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• VCIDU047

  Understand how to express actions and events in time and place using prepositions, and continue to expand knowledge of ber- verbs and vocabulary

  Elaborations

  • referring to people and things using pronouns (for example, kami, kita, kamu semua paman, bibi, sepupu, ibu tiri) and concrete nouns, such as those related to food and drink (for example, sambal, rendang, es kelapa muda), and indicating possession using -nya, mereka, kami/kita
  • describing locations, for example, kota, restoran, bioskop, warung, pasar
  • referring to relationships between people and things using prepositions, for example, untuk, kepada
  • describing actions using ber- verbs (for example, berselancar, berbicara) and me- verbs, for example, menonton, melihat, menjual, mendengarkan, membeli, memakai
  • knowing how to direct others using imperatives (for example, jangan, dilarang) and invite others using polite forms, for example, -lah, Silahkan
  • seeking information and explanation using question words, for example, Berapa lama? Untuk apa?, Dengan siapa?, Dengan apa?
  • describing character and qualities using adjectives, for example, menarik, bosan, enak, bodoh, pandai, rajin, nakal, mahal, murah, sakit, capai, segar
  • indicating location in time using pada and place using di and atas, dalam, belakang
  • describing frequency using adverbs, for example, selalu, sering, kadang-kadang
  • creating cohesion using conjunctions, for example, lalu, sebelum, sesudah
  • expressing reactions with exclamations, for example, kasihan!, hebat!, asyik!
  • comparing and evaluating using comparatives and superlatives, for example, lebih…daripada, paling…
  • extending subject-focus construction by adding preposition or adverb to subject-verb-object word order, for example, Saya menonton film di bioskop, Pada hari Minggu saya berselancar dengan bapak di pantai

  VCIDU047 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCJAC155

  Discuss the experience of speaking and interacting in a different language, what they understand by ‘identity’, and whether learning Japanese has any effect on their sense of self

  Elaborations

  • identifying elements of identity that are important across all cultures, for example, family, community, location
  • creating multimodal texts that represent elements of their own identity, such as personal emblems/mottos, self-profile, photo journal, or caricature/self-portrait, and considering how Japanese children of the same age might respond to these
  • exploring the idea of stereotypes and how people think about others from different cultural backgrounds
  • practising formulaic expressions such as those exchanged before and after meals or when giving or receiving gifts or food, for example, いただきます、ごちそうさまでした, and reflecting on the experience of using such exchanges
  • considering whether learning and using Japanese impacts on their sense of identity or influences their behaviour in or out of the classroom, for example, when playing Japanese games online, eating in Japanese restaurants and reading signs or menus

  VCJAC155 | Languages | Japanese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCVIU152

  Understand and use basic grammatical structures and explore a range of nouns, adjectives, adverbs, verbs and conjunctions, to express opinions, actions and events in time and place

  Elaborations

  • applying basic sentence structure in spoken and written texts, for example, subject + predicate, and understanding the grammatical function in sentences of adjectives, nouns, verbs and adverbs
  • using different types of compound words, for example, nhà cửa, đường phố, trường lớp, anh chị em, and understanding how they are formed, for example, trường + học = trường học; học + hành = học hành
  • using adverbs and adjectives to expand and elaborate meaning in sentences, for example, (hát) hay, (học) giỏi, (làm việc) nhanh nhẹn/chậm chạp and (người con) ngoan ngoãn/có hiếu, (căn phòng) sạch sẽ/ngăn nắp
  • exploring a range of comparative and superlative forms of adjectives, for example, đẹp, đẹp hơn, đẹp nhất
  • extending vocabulary by learning and using reduplicative words, for example, nho nhỏ, to to, đo đỏ
  • exploring and using synonyms, for example to, lớn, nhỏ, bé, siêng năng, chăm chỉ, and antonyms, for example, tốt ≠ xấu, mới ≠ cũ, ngày ≠ đêm, nóng ≠ lạnh, hiền ≠ dữ, giàu ≠ nghèo
  • expanding use of verbs to express actions, for example, Tôi chơi đá banh, and feelings, for example, Tôi cảm thấy vui khi được cô khen; and imperative forms, for example, Im lặng! Nghe cô giảng bài!
  • using conjunctions to link words, phrases or sentences, for example, và, với, hay, tại vì, hoặc, tuy, nhưng

