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• VCHPEP130

  Plan and use strategies and resources to enhance the health, safety and wellbeing of their communities

  Elaborations

  • investigating preventive health practices relevant to young people, and designing and implementing health promotion activities targeting these practices
  • investigating food-serving recommendations from The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating and producing a guide to help students make healthy choices when buying food from the school canteen
  • examining how different cultures value the contribution of the mind-body-spirit connection to health and wellbeing

  VCHPEP130 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 7 and 8 | Personal, Social and Community Health | Contributing to healthy and active communities

• VCNRU102

  Identify connections between language, culture and communication, recognising how communication styles and practices vary across cultures and how intercultural exchange involves the exchange of meaning as well as words

  Elaborations

  • investigating own personal and community practices to identify connections with the target language and culture, for example, in cooking, sport, music, dance or technology
  • discussing elements of culture and their significance in reflecting values, attitudes and traditions
  • discussing, questioning and explaining understanding of own and other cultures, and considering how attitudes towards diversity and difference affect communication
  • examining culturally specific terms developing appropriate explanations for them and discussing equivalent terms in other languages

  VCNRU102 | Capabilities | Personal and Social Capability | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCRAC095

  Interact with peers and texts, noticing what and how language is being used, and considering own reactions and how these relate to own language and culture

  Elaborations

  • participating in intercultural experiences, including viewing (online) videos or television programs, noticing what is confusing, surprising or 'strange', corresponding with peers in a region where the language is spoken, such as through email, shared digital spaces or video, comparing topics of interest, language choices and expressions
  • observing interactions between speakers, noticing similarities and differences in politeness and etiquette
  • recording features of language use, such as by keeping a journal about how language reflects cultural concepts and values
  • developing a language for describing personal reactions to and feelings about intercultural experiences

  VCRAC095 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCRAU102

  Notice connections between language and culture in intercultural language use, recognising how words and expressions may be culture-specific

  Elaborations

  • noticing that some words are culture-specific such as language associated with particular artefacts and the physical environment
  • recognising that some expressions are related to cultural practices such as eating or celebrations
  • comparing how languages reflect values such as those related to personal attributes, physical appearance and behaviour
  • recognising interconnections between own language and culture such as vocabulary and expressions related to people, lifestyle and environment, for example, ‘barbecue’, ‘thongs’, ‘bathers/togs/swimmers’, ‘no worries’

  VCRAU102 | Languages | Roman Alphabet Languages | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCZHU202

  Explain the phonological and tonal features of Chinese, including variations in tone, stress and phrasing in diverse settings

  Elaborations

  • recognising the value of Pinyin romanisation to assist in distinguishing and analysing differences in spoken Chinese, to generate digital texts and to develop understanding of sound–symbol correspondences in characters
  • identifying subtle differences in pronunciation in spoken Chinese, including variations in regional accents, especially in speakers of other dialects, for example, distinguishing between ‘qing’ and ‘qin’, ‘lou’ and ‘rou’, ‘liang’ and ‘lang’, ‘shi’ and ‘si’, ‘lan’ and ‘nan’
  • developing tone discrimination and exploring the impact of tone choice, including tone sandhi, on the meanings expressed in speech, for example, ‘mǎi’ and ‘mài’, ‘bùqù’ and ‘búqù’

  VCZHU202 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCCCL022

  Explain how Australia’s legal system aims to provide justice, including through the rule of law, presumption of innocence, burden of proof, right to a fair trial and right to legal representation

  Elaborations

  • discussing the role of the Magna Carta in establishing the principle of a fair trial
  • discussing the elements of a 'fair trial', including citizens' roles as witnesses and jurors
  • exploring how Australians can receive access to justice and legal representation, such as through legal aid
  • discussing the meaning and importance of the rule of law, presumption of innocence, and burden of proof

  VCCCL022 | The Humanities | Civics and Citizenship | Levels 7 and 8 | Laws and Citizens

