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• VCARC159

  Compare ways in which people, places and experiences are represented in different imaginative texts, analysing ideas, themes and messages and contrasting them with own experiences

  Elaborations

  • expressing personal opinions on ideas presented in various texts such as stories, films, songs or video clips, for example,

    الفيلم يشجع الشباب على الدراسة وهذا ممتاز؛ المقطع الغنائي جميل ومؤثر؛ الفيلم غير واقعي؛ يعرض الفيلم مشاكل الشباب مع الأهل؛ الأغنية جميلة فهي تعبر عن الصداقة

  • stating and explaining personal preferences about characters, themes, ideas and events in texts, using expressions such as

    أفضل شخصية في الفيلم هي سميرة لأنها تعرف ما تريد؛ عادل شخصيته مؤثرة لأنها تمثل شخصية معظم الشباب العربي وتعرض مشاكلهم؛ أحداث القصة متسلسلة ومنطقية؛ الأب في المسلسل ليس مثاليّاً أبداً؛ الأم أيضا دورها تقليدي

  • analysing how people, places and experiences are represented in a variety of imaginative texts, such as extracts from a play or scenes from a film, and comparing how key messages and beliefs are communicated
  • expressing and exchanging opinions on typical features, language use and cultural elements in contemporary songs, films or video clips from the Arabic-speaking world, and comparing them with similar texts from the English-speaking world

  VCARC159 | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCESC168

  Respond to a variety of imaginative texts by expressing opinions and comparing the ways in which people, places and experiences are represented

  Elaborations

  • presenting own version of an imaginary event or familiar story, for example, by removing the sound from a television show and replacing it with own invented dialogue or commentary
  • exchanging and comparing personal preferences in relation to characters, attitudes and events encountered in imaginative texts, for example, Prefiero el robot femenino… No estoy de acuerdo con…
  • comparing how key messages and beliefs are communicated across cultures through the creative arts, for example, in Australian texts such as creation and Dreaming stories, and in texts from Spanish-speaking communities, such as fables, myths and legends (La leyenda de la quinoa, La leyenda de la llorona)
  • responding to different expressions of humour in texts from Spanish-speaking communities and comparing these to Australian expressions of humour
  • exchanging opinions about typical features of and expression in traditional and contemporary stories, films or video clips from the Spanish-speaking world

  VCESC168 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCKOC177

  Compare ways in which people, places and experiences are represented in different imaginative and expressive texts, drawing on own interpretations, those of peers and personal experiences

  Elaborations

  • expressing personal opinions about ideas in Korean texts in various modes such as stories, excerpts from films, paintings, songs or video clips, for example, …이/가/은/는 착한 사람인 것 같아요; 이/그 노래가 정말아름다워요/슬퍼요/신나요
  • stating personal preferences about characters, attitudes and events in texts (for example, using 제가 가장 좋아하는/싫어하는 ... as a setphrase), including spoken and written comments on reactions, for example, 크리스는 자주 농담을 잘해요, 그래서 재미있어요
  • reflecting on ways people, places and experiences are expressed in imaginative texts, and comparing them with those expressed in own and peers’ work and in the work of artists or authors encountered in other learning areas such as the arts, English or history, for example, 아리랑, Waltzing Matilda
  • comparing key messages and beliefs from Korean and Australian texts such as 단군신화, Creation or Dreaming stories, fables, myths and legends
  • comparing contemporary Korean and Australian music popular among young people by listening to music stations, viewing video clips, reading print or online music magazines; identifying similarities and differences in expressions, themes and styles of performance

  VCKOC177 | Languages | Korean | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCLVC179

  Interpret and respond to texts by sharing personal reactions, comparing themes, describing and explaining aspects of artistic expression and how these relate to land, sky, sea, water, people, plants, animals and social and ecological relationships

  Elaborations

  • listening to respected community speakers tell stories on Country/Place, interpreting signs and gestures and using correct protocols to ask clarifying questions and to find out about the cultural role of storytelling
  • interpreting and responding to texts such as songs, stories, films or video clips by recording key vocabulary and expressions, identifying and explaining main ideas, themes and sequences of events, for example, by sharing personal reactions with others
  • discussing how key messages and beliefs are communicated through stories and visual and creative arts, for example, comparing the role and representation of animals, people and landscapes in different expressive forms
  • discussing and explaining how land, sky, sea, people, plants, animals and social and ecological relationships are expressed through the arts
  • investigating traditional and contemporary arts, including paintings, weavings, artefacts, and identifying how they relate to or express elements of Country/Place and people
  • listening to, viewing and comparing personal responses to popular music, identifying key messages, themes and performance styles,, and considering how they incorporate social commentary
  • discussing how stories and songs often link neighbouring Aboriginal groups and nations
  • retelling stories belonging to Country/Place