  VCVIU152 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCVIU153

  Understand the structure and language features of familiar texts such as recipes, recounts, narratives, procedures, emails and stories, recognising that linguistic choices depend on purpose, context and audience

  Elaborations

  • identifying and comparing the language features of different text types, such as descriptive language in narratives or persuasive language in advertisements, and making connections between these features and the purpose of the text, for example, the use of descriptive language to entertain, or emotive language to persuade
  • identifying the context, purpose and audience of a range of imaginative, procedural, persuasive or informative texts, such as stories, recipes, advertisements and news reports
  • identifying the context, audience, purpose and structural features of short familiar texts in Vietnamese, such as messages, notes, signs, instructions, personal emails/letters, diary entries/blog posts, advertisements, announcements, recipes, stories, songs and poems
  • recognising structural features of familiar personal, informative and imaginative Vietnamese texts, for example, dates on diary entries and letters, greetings in emails or conversations, and titles of stories
  • discussing ways in which different sets of vocabulary are seen in different contexts, for example, the use of imperatives in a set of instructions (Đứng lên! Ngồi xuống! Mở tập ra! Nghe và lặp lại), the frequent use of time and place markers (ngày xửa ngày xưa, hôm qua, hôm nay, ngày mai, tuần tới) in narratives, the types of adjectives (đẹp, tốt, bền, tiện lợi) seen in advertisements, and personal pronouns (ông, bà, tôi, anh, chị, em) in everyday conversations
  • understanding how to create textual cohesion by using elements such as adverbs of sequence for example, thứ nhất, thứ nhì, trước tiên, kế đến, rồi, sau cùng, and conjunctions, for example, và, với, hay, hoặc, vì, nhưng, to sequence and link ideas

  VCVIU153 | Languages | Vietnamese | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCHHK096

  Significant contributions of individuals and groups, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and migrants, to changing Australian society

  Elaborations

  • examining population data that show the places of birth of Australia’s people at one or more points of time in the past and today
  • investigating the role of specific cultural groups in Australia’s economic and social development, for example, the cattle industry, the Snowy Mountains Scheme, the pearling industry
  • considering notable individuals in Australian public life across a range of fields, for example, the arts, science, sport, education, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, a range of cultural and social groups

  VCHHK096 | The Humanities | History | Levels 5 and 6 | Historical Knowledge | Australia as a nation

• Critical and Creative Thinking: Levels 5 and 6 description

  In Levels 5 and 6, the curriculum focuses on developing the knowledge, skills and understanding to test the strength of thinking. Students develop their capacity to deliberately manage their thinking. Students explore common errors that can occur in thinking.

  Level description | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking

• VCASFU050

  Understand that the starting point of a clause gives prominence to the message, that clauses can be linked equally or unequally with conjunctions and connectives, and that signers can show as well as tell about an event to provide more detail

  Elaborations

  • recognising that quantifiers such as FEW or THERE are also types of adjective signs
  • recognising that some adverbs modify adjectives, not verbs, for example VERY and that these modifications to adjectives can also be expressed with NMFs, for example changes in mouth patterns and movement of signs can intensify adjectives, for example, RED -_really, PLEASED -_really, TALL -_really
  • distinguishing between the citation form of a sign and the adverbial NMF overlaid and what meaning each part carries, for example: MAN SPRINT (base form), MAN SPRINT_-fast (manner added)
  • recognising how conjunctions such as PLUS, IF or BUT are used to join clauses and create cohesion
  • recognising that clauses can be linked equally, for example:
    STUDENT BORED, TRY FOCUS
    The student was bored and tried to focus.
    
  • or unequally, where one clause depends on another, for example:
    I-F BORED, OPEN-BOOK READ
    If you are bored, read a book.
    
  • recognising that the element of a clause that a signer wants to focus on most in Auslan is sometimes moved to be signed first and that this process of topicalisation involves particular NMFs
  • noticing that word order within a clause is freer in Auslan than in English and that parts of a clause can be signed simultaneously, making it hard to establish word order
  • realising that in many clauses signers ‘tell’ with fully-lexical signs at the same time as ‘show’ with DS, CA and other gestural elements
  • recognising that some nouns are not signed overtly in a clause, for example in the clauses below, the noun (the swimmer) is given in the first clause but not repeated in the second
    PRO2 SWIM DETERMINED SWIM, NOT WIN
    You swam really hard but you didn’t win.
    