• VCGGK122

  The causes and consequences of urbanisation, drawing on a study from Indonesia

  Elaborations

  • discussing urbanisation as a shift in where, how and why people live where they do
  • exploring the connections between urbanisation and economic and social opportunities
  • examining how urbanisation can affect environmental quality. For example, carbon emissions and water consumption

  VCGGK122 | The Humanities | Geography | Levels 7 and 8 | Geographical Knowledge | Changing nations

• VCHPEM140

  Evaluate and justify reasons for decisions and choices of action when solving movement challenges

  Elaborations

  • explaining and justifying the movement concepts and strategies selected in response to movement challenges
  • demonstrating to others the approach taken to solve movement challenges
  • identifying factors that enabled them to achieve success in movement activities and explaining how these factors can be transferred to other learning contexts

  VCHPEM140 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 7 and 8 | Movement and Physical Activity | Learning through movement

• VCHPEM135

  Practise, apply and transfer movement concepts and strategies

  Elaborations

  • examining and demonstrating the similarities of strategies used in different physical activities and how they can be transferred to new movement situations
  • exploring similarities in the bases of support and flow of movements when performing movement sequences
  • selecting previously successful strategies and applying the most appropriate when solving new movement challenges

  VCHPEM135 | Health and Physical Education | Levels 7 and 8 | Movement and Physical Activity | Moving the body

• VCCCTQ034

  Synthesise information from multiple sources and use lateral thinking techniques to draw parallels between known and new solutions and ideas when creating original proposals and artefacts

  Elaborations

  • identifying how scientists collaborate and may use natural forms as an inspiration to solve a problem, for example using the structure of humpback whale fins to develop and improve wind turbines
  • creating a set of words and images of simple objects that can be shuffled, selected at random and linked to the problem at hand, to stimulate thinking when experiencing a creativity block
  • discussing how acquiring data from a range of sources can improve the range of proposed digital solutions
  • investigating the similarities between algorithms used for different purposes, and synthesising this information into a more general algorithm for broader applications

  VCCCTQ034 | Capabilities | Critical and Creative Thinking | Levels 7 and 8 | Questions and Possibilities

• VC2M7ST01

  acquire data sets for discrete and continuous numerical variables and calculate the range, median, mean and mode; make and justify decisions about which measures of central tendency provide useful insights into the nature of the distribution of data

  Elaborations

  • understanding that summarising data by calculating measures of centre can help make sense of the data, commenting on skewness or symmetry of data and the use of mean and median as representative measures
  • comparing the mean, median, mode and range of displays of data from a given context, and explaining how outliers may affect summary statistics
  • recognising how different data sets can have the same measures of central tendency and experimenting with how varying data affects these measures
  • acquiring continuous numerical data by taking measurement samples during a science experiment, observation or field study, comparing measures of central tendency and identifying any anomalies in the distribution of data

  VC2M7ST01 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 7 | Statistics

• VCASFU107

  Develop awareness of the sociocultural context, nature and status of Auslan and of the Deaf community in Australia and the impact of this on language change

  Elaborations

  • identifying where and when different people learnt to sign and whether they are from deaf or hearing families
  • exploring and providing possible explanations for variation in Auslan fluency among their classmates and members of the Deaf community
  • understanding the nature of the transmission of Auslan, for example, how in most cases Auslan is not passed on from parent to child, but from child to child (horizontal language transmission) or to children by deaf adults outside the family
  • investigating the use of digital technology/communication by Auslan users, for example, social media, SMS/texting and NRS and VRS, discussing how these modes of communication impact on accessibility and communication for members of the Deaf community
  • considering ways that Auslan is evolving due to different influences, including the capacity for new technologies to store, record and share sign languages
  • discussing the degree to which their classroom/school is an Auslan-accessible and Deaf-friendly environment, and how this might be further enhanced
  • investigating how Auslan and Deaf culture are promoted in the wider community, for example through the influence of organisations such as Deaf Australia, high-profile individuals such as activists or actors or events such as NWDP, Deaf festivals, Australian Deaf Games or Deaf art exhibitions

