 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Understanding | Physical sciences

• VCSIS084

  Decide which variables should be changed, measured and controlled in fair tests and accurately observe, measure and record data

  Elaborations

  • discussing in groups how investigations can be made as fair as possible
  • using tools and digital technologies to accurately measure objects and events in investigation and exploring which tools provide the most accurate measurements
  • using digital technologies to make accurate measurements and record data

  VCSIS084 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Inquiry Skills | Planning and conducting

• Science: Levels 5 and 6 description

  In Levels 5 and 6, the curriculum focus is on recognising questions that can be investigated scientifically and undertaking investigations. Students explore how changes can be classified in different ways. Students are introduced to cause-and-effect relationships that relate to form and function...

  Level description | Science

• VCSSU081

  Energy from a variety of sources can be used to generate electricity; electric circuits enable this energy to be transferred to another place and then to be transformed into another form of energy

  Elaborations

  • recognising the need for a complete circuit to allow the flow of electricity
  • exploring circuit features, for example, wires and switches, and electrical devices, for example, light globes, LEDs and motors
  • investigating different electrical conductors and insulators
  • investigating how moving air and water can turn turbines to generate electricity
  • investigating how solar panels can generate electricity

  VCSSU081 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Understanding | Physical sciences

• VCSSU076

  Solids, liquids and gases behave in different ways and have observable properties that help to classify them

  Elaborations

  • exploring the way solids, liquids and gases change under different situations, for example, heating and cooling
  • observing that gases have mass and take up space, demonstrated by using balloons or bubbles
  • recognising that not all substances can be easily classified as solids, liquids or gases on the basis of their observable properties

  VCSSU076 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Understanding | Chemical sciences

• VCSIS087

  Suggest improvements to the methods used to investigate a question or solve a problem

  Elaborations

  • working collaboratively to identify where testing was not fair and suggesting how fairness could be improved
  • identifying improvements to investigation methods, and discussing how these improvements would affect the quality of the data obtained

  VCSIS087 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Inquiry Skills | Analysing and evaluating

• VCSIS082

  With guidance, pose questions to clarify practical problems or inform a scientific investigation, and predict what the findings of an investigation might be based on previous experiences or general rules

  Elaborations

  • exploring a range of questions that can be asked about a problem or phenomena and, with guidance, identifying those questions that could be investigated by students
  • refining questions to enable scientific investigation
  • applying experience from previous investigations to predict the outcomes of investigations in new contexts

  VCSIS082 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Inquiry Skills | Questioning and predicting

• VCSIS083

  With guidance, plan appropriate investigation types to answer questions or solve problems and use equipment, technologies and materials safely, identifying potential risks

  Elaborations

  • following a given procedure to design an experimental or field investigation
  • experiencing a range of ways of investigating questions, including experimental testing, creating models, internet research, field observations, simulations and trial and error methods
  • discussing the advantages and disadvantages of certain types of investigation for answering certain types of questions
  • discussing possible hazards involved in conducting investigations, and how these risks can be reduced

  VCSIS083 | Science | Levels 5 and 6 | Science Inquiry Skills | Planning and conducting