  VCASFU050 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFU175

  Understand that signs can include different information, including a gestural overlay, identify types of depicting signs and how signers establish spatial locations and show constructed action

  Elaborations

  • recognising that Auslan has fully-lexical signs that are in the dictionary and have a standard handshape, movement and location, and partly-lexical signs that cannot be listed in a dictionary in all forms as they change their form each time they are signed, such as DSs
  • noticing that fully- and partly-lexical signs can include grammatical information not included in a ‘citation’ form, for example, the sign TELL-_me is not listed separately to TELL (towards neutral space) and GO-TO includes GO-TO-_often
  • identifying where a signer has established a location in space (for example, through points, non-body-anchored signs, fingerspelled words or verb movement changes)
  • recognising that signers must make explicit which referent is associated with a location
  • identifying examples of each type of DS in an Auslan text: entity DSs, handling DSs and SASS DSs
  • learning that the function of CA is to represent the words, thoughts or actions of a protagonist in a text, either themselves or another
  • knowing that in CA a signer can shift into the role of another, or themselves at a different time, through eye gaze change, body shift, head orientation change, and matching facial expressions

  VCASFU175 | Languages | Auslan | Second Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCELA354

  Understand how to use banks of known words, word origins, base words, prefixes, suffixes, spelling patterns and generalisations to spell new words, including technical words and words adopted from other languages

  Elaborations

  • adopting a range of spelling strategies to recall and attempt to spell new words
  • using a dictionary to correct own spelling

  VCELA354 | Curriculum content | English | Level 6 | Writing | Language

• VCICCD012

  Examine and discuss the variety of ways in which people understand and appreciate differing cultural values and perspectives, and the things which promote or inhibit effective engagement with diverse cultural groups

  Elaborations

  • examining laws that help to ensure that cultural difference is not a barrier to inclusion in society, for example, the Racial Discrimination Act 1975
  • discussing ways in which the school incorporates multicultural, anti-racism, and human rights perspectives into school practices, for example through inclusive classroom practices
  • exploring ways that people can gain a deeper knowledge and understanding of other cultural customs, for example, through historical sources, language learning, travelling abroad, art works or music
  • using a peer-to-peer interview to explore student understandings about how cultural institutions, such as museums or galleries, present different cultural perspectives
  • providing opportunities for students to explore and reflect on their learning about different cultural groups through journal prompts, such as ‘One interesting thing I now know is that…’ and ‘I am still curious about…’ and ‘One way I could satisfy my curiosity would be to…’

  VCICCD012 | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 5 and 6 | Cultural Diversity

• VCKOU165

  Understand and use aspects of the Korean grammatical system such as verb conjugations, suffixes, some particles, basic conjunctions and the honorific system, building a metalanguage to talk about basic grammatical features in Korean

  Elaborations

  • expressing simple events occurring in the past using –었/았–, for example, 캔버라에 살았어요
  • making simple negation using 안 and 못, for example, 비가 안 와요, 김치를 못먹었어요
  • expressing events occurring in sequence by using:
    • conjunctive adverbs such as 그리고 at the beginning of thesecond of two sentences, for example, 밥을 먹어요. 그리고 운동해요
    • a conjunctive suffix (clausal connective) in a coordinative structure –고, for example, 밥을 먹고 운동해요
  • using particles –하고 (as a meaning of ‘together with’) and–에서, for example, 친구하고 쇼핑했어요, 학교에서 공부해요
  • using a structure, a noun + –(으)로, as a set phrase and understanding the meaning of the particle–(으)로, for example, 펜으로 쓰세요. 한국어로 뭐예요?
  • using the complex structures –(으)ㄴ/는 것 같다 and –도 되다 in the informal polite style ending –‍어/아요 to express opinions and give/request permission, for example, 맞는 것 같아요; 가도 돼요?
  • using question words to ask about reasons and prices in set phrases 왜요? and 얼마예요? and asking about states, feelings or opinions using 어때요, for example, 영화가 어땠어요?
  • recognising the formal polite ending –ㅂ/습니다 and the intimate ending –어/아, 해, and understanding the different contexts where different levels of politeness and formality are indicated by verb endings, for example, 미안합니다/미안해요/미안해
  • recognising how word ordersare different and syntactic functions are realised differently in simple sentences in Korean and English, for example,‘저는 (subject) 사과를 (object) 먹어요 (verb)’ versus ‘I (subject) eat (verb) an apple (object)’

  VCKOU165 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Understanding | Systems of language

• English: Level 6 achievement standards - Reading and Viewing

  By the end of Level 6, students understand how to use knowledge of phonics when decoding familiar words and the technical or derived words in increasingly complex texts. They understand how the use of text structures can achieve particular effects and can analyse and explain how language features...