  VCLVC179 | Languages | Victorian Aboriginal Languages | Levels 7 to 10 | Communicating | Creating

• VCZHU205

  Identify how information and ideas are organised in a range of genres, and compare the textual features of narratives in Chinese and English to determine features which are distinctive to Chinese

  Elaborations

  • comparing the expression of ideas in diverse traditional and contemporary literary texts, for example, exploring the different ways in which the story of 孙悟空 is told in a cartoon, story or TV show
  • recognising and applying features of diverse text types, for example, comparing features of narrative, recount, report and procedure
  • comparing the ways in which similar ideas and concepts are presented in diverse genres, discussing the impact of genre choice on text structure and language use (for example, in persuasive and evaluative texts) and examining how language choices achieve the desired effect
  • exploring the traditional structure of persuasive texts in Chinese (for example, 总起-分述-总结) and discussing its effectiveness
  • reading samples of formal texts such as news articles, official letters and informative reports, and identifying how language use compares to their own everyday speech
  • analysing and explaining the organisation and development of ideas or an argument in a range of genres, including textual features such as paragraphing

  VCZHU205 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Systems of language

• VCGRCU013

  Recognise that the language of the ancient Greeks provides insights into their daily lives, ideas, feelings and attitudes

  Elaborations

  • investigating connections between language and significant cultural attitudes, for example, discussing how the terms ἐκκλησία, βουλή, πρυτάνεις, ψήφισμα and the expressions τὶς ἀγορεύειν βούλεται and ἔδοξε τῇ βουλῇ καὶ τῷ δήμῳ relate to the concept of citizenship in ancient Athens
  • understanding the factors, such as language, religion and culture, that unified the Ἕλληνες (Greeks) and set them apart from the βάρβαροι (non-Greeks)
  • exploring and discussing language use that reflects the social structure of the πόλις of Athens, encompassing both city and countryside, for example, citizen classes, metics, slaves, women
  • exploring and discussing references in texts to social structure in Sparta, including the Spartans, perioikoi and helots
  • comparing and contrasting references in texts to family life, social practices and education in Athens and Sparta
  • understanding the importance of religion in ancient Greek society, and its links to festivals and ceremonies, for example, by examining references in texts to worship of the Olympian gods and local heroes, the panhellenic festivals of the Olympic and Pythian Games, or the dramatic performances of the Dionysia in Athens
  • comparing language that reflects the status of men, youths, women and girls in domestic affairs and public life in ancient Athens and Sparta, such as the significance of the terms ἀνδρεία, κύριος, κηδεμών, παρθένος
  • exploring the colloquial language that ancient Greeks used for greetings, or answering questions about daily life, such as χαῖρε/χαίρετε, πῶς ἔχεις/ἔχετε; τὶ ἔστιν;

  VCGRCU013 | Languages | Classical Greek | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• Arabic - F–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students use written and spoken Arabic to initiate and sustain classroom interactions with others, to exchange views, for example, السباحة رياضة ممتعة؛ أعتقد أن السفر مفيد جدا , and express feelings such as أشعر بالفرح؛ بالسعادة عندما ألعب رياضت المفضلة؛ عندما أعزف الموسيقى ....

  Level description | Languages | Arabic | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• VCESC172

  Reflect on intercultural communication, commenting on perceived similarities and differences in language used and on aspects of culture

  Elaborations

  • reflecting on experiences of authentic or virtual interaction in Spanish, for example, face-to-face interactions with community members through an excursion, or web-chatting, ePal or social networking, identifying moments of enjoyment, discomfort and successful intercultural communication
  • keeping a journal of experiences (humorous, satisfying or challenging) associated with learning and using Spanish, noting personal reactions and reflections over time
  • comparing own and others’ experiences of successful intercultural communication, identifying elements that required flexibility and cultural understanding, for example, responding to different ways of expressing feelings, levels of directness or culturally determined perspectives
  • noticing the impact of own assumptions when engaging with Spanish-language texts and experiences, and considering what assumptions Spanish speakers might hold about Australian people and associated cultural behaviours
  • finding examples of how language reflects cultural concepts and values across the Spanish-speaking world, for example, religious references in sayings such as Al que madruga Dios le ayuda, Bendito sea … Adiós, or changes to language forms that reflect changes in social values, such as the adoption of some feminine forms of professional titles (La doctora/el doctor, la abogada/el abogado, la jefa/el jefe)