  VCASFU107 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language awareness

• VCITU112

  Analyse and understand the dynamic nature of the Italian language, and of languages in general

  Elaborations

  • exploring the influence of technological change on the Italian language, such as:
    
    • the borrowing and adapting of technical terms, for example, cliccare, il mouse, la password, chattare
      
    • observing the changes to language when used in abbreviated forms in multimedia communications, for example, 6 = sei, x = per, + = più, - = meno, TVTB = ti voglio tanto bene, ke = che
      
    • understanding the influence of other cultures on Italian, for example, the use of borrowed words such as il make-up, il bebé, un tailleur, il wurstel, il krapfen
      
    • recognising that Italian is used in diverse communities and that it changes in response to local cultural contexts

  VCITU112 | Languages | Italian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Language variation and change

• VCGRCE003

  Listen to and read Classical Greek texts, such as stories, myths and plays; share reactions and make connections with characters, events, actions, settings and key emotions

  Elaborations

  • listening to and reading texts, such as stories about life in the city/country, legends or myths, for example, Theseus and the Minotaur, and responding to questions in English relating to content and context
  • recognising recurring characters, settings and themes in texts, drawing on previous knowledge and experiences to make connections with the narrative
  • discussing how scenes and characters are depicted in texts, such as through imagery or conversations, for example, in short plays, dialogues, retelling of well-known myths and legends
  • discussing language features that encourage the audience to respond in particular ways, for example, the use of repetition (πόλεμος αἴρεται, πόλεμος οὐ φατὸς πρὸς ἐμὲ καὶ θεούς), alliteration (τυφλὸς τά τ᾽ ὦτα τόν τε νοῦν τά τ᾽ ὄμματ᾽ εἶ), assonance (κατῆγεν ἦγεν ἐς μέλαν πέδον), onomatopoeia (αἰάζω, σίζω, δοῦπος, κλαγγή)
  • recognising that writers use different text structures and formats for specific purposes and effects, for example, change of focus, a story within a story, plot tension
  • identifying and discussing the techniques writers use to achieve specific effects, such as the use of antithesis to create humour or surprise, for example, ὁ μὲν διδάσκαλος πονεῖ, οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ καθεύδουσιν

  VCGRCE003 | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 7 and 8 | Engaging with texts | Responding to texts

• VCZHU091

  Identify how character structure, position and component sequences relate the form of a character to its particular sound and meaning

  Elaborations

  • learning the number, nature and sequence of strokes; exploring the range of stroke types used in characters; learning to write with a focus on stroke direction and order, and on balance and proportion within the square
  • comparing writing across languages, recognising differences in stroke sequences and word formation (letter strings versus character squares), word spacing, punctuation and text direction
  • learning the origins and features of components encountered in characters, and analysing the formation of characters, including recognising the frequency and positioning of common components (for example, 人、女、日、月) and their function or relationship to a compound character, for example, 人 in 他、认、从
  • decoding characters by analysing their structure and the number of components, and recognising familiar components
  • applying their knowledge of characters to learn to read and write new characters, and developing strategies for learning, for example, making connections between characters with a common component (你、他、们)
  • identifying contextual meanings of key morphemes in diverse contexts, for example, 天，日，二/两，你好 versus 好玩
  • identifying the relationships between the meaning of individual morphemes in words and exploring how these morphemes apply in a wider range of word contexts
  • explaining the use of common suffixes (子、里、面) and key morphemes (电、家、物、机)
  • understanding how new concepts are interpreted in Chinese by analysing the nature of technology-related terms expressed in Chinese, for example, 电脑、短信、博客

  VCZHU091 | Languages | Chinese | Second Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCASFC058

  Investigate and synthesise information collected from a range of perspectives and sources, identifying how culture and context affect how information is presented