  Level description | English | Level 6 | Reading and Viewing

• Ethical Capability: Levels 5 and 6 description

  In Levels 5 and 6, the curriculum focuses on developing the knowledge, skills and understandings to evaluate the significance of ethical matters. Students explore the basis of a range of ethical principles and reflect on means and ends. Students consider decision-making approaches based on thinking...

  Level description | Capabilities | Ethical Capability

• Intercultural Capability: Levels 5 and 6 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 6, students demonstrate an understanding of how beliefs and practices can be influenced by culture and explain how intercultural experiences can influence beliefs and behaviours.

  Students identify the barriers to and means of reaching understandings within and between culturally...

  Level description | Capabilities | Intercultural Capability | Levels 5 and 6

• VCCCTR027

  Examine the difference between valid and sound arguments and between inductive and deductive reasoning, and their degrees of certainty

  Elaborations

  • exploring the link between probability and inductive reasoning, for example when conducting chance experiments
  • discussing how predictions in science can be based on inductive reasoning, for example making predictions based past observations; or deductive reasoning, for example making predictions based on general rules
  • investigating how an argument can be logically valid but not sound for example All gladiators were men, the person in this historical source is a female, therefore, the person could not have been a gladiator, when some gladiators were female (premise one is false) and the person in the picture was actually male (premise two is false)
  • examining the distinction between sound and valid arguments in the context of a topic such as stereotyping; for example ‘All boys can run faster than girls, we only need fast runners for this team, therefore boys should be picked for this team’

  VCCCTR027 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 5 and 6 | Reasoning

• VCIDC038

  Locate, classify and compare factual information from texts about aspects of daily life and significant events across cultures

  Elaborations

  • identifying information in texts such as advertisements, conversations, brochures and announcements, and sharing this information with others in another format, for example, presenting a chart of favourite television programs or computer games
  • reading texts and extracting key points about an issue or topic (such as housing, living in the city or a rural area, types of activities for young people and their daily routines), and discussing information with peers, Anak itu tinggal di kampung…
  • reading, viewing and listening to texts to research information about concepts related to other learning areas such as the Arts, Humanities and Science
  • identifying and comparing perspectives about information in spoken and written texts , for example, Apakah informasi ini benar?, Informasi ini dari mana?, Siapa yang menulis teks ini?, Berapa orang setuju?

  VCIDC038 | Languages | Indonesian | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• VCKOC156

  Listen to, view and read texts for specific information drawn from a range of sources relating to social and cultural worlds in different times, places and communities, and to different learning areas

  Elaborations

  • identifying information in texts such as advertisements, conversations, brochures and announcements, and sharing this information with others in another format, for example, presenting a chart of favourite television programs or computer games
  • reading texts and extracting key points about an issue or topic (such as weather, types of activities for young people, daily routines), and sharing information with peers, for example, 날씨가 어때요? 비가 와요; 언제 만나요? 내일 두 시에 만나요
  • reading, viewing and listening to texts to collect information about concepts related to other learning areas such as the arts, humanities and science
  • identifying and comparing perspectives represented in spoken and written informative texts, for example, 누가 썼어요/말했어요? ...이/가 맞는 것 같아요? 왜 맞아요?

  VCKOC156 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 5 and 6 | Communicating | Informing

• English: Level 6 achievement standards - Writing

  Students understand how language features and language patterns can be used for emphasis. They show how specific details can be used to support a point of view. They explain how their choices of language features and images are used. They use banks of known words and the less familiar words they...

  Level description | English | Level 6 | Writing

• VCMMG230

  Introduce the Cartesian coordinate system using all four quadrants

  Elaborations

  • understanding that the Cartesian plane provides a graphical or visual way of describing location

  VCMMG230 | Mathematics | Level 6 | Measurement and Geometry | Location and transformation

• English: Level 6 achievement standards - Speaking and Listening

  Students listen to discussions, clarifying content and challenging others’ ideas. They understand how language features and language patterns can be used for emphasis. They show how specific details can be used to support a point of view. They explain how their choices of language features and...

  Level description | English | Level 6 | Speaking and Listening