  VCESC172 | Languages | Spanish | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCZHC197

  Interact with and express opinions on a range of imaginative texts

  Elaborations

  • viewing segments of texts such as popular music videos in Chinese from various sources of media, such as Pop Asia on SBS, and expressing personal opinions, for example, 我觉得…很有意思
  • comparing stories and characters in Chinese and Australian popular media and identifying the themes and topics that interest young people from different cultural backgrounds, for example, 澳大利亚的年轻人也很喜欢看动作片
  • reading short texts such as comics and cartoons, and identifying words, phrases and expressions the author has used to capture characters’ emotions and reactions, for example, euphemistic phrases such as 真的吗？真倒霉！哎呀！
  • reading extracts from culturally significant Chinese children’s literature, discussing their personal responses to the characters and storyline, and relating the story to personal experience or expressing empathy for characters
  • reading jokes or cartoons in Chinese, discussing how humour is conveyed through words and the presentation of ideas, and comparing with humour in English, discussing whether ‘entertainment’ means the same thing in different languages and cultures
  • reading children’s literature, including fables and traditional stories, exploring values and morals such as the concept of 寓意 in 动画片，小人书, and comparing values and morals conveyed through texts across cultures, for example, 凿壁偷光，塞翁失马 （你能找到英语中类似的说法吗？ 你觉得这个故事的寓意在澳大利亚有意义吗？）

  VCZHC197 | Languages | Chinese | Background Language Learner | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• German - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students share information about their personal worlds, including personal details, family, friends, interests, likes, dislikes and preferences. They interact with others to carry out transactions, participate in class routines and socialise. They use modelled language and...

  Level description | Languages | German | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• Japanese - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students interact with one another and the teacher in classroom routines and activities, exchanging greetings, wishes and information about their personal and social worlds. They use gestures and formulaic expressions appropriately, for example, おくれて すみません。しつれいします。 They...

  Level description | Languages | Japanese | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• VCELC159

  Engage with and respond to imaginative texts, describing and expressing thoughts and opinions about key ideas, characters, places and events

  Elaborations

  • expressing personal opinions about ideas in Greek imaginative texts in various modes such as myths, legends, stories, film excerpts, paintings, songs or video clips
  • identifying key messages and beliefs from Greek texts and comparing them with the knowledge, cultural values and belief systems in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander stories
  • responding to imaginative texts, comparing ways in which people, places and experiences are represented, for example, the goddess Athena, Poseidon or characters in modern fiction
  • stating personal preferences about characters, attitudes and events in texts for example, Pandora’s box, Aesop’s fable ‘The Fox and the Grapes’

  VCELC159 | Languages | Modern Greek | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Creating

• VCELU017

  Identify connections between language, culture and communication, recognising how communication styles and practices vary across cultures and how intercultural exchange involves the exchange of meaning as well as words

  Elaborations

  • investigating own personal and community practices to identify connections with Greek language and culture, for example, in cooking, sport, music, dance or technology
  • discussing elements of culture in Greek language and their significance in reflecting values, attitudes and traditions, such as references to saints’ days
  • discussing, questioning and explaining understanding of own and other cultures, and considering how attitudes towards diversity and difference affect communication and the sustainability of communities
  • examining culturally specific terms and phrases, such as η παρέα , το κέφι, Στην υγειά σου, Με γεια, Γεια στα χέρια σου/σας, developing appropriate explanations for them and discussing equivalent terms in other languages

  VCELU017 | Languages | Modern Greek | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Understanding | Role of language and culture

• VCFRC064

  Reflect on cultural differences between French and English communicative styles and on how these affect intercultural interactions

  Elaborations

  • noticing cultural cues that suggest differences in traditions, ideas or values when interacting with French speakers or resources, for example, ways of expressing feelings, or politeness protocols associated with social events
  • discussing elements of successful intercultural communication when using French or other languages, for example, awareness of differences, flexibility, and respect for other perspectives and traditions
  • interacting with young French-speakers who are learning English, comparing views on cultural aspects of communication and discussing individual challenges and gains
  • identifying gestures, intonation patterns and facial expressions that are different in French, and explaining how some could be adopted in other-language contexts or situations
  • reflecting on own ways of communicating and behaving and how these may be interpreted by French speakers

  VCFRC064 | Languages | French | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VC2M7A04

  investigate, interpret and describe relationships between variables represented in graphs of functions developed from authentic data

  Elaborations

  • using graphs to analyse a building’s electricity or gas usage over a period of time, the value of shares on a stock market, or the temperature during a day, interpreting and discussing the relationships they represent
  • using travel graphs to compare the distance travelled to and from school, interpreting and discussing features of travel graphs such as the slope of lines and the meaning of horizontal line segments
  • telling the story behind what is being represented in graphs of functions, for example, graphs representing pouring rates or distance versus time
  • using graphs of evaporation rates to explore and discuss Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ methods of water resource management

  VC2M7A04 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 7 | Algebra

• VC2M7A03

  solve one-variable linear equations of increasing complexity with natural number solutions; verify equation solutions by substitution

  Elaborations

  • recognising that solving an equation is a process of determining a value that makes the equation true; and using substitution to determine whether a given number is a solution to an equation or not
  • solving equations using concrete materials, the balance model and backtracking, explaining the process
  • solving linear equations such as 3x+7=19 algebraically, and verifying the solution by substitution

  VC2M7A03 | Mathematics | Mathematics Version 2.0 | Level 7 | Algebra

• Indonesian - 7–10 Sequence: Levels 7 and 8 achievement standards

  By the end of Level 8, students share factual information and opinions about their personal worlds, including personal details, family, pets, friends, pastimes, school and neighbourhood. They interact with others orally and in writing, asking and responding to questions using Siapa, Apakah, Berapa...

  Level description | Languages | Indonesian | 7–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8

• VCASFC065

  Participate in and reflect on intercultural interactions and experiences, for example by considering and comparing their responses and strategies when engaging with hearing people

  Elaborations

  • comparing their experience of interacting with hearing people in various domains online or face to face, such as after-school sports clubs, analysing these experiences in terms of their perceptions, understandings or attitudes
  • reflecting on how differences between signed and spoken language users may be perceived, for example in relation to different protocols when joining interactions, taking turns, using names, or passing between people who are communicating with each other
  • reflecting on the concepts of insider and outsider views of the Deaf community and on their own position as first language learners of Auslan
  • reflecting on their own and others’ social attitudes and responses to differences in behaviours or communicative styles, for example on how they feel when hearing people do not make eye contact during an interaction
  • reflecting on how their own ways of communicating may be interpreted by hearing people, and on how they need to modify or consider other communication strategies and behaviour, such as the use of eye contact, facial expression or body language
  • comparing strategies used by deaf and hearing adults to negotiate the physical environment, for example, different behaviours that reflect different perceptual perspectives in contexts such as travelling in a lift

  VCASFC065 | Languages | Auslan | First Language Learner | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting

• VCDTDI039

  Manage, create and communicate interactive ideas, information and projects collaboratively online, taking safety and social contexts into account

  Elaborations

  • discussing how different social contexts affect participation in global virtual spaces, for example considering the use of language, acronyms and humour, and providing opportunities for each team member to express their opinions on their own terms
  • organising the instructions and files in readiness for the development of a solution, for example applying a file name convention such as author initials, version and date to all data files that are going to be used to create solutions
  • creating a web-based project that involves modifying an existing website template or writing HTML and cascading style sheets (CSS), for example using web-authoring software and CSS to create a website that allows customers to interact with an enterprising solution, such as purchasing an item
  • devising and applying protocols to manage the collaborative creation of solutions, for example planning to use cloud computing to store common files and establishing virtual meetings that acknowledge time zone differences
  • organising the timeline, resources, file naming conventions, back-up measures and sequence of tasks required to collaboratively create solutions that meet specified needs

  VCDTDI039 | Technologies | Digital Technologies | Levels 7 and 8 | Data and Information

• VCHIC064

  Consider differences and similarities in style and use of language when interacting in Hindi and in English, noticing when the choice is made to use either or both languages

  Elaborations

  • identifying ways in which they change their ways of communicating when switching from Hindi to English
  • providing examples of interactions which feel more natural in Hindi than they do in English or vice versa, for example, using Hindi to talk about family experiences, rituals or relationships, using English to talk about school work, music or films
  • using a reflective journal to record and compare when and why they consciously choose to use one language rather than the other, considering whether their ways of thinking and communicating change between languages
  • identifying instances when using both Hindi and English in the same interaction makes for easier communication
  • discussing what they need to consider when interacting with speakers of different language and cultural backgrounds, such as being flexible, noticing people’s reactions to what they say, watching for signals of misunderstanding, being mindful of different perspectives and traditions
  • reflecting on choices they make when interacting with friends who also speak both Hindi and English, identifying instances when they move between languages for either practical or cultural reasons

  VCHIC064 | Languages | Hindi | F–10 Sequence | Levels 7 and 8 | Communicating | Reflecting