  Elaborations

  • summarising ideas and information included in presentations by deaf visitors
  • collecting and summarising information on a selected topic sourced from different contexts, considering how context affects presentation of data
  • viewing Auslan texts that present different views on an issue of relevance to their age group, such as cochlear implants or social inclusion, considering how context and culture shape perspectives
  • researching information relating to deaf political movements at different times and in different contexts, drawing comparisons with current deaf organisations, such as the Deaf President Now movement and recruitment of Deaf CEOs
  • surveying peers or members of their family/community on topics related to deafness and the use of Auslan, discussing how commentaries they collect reflect different viewpoints and cultural perspectives
  • collecting information from texts such as interviews, documentaries or presentations to use in new forms, for example, to create a profile of notable Deaf Australians, such as Alastair McEwin, Nola Colefax, Colin Allen or Drisana Levitzke-Gray
  • paraphrasing and evaluating segments of recorded interviews with deaf artists on social media talking about their experience and artistic practice, for example, Deaf Arts Network

  VCASFC058 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCESC166

  Analyse and summarise key ideas and information from a variety of texts on a range of topics

  Elaborations

  • engaging with texts such as magazine articles, interviews and websites to gather and represent facts about events or people, for example, using a timeline to sequence historical events or creating a profile of a famous Spanish-speaking person
  • using a range of tools such as charts, tables, mind maps and graphs to organise and present information accessed from sources such as television programs, reports, interviews, video clips, documentaries and social networks on topics of relevance to their age group, for example, El trabajo infantil no debe continuar. La importancia del reciclaje para el medio ambiente
  • summarising key points in different types of informative texts, deducing the meaning of unknown words and expressions, and noticing and explaining cultural references
  • researching young people’s lifestyles across Spanish-speaking cultures and contexts, comparing information from different cultural contexts to identify factors such as geography, climate, and social and community environment
  • comparing details from a range of texts on topics such as education or cultural occasions and ceremonies across the Spanish-speaking world, identifying culture-specific terms and representations, for example, año 8 or primero de básico

  VCESC166 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Informing

• VCELU170

  Understand how language use reflects cultural ideas, assumptions and perspectives, and reflect on how what is considered acceptable in communication varies across cultures

  Elaborations

  • discussing ways of communicating across cultures, the significance of cultural concepts and how social conventions are reflected in language use, for example, Γεια μας!, Nα΄σαι καλά, Σιδερένιος, Να ζήσετε, Πάντα άξιος, considering assumptions and perspectives
  • analysing the meaning and use of proverbs, idioms and sayings, for example, Δείξε μου τον φίλο σου να σου πω ποιος είσαι, discussing how they reflect culture and traditions
  • reflect on ways cultural ideas embedded in language influence places occupied by Greek diaspora and the sustainability of those places

  VCELU170 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCFRC065

  Consider how own biography including family origins, traditions, interests and experience, impacts on identity and communication

  Elaborations

  • mapping their own linguistic and cultural profiles, for example by creating a chart/timeline/web profile to highlight formative elements such as family languages, key relationships and intercultural experiences
  • sharing and comparing cultural and intercultural experiences and language capabilities, and exchanging views on the benefits of speaking more than one language, such as having a larger vocabulary to draw on, new insights and perspectives, and opportunities for new experiences
  • identifying events, relationships and experiences that have contributed to building a personal and/or collective sense of identity, and explaining key influences, for example, le voyage, les concours, les amis, la famille, l’équipe

  VCFRC065 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCHIC065

  Discuss the nature of identity and of cultural experience, considering the dynamic and responsive relationship between the two

  Elaborations

  • comparing views about the nature of identity, for example, by discussing elements that they believe shape and reflect their personal sense of identity, such as community, ethnicity, personality, languages, tastes and interests
  • considering how identity changes over time, taking into account ways of thinking, behaving and communicating, and influences such as education, intercultural experience, digital worlds and popular culture
  • sharing views about the nature of culture, referencing their own relationship with different elements of Indian and Australian cultural experience
  • exploring how individual ways of thinking and communicating both shape and reflect cultural identity
  • considering whether their sense of cultural identity varies according to place, time and situation

  VCHIC065 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting